Medical Journal of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Year:2022 | Volume: | Issue: |Papers Count:41

Introduction: Given that tuberculosis infection is present in one-quarter of the world's population and is more likely to convert to tuberculosis, especially at a young age, its diagnosis and prevention is an important part of the World Health Organization's (WHO) program. The aim of this study is to evaluate the frequency of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in different age groups of family members of pulmonary tuberculosis patients in two provinces of Iran with a high prevalence of tuberculosis during 18 months. Materials and Methods: Family members of confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis patients were followed up as a retrospective and prospective study in the cities of Gorgan and Zabol at 0, 3, 12 and 18 months after the starting the study. LTBI was diagnosed by using the QuantiFERON test kit and the Tuberculin skin test (TST). Results: The number of LTBI cases based on QFT or TST was 354 (52. 99%) in the whole study and 33. 33% in children under 5 years old. Positive cases of TST, QFT and LTBI in the age group over 18 years were significantly different with 5 to 18 years and less than 5 years, while there was no significant difference between the age groups of less than 5 years and 5 to 18 years. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that most cases of infection occur before the diagnosis of the index case or in the first phase of study, and there is no significant difference between the diagnosis with TST or QFT.

Introduction: The studies have demonstrated that Signal transduction and activation of transcription (STATs) play a major role in atherosclerotic plaque disruption and lead to myocardial infarction (MI). The present study was done to investigate the association between the STAT4 gene polymorphism in site of rs3024839 with the risk of developing MI in an Iranian population. Materials and Methods: This is a case-control study. The possible association between STAT4 polymorphism (SLC6A4) with the development of MI was investigate in a group of 200 patients with a history of MI and 200 healthy controls. The two groups were matched in terms of TCe and sex. After DNA extraction and replication, Genotypes and alleles frequency were determined in two groups using polymerase chain reaction (PCR-ARMS). The results were analyzed by SPSS software using Chi-square and logistic regression tests. Results: The result showed a significant difference in the rates of TC STAT4 genotype between MI and control groups (p=0. 03). There was not any significant relationship between STAT4 gene polymorphisms and risk factor of MI such as sex, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, type of MI (STEMI or NSTEMI) (P>0. 05). Conclusion: The results of presented study reveal that the rs3024839 T/C polymorphism of the STAT4 gene probably plays a specific role in the risk of developing MI in Iranian population. But, further well-designed studies with large sample sizes are required to confirm our results.

Introduction: Addiction is a type of social damage that has extensive mental and physical disorders and imposes a lot of costs on societies. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of short-term cognitive behavioral group therapy and brief intervention on improving emotional emotion-focused coping skills of addicts covered by Ahvaz harm reduction centers. Materials and Methods: This study is a semi-experimental study with pre-test, post-test and follow-up stage. From two Ahwaz harm reduction centers, a simple random center was selected. After sampling and estimating the sample size, 80 subjects were selected and the groups were randomly divided into three groups (two experimental groups and one control group). Carver's coping strategies questionnaire was used to collect data. In this study, data analysis was performed using SPSS-20 software and variance analysis test and a significant level less than 0. 05 was considered. Results: The results showed that cognitive-behavioral group therapy had an effect on increasing problem-oriented coping style as much as brief intervention. Also, brief intervention had a significant effect on social emotional support, positive evaluation, religious aid and had no effect on acceptance, denial and humor. Cognitive behavioral group therapy had no effect on emotion-focused coping style components. Conclusion: It can be concluded that cognitive-behavioral group therapy and brief intervention were effective in improving the emotional coping skills of addicts covered by Ahvaz harm reduction centers.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to mediate the role of job characteristics in the relationship between job satisfaction and self-efficacy in job decision making in employees of Islamic Azad University of West Mazandaran. Materials and Methods: This study was a correlational study and the study population included the staff of West Mazandaran Azad University. Using relative class sampling method, 500 people were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data collection tools were researcher-made self-efficacy questionnaire, Satisfied Job Characteristics Questionnaire (2011) and Minnesota Job Satisfaction Questionnaire. Results: Analysis of data using structural equation modeling showed that between job satisfaction and self-efficacy in job decision making with a coefficient of 0. 54, between job characteristics and self-efficacy in job decision making with a coefficient of 0. 84 and between job satisfaction and job characteristics with a coefficient of 0. 66 there are 0 relationships. Conclusion: As a result, there is a relationship between job satisfaction and self-efficacy in job decision making with the mediating role of job characteristics. The results of this study indicate the need to pay attention to promoting job satisfaction in employees of the Islamic Azad University of West Mazandaran.

