JOURNAL OF SPORT BIOSCIENCE RESEARCHES
Year:2012 | Volume:2 | Issue:6|Papers Count:8

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between organizational commitment and job involvement in the employees of physical Education Organization. Based on the Morgan table, 140 persons were selected as the sample size through the simple random method. To collect the information, demographic information questionnaire, organizational commitment questionnaire (Meyer & Allen 1990) and job involvement questionnaire (Kanungo1982) were used. To analyze the data, the descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were used. The results of the t-Student test and ANOVA showed that there was no significant difference in perceiving the organizational commitment in regard to demographic variables (Gender, Job experience, Employment status), but there was a significant difference in perceiving the organizational commitment in the education levels (p<0.05). Pearson correlation coefficient showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between organizational commitment with the dimensions of organizational commitment (Affective, Continuance and Normative) and there is a positive and significant relationship between organizational commitment with job involvement (p<0.05). The analysis of the multivariate regression showed that the Affective Commitment and Continuance Commitment are for predictive job involvement (p<0.05).

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of sport massage on consistency of lymphocyte and monocyte in blood after one session of intense exercise in female futsal players.Method: 5 players from adult team and 13 players from youth female futsal team of Zowb Ahan team, with average age of 21±5 years old, average weight of 60.5±5 kg and average height of 167±5 cm participated in this study. Subjects are randomized into two equal groups, the first group received sport massage (massage group) and the other one was in an inactive rest. Blood samples collected at rest (PRE), immediately post-exercise (POST), and 20 minutes post-exercise.Result: The results showed no significant difference between the two groups of lymphocytes (P=0.393), nevertheless the monocyte concentration massage (P=0.086) increased, but this increase was not significant.Conclusions: We conclude that sport massage increases monocytes when applied as a passive recovery technique after a high-intensity exercise protocol.

The main purpose of this investigation was to measure and evaluate the relationship between the level of IT Knowledge and its components, including computer use, computer competence and Leadership Style in Physical Educators in 2010. The statistical population of this research consisted of 219 participants working as the Esfahan high school Physical Educators (men & women); the sample size was computed 168 numbers. This study used a correlation survey method. To measure the Level of IT Knowledge and Leadership style, researcher constructed scale were used respectively of validity (Kendal test 0.8) and reliability (Alpha Kronbach 0.93) the measures were estimated and a MLQ (Bass and Aovlio) questionnaire. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between the Level of IT Knowledge with Transformational (r=0.22, p<0.01) and Leisure leadership(r=-0.27, p<0.01), but there appeared no significant relationships between components i.e. computer use and computer competence with the Transformational, Transactional and Leisure leadership. Also, between components of computer use, i.e. internet, hardware and software and instructional use with the Transformational, Transactional and Leisure leadership there was only a negative and significant relationship between internet use with Leisure leadership (r=-0.21, p<0.01). Also, between the Level of the Physical Educators of IT Knowledge with Transformational leadership in terms of regions, level of education, one’s personal computer and accessing to internet at school and with Transactional leadership in terms of gender, age, level of education and with Leisure leadership in terms of age, one’s personal computer and accessing to internet at school, significant differences were observed. But, between the Level of the Physical Educators IT Knowledge with Transactional leadership in terms of regions, one’s personal computer and accessing to internet at school and with Transformational leadership in terms of gender, age, and work experience and with Leisure leadership in terms of level of education no significant differences were observed.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of gender on the performance of continuous bimanual coordination task and mirror tracer task in different age categories. For this purpose, ninety right-handed participants (45 males, 45 females) that were between three age categories: youth (22.8±2.36 years), Middle-aged (46.2±3.51 years) and elderly (62.3±2.23 years) that all of them were selected randomly from the students, staff, faculty and disabled retired of Razi University. Instruments used in this study were continuous bimanual coordination test and mirror tracer construction of Lafayette Company. Performance in the bimanual coordination task was 5 attempts and in the mirror tracer 2 attempts. The results of ANOVA between men and women in Bimanual coordination showed that there is no significant difference in the two age categories youth (p>0.05) and Middle-aged (p>0.05), but there was significant difference among the elderly one (p <0.05). Results in the mirror tracer task showed that men and women were different significantly in the three age categories youth (p<0.05), Middle-aged (p<0.01) and elderly (p <0.01). According to these results women in older age in the bimanual coordination and in mirror tracer task in any age, had better performance. So, gender is an important and influential variable that has a large role in the coordination of movement patterns.

