Journal of Paramedical Science and Rehabilitation
Year:2019 | Volume:8 | Issue:1 |Papers Count:12

Purpose: Spondylolysis, is an anatomical disorder in posterior vertebrae part in area between pedicle and the lamina in between joint region Pars InterArticularis which affects the patient function. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the effect of eight weeks Pilates exercise on muscular endurance of the central part of the body and the range of motion of lumber spine in patients with spondylolysis. Methods: Fourteen women with spondylolysis by spine's neuropsychologist diagnosis were selected, and were randomly divided into two equal groups of experimental (mean ± SD: 38. 8± 8. 5 years, height 161. 2 ± 6. 9 cm, weight 69 ± 8. 7 kg), and control (mean ± SD: 38. 4± 8. 7 years, height 165 ± 5. 2 cm, weight of 65. 8± 6. 8 kg). Experimental group performed selected Pilates exercise for eight weeks, three sessions in a week, and each session 60 minutes, , but during these time control group did not participate in any treatment activity and performed normal daily activities. Muscle endurance (McGill test) and range of motion lumbar spine (Modified-Modified Schober's Technique) were evaluated before and after eight weeks training. For data analysis, analysis of variance model with duplicate size (p<0. 05) were used. Results: In experimental group, muscular endurance was significantly increased (p<0. 05), but no significant differences were observed in control group (p>0. 05). In total, there were significant differences between experimental and control groups (p<0. 05). In experimental group, range of motion lumbar spine were significantly increased (p<0. 05), but no significant differences were observed in control group (p>0. 05). In total, there were significant differences between experimental and control groups (p<0. 05). Conclusion: It can be concluded that Pilates training could improve muscular endurance of the central body region and range of motion lumber spine patients with spondylolysis. Therefore, it could Probably be suggested as a useful modality for the rehabilitation and spondylolysis treatment.

Purpose: Language sample analysis (LSA) is one of the best methods of language evaluation and mean length of utterance (MLU), and also it is one of the most popular methods for analyzing language samples in children. Spontaneous utterance sampling determining MLU requires a lot of time and now it is not clear how many utterance in spontaneous speech sample of Persian-speaking children can represent their ability in morphology and syntax. Determining the relationship between the length of language sample and the MLU can help further research in determining the reliable sample to evaluate MLU in Persian speaking children. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of language sample length on MLUm (Mean Length of Utterance in Morpheme) in Persian-speaking children aged 4-5 years. Methods: 30 children (15 girls and 15 boys) were selected from kindergartens in Babol. Language sampling was performed in a 30-minute free play between the child and researcher. Four sets of speech samples in different lengths of 50, 100, 150, and 200 utterances were transcripted sequentially. The mean MLUm in different lengths was compared by one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni's post hoc test. Results: The mean MLUm was significantly different in samples with 50 (mean = 4. 40) and 150 (mean = 4. 71), and samples with 50 (mean = 4. 40) and 200 (mean = 4. 79) utterances. No significant difference was found between MLUm in other lengths (p<0/05). Conclusion: In spontaneous speech samples of Persian-language children, the length of the language sample was effective on MLUm, therefore, that an increase in sample length of more than 100 utterance can improve the MLUm. This effect is not significant in language samples with more than 100 utterances.

Purpose: Upper cross syndrome causes malalignment in body. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of three corrective exercise methods on the quality of life and forward head angle of people with upper cross syndrome. Methods: The present study was a semi-experimental and pre-posttest. A total of 30 patients were selected from all the patients referred to the Ilam city Clinical corrective exercise, who were suffering from upper cross syndrome and divided randomly into three experimental groups. The first experimental group performed the combined lower and upper limb corrective exercises for eight weeks. The second experimental group performed the upper limb exercises during the same period, and the third group performed the same lower limb exercise program during the same period. Before and after intervention, quality of life and forward head angle were measured using the SF-36 scale and the Photogrammetry. In data analysis, the significance level was p<0. 05. Results: All three groups showed a significant difference before and after intervention on the quality of life scale (p<0. 05) and forward head angle (p<0. 05). A comparison of the data between three groups regarding the quality of life scale and forward head angle showed a significant difference before and after the training period, also the results showed that the improvement in upper and lower combinations was more than the other two groups. Conclusion: Upper and lower extremity correction exercises have an effect on the quality of life and forward head angle in people with upper crossover syndrome. Therefore, occupational therapies may improve the program of lower and upper limb combined exercises in treatment of affected patients.

Purpose: Patient portals play an important role in the health care management, especially in chronic diseases, such as diabetes. The aim of this study is to examine the perspectives of diabetic patients on the use of health portals. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2017. The statistical population included 145 diabetic patients referring to a diabetes center in Mashhad for a four-month period. The data collection instrument was a valid and reliable questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics in the SPSS v. 16 software. Results: In this study, the majority of participants were female (50. 3%). The mean age of the participants was 40 years. The results showed that 70. 3% of the patients agreed with the role of health portals in facilitating the communication between physician and patient. Moreover, 67. 6% of patients agreed with the usefulness of the diabetes portal and 64. 1% of them agreed with its appropriateness as a substitute for the patient interaction with the health care provider. In the present study, the most important expectations of diabetic patients of the health portal included prescription rewrite by the physician without the presence of the patient, assessment of the laboratory tests results and patient self-assessment of the health status. Conclusions: Patient involvement in the health care will have a significant impact on the improved quality of the care, and health portals can play a crucial role in this regard. Furthermore, if patients are expected to participate in their treatment process, more information about their attitudes, needs, experiences, and awareness of the health portals is needed.

