JOURNAL OF ACCOUNTING KNOWLEDGE AND MANAGEMENT AUDITING
Year:2016 | Volume:5 | Issue:19 |Papers Count:10

The purpose this study is examines the impact of corporate governance mechanisms on informational efficiency of listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. Among the various mechanisms of corporate governance, determine the four criteria include institutional ownership, Free float, Independent board members and Ownership concentration as the mechanisms of corporate governance and we test their effect on the informational efficiency. In this study, the regression model as research model was used that for calculate of Informational efficiency was used monthly return variance ratio test. The study sample is consisted of 95 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 2008 to 2012. The results of this study indicate that Institutional investors have opposite effect on the Informational efficiency of companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange. However, other mechanisms of corporate governance used in this study, including the Free float, Independent board members and Ownership concentration on the Informational efficiency in Tehran Stock Exchange have any effect on Informational efficiency.

The present study investigated the relationship between social trust and auditor’ s attitudes towards independence. To this end, a total number of 148 questionnaires were distributed randomly among auditors working in the Iranian Auditing Organization and auditing firms as members of the Iranian Association of Certified Public Accountants. The collected data were analyzed using regression model. Social trust was taken as the independent variable and auditor’ s attitudes towards independence as the dependent variable in this study. The results showed that social trust and auditor vocational rank are among factors affecting respondents’ attitudes towards independence. It was also found that the auditor’ s gender and place of employment have no effect on auditors’ attitudes towards independence.

Voluntary disclosure is one of the most important management tool to transfer the data on financial performance of companies to investors, creditors and other stakeholders. One of the main reasons for the request for voluntary disclosure, agency and asymmetric information. This study to develop a suitable model of voluntary disclosure study the scope of the voluntary disclosure literature and have designed a model consisting of ten dimensions of 233 items that The validity and reliability were approved by the experts. the model were evaluated among the 146 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange during the period 92-88. The findings indicate a high correlation between the items specified in dimensions with the total score of dimensions. The high correlation of the total score of voluntary disclosure with each dimension total score represents the construct validity of model. The reliability coefficient of a designed tool is 0. 8. developed model from the perspective of experts and correlation analysis has high reliability and validity and can be used by managers to improve the information Transparency.

Nowadays, with regard to impact of changes and environmental elements, increased communication and enthusiastic acceptance of utilizing internal audit services, especially internal audit professional competence by organization besides management accounting reports, the recognition of the relationship between internal audit professional competence on with application of management accounting tools, such as activity-based costing, standard costing, target costing and etc are very essential. This research has been conducted in the realm of locality of 57 manufacturing corporations which were actively present in Tehran Stock Exchange in 2014-15 which had active internal audit departments. Data collection tool has been the standard questionnaire which significant with Cronbach's coefficient is 89/4 percent. The population consists of two independent groups of internal auditors and management accountants (114 persons. To confirm the hypotheses, tee following statistical techniques of single variable mean test, two populations mean comparison test, Friedman rank test, Pearson correlation and linear regression have been employed. The research Results with 99 percent of confidence intend that the application of management accounting tools has a positive (direct) and significant relation with internal audit professional competence, in the way that with a one unit increment in internal audit professional competence, the employment of management accounting tools will increase by 0/51unit. In addition no significant has been observed between internal auditors opinions and management accountants discretion on the relationship of application of management accounting tools with internal audit professional competence and both of these two groups emphasized on the importance of the internal audit professional competence in the application of management accounting tools.

Enterprise resources planning system is a new level of cost management system, which insist on tracking cost processes or outputs. The results of the information provided in this system, with the aim of monitoring the performance of management and cost centers cause to facilitate the information flow within the organization. In this context, costing the activities in line with the objectives through the analysis of economic processes cause to identified activities added value cause to create the main factor of cost. This paper tries to describe the activity-based costing with approach of responsibility accounting in integrated systems from one hand, step to demonstrate the application of theoretical concepts in practice and on the other hand, according to practical and operational changes of theoretical concepts in integrated systems is obtained platform for the promotion and development of theoretical concepts. The first section of paper describes the flow of information and communication in integrated systems. The second part of the paper-based allocated to the volume-based measurement compared to activity-based costing. In the third section of paper will provide integrated activity-based costing in detail. The last section provides a conclusion and suggested strategies to improve existing systems as mentioned above.

