Journal of Rehabilitation Sciences and Research
Year:2021 | Volume:8 | Issue:2|Papers Count:8

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of eight-week shoulder girdle, pelvic girdle and combined corrective exercises on maximal voluntary ventilation in female students with upper crossed syndrome. Methods: In this experimental randomized clinical trial, 45 female college students with upper crossed syndrome voluntarily participated and were randomly divided into three equal subgroups including shoulder girdle group, pelvic girdle group and combined group. The three groups performed corrective exercises of eight weeks and three times per week. The maximal voluntary ventilation was assessed before and after intervention. Results: The results showed that the main effect of group was significant (P=0. 029). The Least Significant Difference (LSD) post-hoc test demonstrated significant differences between combined groups with shoulder girdle group (P=0. 048) and pelvic girdle group (P=0. 011), but no significant differences between shoulder and pelvic groups (P=0. 537). The results showed a greater maximal voluntary ventilation in the combined exercise group than in the other groups. The main effect of time was significant for the three groups (P=0. 000). There was a significant interaction of groups by time for outcome measurement (P=0. 000). Conclusion: The results of this study provided preliminary guidance for the use of the comprehensive corrective exercises for simultaneous correction of anomalies.

Background: Elderly diabetic patients face a lack of independence in daily and social activities such as going to the toilet and bathing, aside from walking and communication, which are affected by the ability to stand and walk bilaterally. This study aims to compare the rehabilitative outcome of post-amputation soft dressing with IPOP Methods: In this randomized clinical trial study four parameters were measured, including the time between amputation and the first standing, amputation and taking the first steps, amputation and an independent personal activity and amputation and fitting the first permanent prosthesis. Thirty elderly diabetic patients (aged 65-80) were divided into two groups. The Intervention group received IPOP and the control group received soft dressing. Results: Patients who received immediate post-operative prosthesis took significantly lower time in all four variables. Conclusion: The results showed that it takes the control group, on average, 148 days longer to receive their first final prosthesis and achieve the same ADL and social status as the intervention group.

Background: Forward head posture (FHP) and kyphosis are the most common postural deviations which various factors are involved in the occurrence of these abnormalities. This study aimed to compare the effect of functional corrective exercises (FCE) and core stability exercises (CSE) on forward head posture and kyphosis in adolescent girls. Methods: The present study is quasi-experiment research and included a pre-and post-test design. 52 students aged 14-16 years old with forward head posture >46 degrees and kyphosis >40 degrees were randomly assigned into four groups, each one consisting of 13 students. Research tools for kyphosis as well as forward head posture assessment included flexible ruler and goniometer, respectively. The experimental groups participated in training programs for 6 weeks, three times per week and for 60-minutes per session, while the control group continued their daily routine activities. The data analysis was carried out using covariance (ANCOVA) analysis via SPSS, version 21. Results: The outcomes showed that there were significant differences among groups, including core stability exercises (CSE) and combined exercises (FCE+CSE) (P=0. 020), core stability exercises (CSE) and Control (P=0. 008), functional corrective exercises (FCE) and Control (P=0. 001), combined exercises (FCE+CSE) and Control (p= 0. 001) with respect to kyphosis. For the Forward head posture (FHP) variable, there were significant differences between pre-and post-tests of core stability exercises (CSE) and Control (P=0. 001), functional corrective exercises (FCE)and combined exercises (FCE+CSE) (P=0. 019), functional corrective exercises (FCE) and Control (P=0. 001) as well as combined exercises (FCE+CSE) and Control (P=0. 001) groups. There was no significant difference between pre-and post-test measures of control group. Conclusion: According to this study’, s results, although all types of training programs had a significant effect on postural correction, but a combined exercises (FCE+CSE) significantly improved forward head posture and kyphosis combined to each training program. Therefore, it is recommended that healthcare professionals and corrective exercise specialists to implement a combined program to have a better result in terms of kyphosis and forward head posture correction.

Background: This study highlights the effect of nonlinear and linear teaching methods and inclusive education on the self-esteem and motor proficiency of ordinary and overactive children. Methods: This quasi-experimental research involved two groups of girls who had a 9-week intervention. One group consisting of 14 ordinary children (M age=6. 53 SD age=0. 49) with one overactive and obese child (age=6 years, height=115 cm and weight=27 kg) were trained using nonlinear pedagogy. The other group comprising of 14 ordinary children (Mage=6. 58, SD age=0. 52) and one overactive obese child (age=6 years, height=117 cm and weight=28 kg) were trained using a linear method. Quantitative and qualitative instruments were used to collect data. Results: The qualitative results showed control of violence and pleasure of the game, as well as family, educational and social relationships, improved in the obese and overactive child who practiced with the nonlinear pedagogy. Quantitative results indicated that general, family, social and school self-esteem, and motor proficiency increased, but BMI decreased in both children with ADHD. The result of the ANCOVA test indicates that self-esteem (P=0. 000, F=27. 88) and motor proficiency (P=0. 001, F=15. 7) improved in the nonlinear pedagogy compared to the linear method. Conclusion: Results emphasized the importance of applying nonlinear pedagogy for motor skills development and in inclusive education to enhance physical activity participation for children with Attention defi, cit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Findings make a strong case for manipulating tasks and eliminating environmental constraints in inclusive settings to develop motor skills of all children.