Purpose: Warm-up programs are one of the most commonly used prevention programs in various sports. The most famous warmup training program is the FIFA 11+ for soccer which has been well researched in different sports. However, the mechanism of the effect of these exercises is still unclear, and this study examines the kinematic changes in landing after jumping by intervention of the modified FIFA 11+ program. Methods: In this semi-experimental study, 48 young and adult elite handball players were selected in the national league and randomly assigned into the equal training and control groups. The training group performed routine exercise and modified FIFA 11+, while the control group had only their routines exercises. Using the force plate and the Opti-Track camera, and the passive markers located on the landmarks of the body, by using MATLAB program, the trunk and knee flexion angles on the sagittal plane and the knee valgus angle on the frontal plate during the landing from the vertical jump at initial contact and whole landing time were analyzed. Results: The modified 11+ training program had a significant effect on landing kinematic factors including increased flexion angle of the trunk and knee flexion and reduction of knee valgus angle in the training group. Comparing the two groups in post-test analysis, the flexion angles of the trunk and knee valgus angle were significantly different between the training group and the control group. Conclusion: The warm up and prevention program of FIFA 11+ with increase trunk flexion have an effect on lower limb muscle activation, resulting in more energy absorption and less force transmitted to the knee. By increasing the angle of knee flexion, reduces the shear forces and thus reduces pressure on the knee ligaments. Also, with the reduction of the valgus knee angle, the valgus load is reduced and all of these factors can be the cause of reducing the incidence and reduce the severity of injuries to the lower extremities, especially the knee.

Purpose: To determine the distribution of corneal topographic patterns measured by Pentacam in a rural population based on age and gender. Methods: In this cross sectional population based study, two different rural regions in Iran were randomly selected, by random cluster sampling. Detailed optometric examination including – refraction (objective and subjective), visual acuity assessment and slit lamp evaluation and Pentacam topography were conducted for all participants. Results: Corneal topographic maps of 794 rural cases were evaluated. The mean age of patients was 32. 1+18. 53 years. A total of 398 patients (51. 1%) were male and 396 patients (49. 9%) were female. The most prevalent topographic pattern was Symmetric Bowtie (21. 6%) and after that Superior Steepening (17. 9%) and the more rare patterns were Asymmetric Bowtie with Skewed Radial Axis (AB-SRAX) (3%) and Round (5. 6%). The most prevalent topographic patterns in age range from 5-20yr were Oval and Symmetric bowtie (25. 9), in 21-40yr was Symmetric bowtie (27. 8) and-in >40yr was the Irregular pattern (18. 6). Conclusions: This study showed us an important information about corneal topographic patterns of Iranian rural population for the first time. Our result showed that Symmetric bowtie was the most prevalent and skewed radial axis was the rarest topographic pattern. Using this finding can help us in diagnosing and treating the corneal disorders.

Propose: For the measurement of symptoms of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, questionnaires and neuropsychology scales are being used. This study aimed to investigate the validity and reliability measurement of the cognitive-motor functions test in ADHD. Methods: A number of 36 children were selected (age range: 6-12 years, mean age 9. 12± 2. 38 years old) with lack in comorbid who referred to Counseling and Psychological Clinical Shenakht Center of Isfahan city. All children were asked to fill the parent and teacher Conner’ s questionnaires and recorded cognitive-motor functions measurement tests. Correlations between parent, teacher Conner’ s subscales and cognitive-motor functions test were investigated. Results: The results of Pearson correlation coefficient showed that there is a significant relation between commission error in cognitive-motor functions test and hyperactivity subscales in Conner’ s parent (r=0. 93, p<0. 01) and teacher (r=0. 91, p<0. 01) questionnaire. The relationship between omission error with inattention subscales of Conner’ s parent (r=0. 83, p<0. 01) and teacher (r=0. 90, P<0. 01) questionnaire were also significant. Also there are significant correlations between reaction time and opposition subscale (impulsivity) of Conner’ s parent (r=0. 92, p<0. 01) and teacher (r=0. 82, p<0. 01) questionnaire. Conclusion: The current study showed strong correlation between Conner’ s questionnaires scales and cognitive-motor functions test in ADHD. So, this tool was used for diagnostic of this disorder parallel with the other questionnaires and neuropsychology.

