Preventive Care in Nursing and Midwifery Journal
Year:2022 | Volume:12 | Issue:4|Papers Count:8

Background: Internet is an important source of online health information seeking. Middle-aged people, may face more health-threatening challenges if they lack seeking skills. Therefore, the evaluation of seeking skills on health information in middle-aged people needs to be further studied. Objectives: The purpose of this paper was to examine the Online Health Information-Seeking Skills (OHISS) and its related factors in middle-aged people. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted in 2021 on 430 middle-aged people in Kashan. Participants were selected with the cluster-random method. The data were collected using the Online Health Information Seeking Skills scale (OHISS), Social Participation, and Attitude General Technology questionnaires. The data were analyzed using t-test, Pearson's correlation, and liner regression using SPSS 16. 0 statistical software. Results: The mean (SD) age of participants was 47. 69 (5. 96) years old. The mean (SD) score of OHISS was 60. 31 (20. 86) on a scale of 0 to 100. Pearson correlation coefficients showed a positive correlation between OHISS with technology attitude (r= 0. 45, p<0. 001), and social participation (r= 0. 17, p=0. 003), and a negative correlation with age (r=-0. 22, p<0. 001). There was a significant relationship between OHISS and education (t=-3. 97, p<0. 001), and was no significant relationship with gender, marital status, occupational status, and income (p>0. 05). Liner regarrison analysis shows that age, education, and technology attitude explained 30% of the OHISS variance in middle-aged people. Conclusion: Internet skills are the key to achieving online health information. Assessing the level of skills and its predictors can be an intervention guide for health policymakers to prevent health inequalities and help maintain or improve the health of middle-aged people.

Background: Diabetes is a chronic and progressive metabolic disease with profound effects on mental health. Objectives: This study aimed to determine diabetic distress status and its relationship with some demographic characteristics and clinical outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: This study was part of a larger study on psychological adjustment and diabetic distress. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and a standard 17-item tool for measuring diabetic distress and were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics, including mean (standard deviation), independent t-test, analysis of variance, and Pearson correlation coefficient, in SPSS version 22 software. Results: The mean (SD) of distress score in patients with type 2 diabetes was 2. 12 (0. 75). The prevalence of distress worthy of clinical attention was 11. 4%. Regarding distress dimensions, the highest mean distress score was related to the emotional burden dimension 2. 82 (1. 06), and the lowest mean score was obtained in the dimension of interpersonal distress 1. 48 (0. 84). The overall distress score was significantly associated with hospitalization history (P ≤, 0. 001) and history of diabetes-related problems (P=0. 001). Also, the total distress score was significantly related to physical complications of diabetes (P=0. 001), type of treatment (P=0. 001), and occupation (P=0. 018). The overall distress score significantly correlated with monthly income (r=-0. 171, P=0. 001), disease duration (r=0. 268, P=0. 001), and HbA1c level (r=0. 115, P=0. 032). Conclusion: Since the level of distress shows interindividual variations and is influenced by demographic, clinical, and social features, it is recommended that those in charge of providing care to diabetic patients consider individualized distress coping training for patients with diabetes.

Background: Self-care ability is a determinant factor in managing the daily lives of the elderly. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate self-care ability in the elderly and related factors. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, elderly people admitted to educational and medical hospitals in Zanjan in 2021 were selected by convenience sampling and 175 people over 60 years old evaluated with questionnaire including demographic information and self-care ability scale for elderly. Mean (standard deviation), frequency (percentage) and independent sample t-test were used to analyze data in SPSS 23. Results: The mean (SD) score of elderly self-care in this study was 53. 86 (1. 41). The results showed that self-care ability is low in most participants (68%). Women have significantly higher self-care ability than men (P=0. 018). With increased age, Self-care ability decreased (P=0. 0001). In illiterate and lower educated people, self-care ability is significantly lower (P=0. 0001), and also rural residents have significantly less self-care ability than urban residents (P=0. 0001). Elderly people who were married (P=0. 0001) and had a source of income (P=0. 0001) had a better level of self-care. Conclusion: Self-care ability is low in most elderly people, and self-care ability is worse in men, illiterate people, and villagers and self-care ability decreases with increasing age. It is suggested that simple programs be developed according to the age and level of literacy of the elderly.

Background: Teaching and evaluating fetal development are essential for evaluating maternal and fetal health in the midwifery profession. Objectives: The present study was carried out to examine the validity and reliability of the fetal Development Assessment Information Scale (FDAIS). Methods: The study data were collected online between March 25 and May 15, 2021, via social media accounts of midwifery students with convenience sampling. 410 midwifery students were included in the study. The data were analyzed using SPSS-AMOS software version 20, descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, frequency, and frequency percentage), Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). The suitability of the data for factor analysis was investigated by the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin coefficient and by Barlett’, s test of sphericity. Results: The content validity index of the draft scale was 87%. Kaiser Meyer Olkin test value was 0. 927, and the sample was found to be adequate and appropriate. On the other hand, the Bartlett test was obtained as χ, 2(253) =2648, 074 p<0. 001, and it was accepted that the scale fulfilled the requirements for exploratory factor analysis. The scale took its final form and consisted of 23 items and one dimension due to the exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. The total percentage of variance explained was 36, 50%. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the scale was 0. 89 high. According to the results of the CFA analysis, when the FDAIS goodness-of-fit indexes are examined,RMSEA 0. 046,While it shows acceptable agreement with χ, 2,GFI 0. 916,CFI 0. 918,It was found that it was in perfect agreement with (p=0. 000). Conclusion: According to the findings, the Fetal Development Assessment Information Scale (FDAIS) is a valid and reliable measurement tool for undergraduate midwifery students in Turkey and can be used in studies.