Background: The purpose of the present study was to compare the effects of maternal yoga and self-compassion exercises on behavioral disorders and depression of children with disabilities. Methods: This applied research is a quasi-experimental study with pre-test-posttest control group design. The participants of the current research consisted of 40 cases of mothers (with an average age of 29 years) of disabled children aged 6-18, who were selected using convenience sampling method from Welfare Centers in Isfahan city, and were matched into three experimental groups, and one control group based on depression scores. In order to assess the behavioral disorders and depression in children with disabilities, Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL, Achenbach) and Children Depression Inventory (CDI, Maria Kovacs) were used, respectively. Data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analysis of covariance at a significance level of α,≤, 0. 05. Results: The obtained results showed that the pre-test scores of behavioral disorders have a significant relationship with its post-test. When this relationship was controlled, the difference between adjusted means of behavioral disorders scores in the post-test stage in intervention groups was significant. Additionally, no significant relationship was observed between the pre-test and post-test scores of depression, but the difference between adjusted means of depression scores in the post-test stage (after controlling pre-test scores) in intervention group was significant. Conclusion: Practicing yoga and self-compassion exercises by mothers can cause a reduction in behavioral disorders and depression in children with disabilities. These results show that the family of disabled children, welfare organization, exceptional schools and rehabilitation centers can consider paying attention to parental mental health.

Background: congenital severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss (SPSNHL) causes serious difficulties in production and comprehension of speech, necessitates use of a thorough rehabilitation program at early age. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between hearing thresholds and the result of auditory rehabilitation in children with bilateral congenital SP-SNHL. Methods: This is a retrospective study. Thirty-five children (23 males and 12 females) with bilateral congenital SP-SNHL were evaluated based on Auditory Steady-State Response (ASSR). The mean age of children at the beginning of rehabilitation was 37. 36±, 17. 10 months. They received bilateral superpower hearing aids and auditory rehabilitation based on Auditory-Verbal Therapy (AVT) approach. Their Speech production and comprehension were assessed at the beginning and end of rehabilitation via Speech Intelligibility Rating (SIR) and Categories of Auditory Performance (CAP). Results: The SIR and CAP scores showed improvement in 12 (34. 3%) and 25 (71. 4%) children, respectively. These children had lower ASSR thresholds in 0. 5 to 4 k Hz relative to others. The mean ASSR thresholds were 85. 63 to 97. 50 versus 96. 09 to 104. 75 (P<0. 05). Also, lower hearing thresholds were related to better results in auditory rehabilitation (P<0. 05). Conclusion: Lower hearing thresholds in children with SP-SNHL are associated with better rehabilitation results.

Background: Clinical education provides an opportunity for students to acquire necessary competency in the clinical education wards (CEWs) through applying knowledge in a controlled clinical setting. Different Studies have reported that from the students’,point of view, clinical teachers’,competence and virtues are the most important factors for facilitating clinical education. This study was conducted to understand the viewpoints and experiences of second-year occupational therapy students of a competent clinical teacher. Methods: In this study, a qualitative content analysis method was utilized. Focus groups were formed in two stages with the participation of five students. After focus group meetings and data analysis, individual interviews continued to acquire data saturation. The codes were extracted based on meaning units. Results: Five hundred twenty-one open codes were extracted which were classified into 25 subcategories and three main categories. The interviewees enumerated many different characteristics for an effective clinical teacher. Conclusion: From the perspective of second-year undergraduate OT students, an effective clinical teacher has specific personal and professional characteristics. Proper planning in OT departments consistent with the goals and content of theoretical as well as clinical courses, plus selecting the right people with sufficient clinical experience who are interested in different areas of OT may improve clinical teacher efficacy.

Dysphagia is a difficulty transferring liquid/food from the mouth to the stomach. It has life-threatening complications which can be reduced by thickening agents. There are various thickeners such as gelatin and xanthan. Each of these have their own characteristics. As Gelatin is melt in mouth, it is not an ideal agent for patients with dysphagia. However, xanthan gum has significant advantages in most important aspects of clinical applications like pH and temperature compatibility, consistency, appearance, odor, required concentrations of adequate liquid thickening, and resistance to amylase. Therefore, despite some issues like the interaction with some oral drugs, generally Xanthan gum is the best choice to use for improving the swallowing ability of patients. Hence, the aim of this narrative review is to report the main characteristics of xanthan gum to make researchers and practitioners familiar with it and consider it in their works.