The purpose of this study is evaluating the expectation gap among auditors and users in understanding the messages transmitted by Standard Audit Report(SAR). Usefulness of audit reports to users significantly related to their proper understanding of the audit objectives and constraints, as well as proper interpretation of the terms that used in the audit reports. In this regard and using research literature, tow micro and macro level of expectations defined. In the same way a questionnaire to evaluate the expectation gap between the three groups of investors, creditors, auditors, have been prepared. The results of 196 questionnaires show that expectation gap at micro and macro levels exist among different groups. However, in some macro-level issues such as the Usefulness of the auditor's report on investment decisions, freedom financial statements from fraud, going concern postulate and in some micro-level issues, we couldn’ t find any expectations gap. The results also indicated that the expectations gaps in most cases, could be reduced by education for users and change in auditing standards is not required.

The present study has been conducted to examine reference price and effects of mental accounting on the portfolio Stock Exchange in Tehran. The researcher evaluated the relationship between the variables of the return of stock, market returns, alpha, sales price and average price through the required collected data. The main issue of this study is ‘ mental accounting’ which means the way individuals interpret information to make decisions based on their analysis and the impact of events in their minds which this may violate the general principles of rationality. Mental accounting is a better understanding of ‘ psychology of choice’ . The author collected the data using information from the Tehran Stock Exchange. The populations of this research were 50 legal customers and 50 real customers which had invested in Tehran Stock Exchange from 1390 to 1391. The data extraction is completely judgmental. Then, the obtained data were analyzed. The results showed that the sales price relates to the average price and investors have more behavioral biases with negative alpha.

Kaizen is one of the continuous improvement patterns that avoiding stagnation and encouraging continuous efforts to achieve the goals are its purpose. This paper aims to review the Fars province industrial management willingness to applying kaizen management model. This study is a survey-functional research. Twenty-kaizen principles were used to designing the questionnaire. The sample comprised of 52 Industry managers of Fars province. The SPSS software was used for analyzing the results of the study, . The hypotheses were tested using t-student test with a p-value of 95%. The results show that the Fars province industrial managers adhere to the twenty-kaizen principles. The conclusions indicate that managers intend to implement the kaizen.

Working capital management is one of the most important areas in financial management and management of organizations to be considered, because it directly affects the liquidity and profitability of companies. The aim of this study was to investigate the importance of working capital management and its components in the profitability of small and medium enterprises are non-exchange firms. In this study territory was five-year period between 1388 to 1392, and 50 companies were selected after performing the sampling process. As well as for analysis and regression analysis was used to test research hypotheses. The results show the index constituents on working capital management and profitability of small and medium non-exchange firms and there was a significant inverse relationship. Firms can have the optimal level of capital that maximizes the value they provide. Being abundant and generous credit policy can lead to increased sales and reduced inventory shortages Available high risk and trade credit because the evaluation of product quality to provide payment to customers can lead to increased sales.

We investigate the association between managerial overconfidence and audit fees, as well as the effect of a strong audit committee on this relation. Overconfident managers tend to overestimate their ability and the future payouts of projects but underestimate the likelihood and impact of adverse events. Auditors may therefore charge a fee premium to compensate for the additional audit effort due to the increased audit risk. Conversely, overconfident managers may demand less audit services due to either hubris in their companies’ financial reporting or a desire to reduce auditor scrutiny over aggressive accounting. A strong audit committee can alleviate the audit risks associated with managerial overconfidence or prevent overconfident managers from reducing audit services thus mitigating the relation between audit fees and managerial overconfidence. We survey 73 companies in Stock Exchange in the year’ s 1384 to 1393 find that a negative relation is between managerial overconfidence and audit fees. In addition, a strong audit committee also can’ t reduce this negative effect.