Purpose: Many theories have been raised about the relationship between stuttering and language development. Some researchers have studied the effect of linguistic factors in stuttering. The aim of the present investigation was to compare syntactic features of receptive and expressive languages between children who stutter and normal children. Methods: The present study is a case-control study. Participants included 21 stutter and 21 non-stutter children aged 4 to 9 years. The evaluation of syntactic features in the two groups was done using the Syntax section of Test of Language Development (TOLD). Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to verify the normality of the data. After confirmation of the normality of the data, independent t-test was used to compare the sub-tests measured between stuttering and non-stuttering groups. The value of p<0. 05 was considered significant. Results: The mean standard scores in grammatical understanding subtest between the two groups were similar and showed no significant difference. However, the mean of standard scores in sentence imitation and grammatical completion subtests between two groups were significantly different (p ≤ 0/005). Conclusions: According to the results of this study, children who stutter have lower expression language than normal children. This finding is corresponded with this fact that language proficiency level is effective on the incidence of stuttering.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between Functional Movement Screen (FMS) and risk factors and ability to predict injuries in male and female athletes. Methods: Fifty-five students of physical education and sport sciences (32 male, 23 female, age=19. 22 ± 0. 91 yrs. height = 170. 05 ± 8. 56 cm) were objectively selected to participate in this research. To evaluate the quality of the movements FMS was used. To evaluate injury risk factors some standard tests such as; medicine ball throw, agility t-test, vertical jump, Y balance, 45-m sprint and V-sit flexibility tests were used. Pearson correlation and logistic regression were used for data analysis (p≤ 0. 05). Results: Logistic regression indicated that students with FMS scores≤ 14, 4. 12 time higher than the other students (FMS>14) supposed to lower extremities injuries (p=0. 012). Pearson correlations showed that FMS had significantly negative correlation whit agility and sprint (p< 0. 05). Also, FMS had significantly positive correlation whit vertical jump, Y balance and V-sit flexibility (p< 0. 05). But, FMS did not have significant correlation whit medicine ball throw (p>0. 05). According to FMS scores, 67% of the subjects were supposed to increase risk of injury. Conclusion: Therefore, the FMS test can be used as a predictor of lower body sport injuries. It is also a suitable tool to assess athletic physical performance, before and after participating in sports.

Purpose: The data is a foundation for decision-making in health care and must be organized in databases. Database has a vital role in application of intelligent systems such as data mining and data warehousing in healthcare area. Given the importance of coronary heart disease, this study executes design and implementation of database for coronary heart disease. Methods: This study was an applied-developed one to design of coronary heart disease database to organize data and implement it in the Microsoft SQL. After the identification and characterization of the requirements, the database system designs and explains its architecture. To implement the system interface, the Visual Studio and C # programming language were used. Finally, the system was evaluated. Results: After recording the 350 data files in the database, according to statements made to the program, different queries were requested from the system. The proposed system in this study captured the risk factors affecting the incidence of coronary artery disease as an input and facilitate applied statistics and provided necessary processing on the data. Conclusion: The designed database in this study can help to store, access, retrieve and compare patient information, and ultimately leads to timely diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Furthermore, the designed database is to meet the needs of users.

Purpose: Knee osteoarthritis is the most common disease among female that can cause complications such as pain and postural instability. Therefore, it is very important to find the best way for reducing pain and improving balance in these patients. According to the benefits of Pilates trainings, in the current study, the effect of Pilates trainings on pain and posture stability was investigated in female with Osteoarthritis. Methods: Twenty-six female with Osteoarthritis with mean age of 54. 61 years were selected and randomly assigned into two groups, 13 subjects as experimental (high: 158± 5 cm, weight: 70. 71± 7. 89 kg) and 13 subjects as control groups (high: 154± 6 cm, weight: 70. 38± 8. 30 kg). Before and after 8 weeks of Pilates trainings, postural stability and pain were measured with Biodex Stability System and Visual analogue scale, respectively. Repeated measures ANOVA was used for statistical analysis. Results: Significant reduce in pain intensity (P =0. 019) and significant increase in balance index (P=0. 002) were observed in experimental group. Furthermore, significant reduce in pain intensity (P=0. 001) and significant increase in balance index (P=0. 001) were showed in experimental group compared to the control group. Conclusion: It maybe concluded that the Pilates training has a positive effect on reducing pain and increasing postural stability. These trainings may be beneficial to the patients with osteoarthritis.

Diabetes is one of the most common metabolic disorders and one of the main public health concerns in the world. Diabetes causes significant central nervous system complications, which results in important functional damages. Small neurological disorders caused by diabetes are not detectable in neurological routine examinations. Eye movement analysis is a good way to diagnose brain lesions, saccadic reflexes testing has become especially useful in detecting the central nervous system pathology. Diabetes can cause disturbances on saccadic and pursuit eye movement, such as decreasing the accuracy and increasing the delay time of saccade movements and reducing the speed of movement of the pursuit. This can show damage to the central nervous system in diabetic patients. Also, asymmetry in saccadic and optokinetic movements in diabetic indicates that diabetes can cause eye movement impairment by damaging the function of brain stem and the cerebellum and basal ganglion cells. These tests could be useful to diagnose early complications of central nervous system diabetes in these patients. The aim of this study was to review studies that have evaluated the effect of diabetes on eye movement. The article shows the results of the articles presented in different data bases such as Google Scholar, Web of Science, PubMed search engines from 1948 to 2016. In this review, quantitative and qualitative peer reviewed evidences with regard to inclusion and exclusion criteria, have been gathered, summarized, discussed and concluded.