We shouldn’t approach most Persian literary classics merely from a literary viewpoint; since they are, aside from literary and aesthetic aspects, full of reflections that cannot be revealed except by using exact theories and new methods. Eskandarnāmeh of Nezāmi is one of these works, its foundation being the ancient Irānshahri political thought. Thus, it is a national text, like Shāhnāmeh of Ferdowsi. Irānshahri’s political thoughts are, alongside Persian language, social mores, and Iranian-Islamic mysticism, and important components of continuation of Iranian culture, from the ancient ages to some centuries after the entry of Islam into Iran.Thus, searching the thoughts in the Persian literary classics, including Eskandarnāmeh of Nezāmi, is an important contribution to recognizing the Iranian culture and identity. Furthermore, Irānshahri’s political thoughts have the unique characteristics, which through some modifications, can be fruitful in the compilation of a new political theory in accordance with Iran' s situation in the present world.