Aim: The aim of present study was to review the effect of eight weeks aerobic training on vaspin, visfatin and insulin resistance of middle age females. Materials and methods: For this purpose 30 females (mean age 48.73±9.44 y, height 156.03±5.6 cm and weight 68.37±10.57 kg) that attend in odd day’s morning sports of Hejab gymnasium of Shiraz. Subjects, after filling health questionnaire and informed consent form, are randomly selected as the statistical samples. At first after measuring the height and weight, based on body mass index, the subjects are divided into two groups. Aerobic trainings were included eight weeks aerobic training with intensity of 55-65 percent of maximum heart rate and three sessions per week. Fasting blood samples were taken 24 hours before starting training period and after finishing last training session. For statistical analysis, the dependent and independent t tests are used (a≤0.05).Results: Results showed that eight weeks aerobic training has significant effect on vaspin (p=0.000) nevertheless has no significant effect on visfatin (p=0.08) and insulin resistance (p=0.75).Conclusion: Based on the results of present study eight weeks aerobic training has significant effect on vaspin but has no significant effect on visfatin and insulin resistance. So it is suggested to the middle age and untrained people to use aerobic trainings for controlling the effective factors on insulin sensitivity. In order to increase the effects of aerobic trainings, it is better to use trainings with superior intensity or in case of non ability to do high intensity trainings, or to use more than one hour exercise.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of concern about the physical appearance and body dysmorphic disorder among young athletes in Kermanshah. To this purpose, 350 athletes among bodybuilding, weightlifting, karate, wrestling, badminton, volleyball and soccer (each field 50) randomly participated in this study and responded to the Body Dismorphic Disorder Questionnaire (BDDQ). The results of data showed that 65% of bodybuilders, 49% of weightlifters, 47% of karate players, 57% of wrestlers, 28% of badminton players, 34% of soccer players and 38% volleyball players were concerned about their appearance and also 19% of bodybuilders, 15% of weightlifters, 16% of Karate players, 21% of wrestlers, 5.2% of badminton players, 7.2% of soccer players and 12% of Volleyball players suffered from the disease of BDD. Therefore we concluded that athletes respectively, bodybuilders, wrestlers, weightlifters and karate players were more concerned of their body appearances. So possibly a greater percentage of athletes whose body is in sight of the other people are suffering from this disease.

Introduction: The purpose of the present research was to investigate the effect of one stage of Taekwondo on reaction of IgA, cortisole and testosterone salivary in Taekwondo players of supreme league of Iran's Taekwondo.Methods: Therefore players of two supreme leagues of 2009 were selected in form of accessible sampling including 16 Taekwondo players having age Average of 24±4, height of 179.3±15.7 cm, weight of 74.7±35.3 Kg, Body Mass Index of 23.03±6.5 and practice background of 12.4±5.4 years. Samples were taken from the players at rest time and 24 hours before competition and 20 minutes after competition. The sampling included 4 ml from their unstimulated saliva which was finally examined to study the viscosity variances of saliva Immunoglobulin A and Cortisole and saliva testosterone as well.Results: The results of the present research, via statistical analysis by SPSS program, indicated in a significant level (p£0.05) that one stage of Taekwondo competition will result in a significant decline in salvia igA (p£0.001). In this state, saliva Cortisole increased significantly (p£0.006), but for changing of testosterone there was no significant difference (p=0.454). Variances regarding to the ratio of saliva testosterone to saliva cortisole declined in comparison to former after competition (p£0.034).Conclusion: We conclude that Taekwondo competition may put the immunity status of Taekwondo players at risk; therefore, it is essential to speculate on proper nutrition and practice guidelines.

The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effective factors on development of the international status of karate in Iran during the last decade. The research method was descriptive and its tool was a questionnaire containing 51 closed format questions prepared by researcher whose reliability was approved (a=%94) by some sport management experts. Delphi method was used. The statistical societies used in this study were: A) Active coaches in major karate league, super league, national team coaches and grade A coaches of the country (80 people). B) Athlete groups (active karate players of major league and super league (278 people). C) The authorities (referees, federation authorities and those who are in charge of different Karate styles, staff and league coaches) who were 175 people. The statistical samples were in 3 groups: 162 players, 66 coaches and 123 authorities. The sample populations were selected randomly and also based on Delphi method, 51 variables were chosen among Karate development solutions. These variables were classified into 7 groups for analysis and comparison. In order to analyze the data, Kolmogorov-Smirnove test was used, to determine distribution data, one-way analysis variance was used, to find out the contrasts between managers, coaches and authorities about the importance of development solutions, Scheffe test was used, to investigate different opinions among managers, coaches, players and authorities about development factors ranking, Friedman test was used, in order to have priority and comparison between leveled mean. The research findings showed that there was a meaningful relationship between coaches, players and authorities’ opinion toward preliminary ability, hardware facilities, methods, management solutions, human force and media. The role of motivation was not meaningful. The opinions of three groups of coaches, players and authorities were not meaningful. According to players and authorities the most significant factor to improve the level of preparation of elite Karate players is physical readiness, but from the coaches point of view having a strategic plan is the most important factor.