Background: Technicians working in the emergency medical services (EMS) ward face more cases of moral distress due to the nature of their work. The consequences of moral distress include decreased self-confidence, job burnout, job dissatisfaction, and depression. One of the solutions to deal effectively with stressors is coping. The ability to adjust can be affected by much exposure to stressors. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between moral distress and coping in technicians working in the EMS ward. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2021 on 494 technicians working in EMS bases in East Azerbaijan province. Sampling was performed by stratified random method. Data collection tools were the demographic characteristics questionnaire, the Corely moral distress scale (MDS), and the Littman's Cope inventory. In addition, data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson’, s correlation coefficient. Results: The results of the study showed that the mean (SD) score of the frequency of moral distress was 47. 21 (17. 24), the severity of moral distress was 47. 44 (19. 63), and coping was 38. 81 (4. 82). The severity of moral distress (r=-0. 14 and p=0. 004) and the frequency of moral distress (r=-0. 19 and p=0. 001) were observed to have inverse and significant statistical relationships to coping in EMS technicians. Conclusion: Considering that there is a significant inverse relationship between moral distress and coping of EMS technicians, it seems that by providing solutions to control the moral distress of these staff, it is possible to improve their adjustment and, consequently, their job capabilities.

Background: Clinical environments are one of the most effective areas for acquiring the clinical skills of nursing students. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the actual and preferential clinical learning environments. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from March 1, 2019, to February 6, 2020 in Zanjan province. Samples included 380 nursing students who had the experience of one semester of internship were entered the study by stratified random sampling. Data collection tools were the Demographic Profile Questionnaire and Clinical Learning Environment Inventory (CLEI). The range of CLEI scores in both actual and preference learning environments is equal to 42-168. We analyzed data using SPSS software, version 22. 0. We used descriptive and inferential statistics included independent t-test and one-way ANOVA to analyze the data. A significance level of 0. 05 was considered. Results: The mean (SD) score of the actual clinical learning environment was 109. 50(12. 25), and the preferred learning environment was 131. 08 (14. 54). The difference between the two variables was statistically significant (t=22. 39, P<0. 001). There was a difference in the mean of some dimensions of the nursing students' preference and actual forms of clinical learning environment based on educational grade, different internships. Conclusion: There is a significant difference between the actual learning environment and students' expectations. This finding emphasizes the need for attention by managers and decision-makers in nursing education to change and improve the clinical learning environment.

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the most common sexually transmissible infection, which has a key role in the development of cervical cancer. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the level of awareness/knowledge among medical, nursing and midwifery students about HPV infection and its vaccine in Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences (AJUMS) in 2020. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 181 medical, nursing and midwifery students who were selected based on convenience sampling. Students' awareness/knowledge were assessed through a validated questionnaire consisted of 15 correct and incorrect questions with a score range of 0-15. Data were analyzed using Chi-square test and logistic regression by SPSS-18. Results: The mean (SD) of age of the participants was 25. 4 (1. 84) years, and the majority of them were female (60. 2%) and single (79. 6%). Overall, the students' awareness/knowledge score about HPV was 66. 92 (22. 8) (out of 100). The mean (SD) of awareness/knowledge of female students was higher than male students 68. 8 (18. 5) vs 64. 1 (28. 1), but there was no statistically significant (p=0. 210). The awareness/knowledge among the medical students was significantly higher than that of the nursing and midwifery students (t179=7. 17, p˂, 0. 001). Significant odds ratio (OR) for predictors to good awareness/knowledge were higher age (OR=0. 76, p = 0. 023), higher grade point average (OR=1. 49, p=0. 030), and medical students' group (OR=17. 31, p˂, 0. 001). Conclusion: Although the awareness/knowledge of students in this study was above average, which highlights the need for education measures to improve awareness/knowledge of students regarding HPV, since they will be future health care providers in society.

Background: The social image of nursing includes the beliefs and perceptions that people have about nursing. Due to their direct communication with nurses, hospitalized patients can provide a more realistic image of nursing. Objectives: This study was conducted to ascertain the most important sources of the public image of nursing from the perspective of patients hospitalized in Zanjan-Iran hospitals. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 698 patients hospitalized in Zanjan hospitals in July 2021. The subjects were recruited by the census sampling method. A demographic information checklist and a researcher-made questionnaire for nursing image resources were used to collect the data. The data were analyzed using SPSS 16 software, descriptive statistics, and the Chi-square tes. Results: Most of the participants were female (54%), and the mean (standard deviation) age of the participants was 45. 01 (16. 8) years. Of the participants, 63. 75% identified "presence in the hospital as a patient or a companion" as the most important source of the nursing image. Also, the sources of the nursing image from the perspective of patients varied significantly regarding variables such as age, sex, education, occupation, history of hospitalization, having a nurse among family members, interest in nursing and type of hospital. (P<0. 05). Conclusion: The most important source of the nursing image from the patients’,perspective was "presence in the hospital as a patient or a companion". As patients can be an important source for transferring the nursing image to society, plans should be implemented to improve their relationship with nurses so that a correct and positive image of nursing can be propagated in society.