Introduction: Hypothyroidism is one of the most common endocrin disorders. in many country autoimmune hypothyroidism is the most cause of overt hypothyroidism. Base of above point and common prevalence of hypothyroidism in our population we decide to evaluate the relationship between selenium (micronutrient with immune effect) and anti thyroid proxidase antibody and if there is relation ship we recommende selenium therapy in auto immune hypothyroidism. Materials and Methods: A double blind and placebo-controlled prospective study was performed in50 auto immune hypothyroid patients. all patients that referred to endocrinology clinic of Ghaem hospital and obtain entry condition and informed consent were randomly assigned to intervention and control group with table of random number. Physical examination and review of system were done and Serum concentrations of anti TPO Ab, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (free t4) were measured at baseline and after 3 months of follow-up. . intervention group take 200 Mcg selenium capsule and 50-100 Mcg Levothyroxin(base on patient BMI) per day. control group take placebo(wheat bran) and 50-100 Mcg Levothyroxin(base on patient BMI)per day. Serum concentrations of anti TPO Ab, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (free t4) were measured at baseline and after 3 months of follow-up. Results: 50 patients include 11 males and 39 females with mean ages (36/42), TSH: 22. 21 mu/l, anti TPO Ab: 424. 78 IU/ml, free T4: 0. 829 ng/dl. there in no significant differences in TSH(p=0/165 ), anti TPO Ab(p=0/727), free T4(p=0/785) after intervention between 2 groups. Conclusion: Selenium had some effect on thyroid function testes such as TSH and anti TPO Ab suppresion with T4 elevation but there is no significant differences in 2 groups.

Introduction: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of treatment based on Adler lifestyle and hope therapy on psychological cohesion and empathy in patients with multiple sclerosis in Tehran. The study method was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test-follow-up design with a control group. Materials and Methods: The statistical population of this study included all men and women with multiple sclerosis who had filed in the Tehran MS Association. Using the available sampling method, 45 patients were selected and randomly and equally divided into three groups hope therapy, Adler-based lifestyle therapy and control group. Data collection tools were Antonovsky's (1993) Mental Cohesion Scale and the Self-compassion scale Neff (2003). The experimental groups underwent eight two-hour sessions of hope therapy intervention and Adler lifestyle intervention and the control group did not receive any intervention. Results: Data analysis using multivariate analysis of covariance showed that hope therapy is effective on psychological cohesion and empathy in patients with multiple sclerosis (P <0. 01). Adler lifestyle therapy is effective on psychological cohesion and empathy in patients with multiple sclerosis (P <0. 01). These results were maintained during the follow-up period. Conclusion: Counselors and psychotherapists are advised to use these therapies in the long run to increase the psychological cohesion and empathy of patients with multiple sclerosis.

Introduction: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy on self-control, difficulty in emotion regulation, resilience and psychological resilience in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Materials and Methods: The research was quasi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with control and follow-up groups. The statistical population of this study was all patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder referred to psychotherapy centers in Babol in the spring of 1400. Among the psychotherapy centers in Babol, four centers were considered and according to the clinical diagnosis with DSM5 criterion, 30 patients had obsessive-compulsive disorder. 30 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder were purposefully selected and randomly assigned to an experimental group (15 people) and a control group (15 people). Data collection tools were a self-control questionnaire, emotion difficulty questionnaire, resilience questionnaire and psychological flexibility questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS-21 software and statistical tests of analysis of variance with repeated measures and post hoc tests Results: Findings showed that cognitive-behavioral therapy affects self-control, difficulty in emotion regulation, resilience and psychological flexibility in clients with practical obsession. Conclusion: Conclusion: Based on the findings of the research, it can be concluded that cognitive behavioral therapy is an effective treatment for increasing self-control, reducing the difficulty of emotion regulation, increasing resilience and psychological flexibility in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder.

Introduction: Body deformity disorder is a chronic and distressing condition that can lead to severe social, occupational, educational and family problems. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of commitment-based acceptance treatment on flexibility and perfectionism of physical appearance in body deformity disorder. Materials and Methods: In a quasi-experimental study of pre-test-post-test-follow-up designs with a control group, 30 female students with deformity who are studying at the Islamic Azad University of Tehran University of Medical Sciences during the months of November to January 2017 were selected by available sampling method. Subjects were then randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups through Excel Office software. The experimental group (n = 15) underwent commitment-based admission treatment for 8 weekly sessions of 90 minutes each session. The flexibility questionnaire and the Physical Appearance Perfectionism Questionnaire (PAPS) were collected in three baseline stages after quarterly intervention and follow-up. Data were entered in SPSS statistical software version 21 and analyzed using repeated measures multivariate analysis of variance. Results: The results showed that the group undergoing commitment-based acceptance treatment, the mean score of flexibility and perfectionism of physical appearance was significantly lower than the control group (P <0. 001). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that commitment-based acceptance therapy can be effective in improving the perfectionism of physical appearance and flexibility in students with deformity.

Introduction: Micro-RNAs are effective in inflicting diabetes type II and its side effects. The Purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of High Intensity Interval Training & thyme honey on expression of the genes of the hepatic miR-423-5P-FAM3A-AKt2 pathway in rats. Materials and Methods: A total of 36 male rats were fed with high-fat diets for 20 weeks and were then injected streptozotocin (25 mg/kg) in order to inflict diabetes type II. The 36 rats were then divided into four groups: Control, regular exercise group, nutritional intervention group and exercise with nutritional intervention group. Regular exercise included five sessions a week for eight weeks and nutritional intervention was done at a dosage of 3 g/kg of thyme honey using a gauge method. The amount of expression of miR-423-5P, mRNA FAM3A and mRNA AKt2 genes of the liver were assessed using RT-PCR and evaluation kits. The obtained findings were analyzed using the two-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test. Results: Expression of the miR-423-5P gene was significantly lower in all groups compared to control, expression of mRNA FAM3 had insignificant increase and expression of mRNA AKt2 had a significant increase in groups of regular exercise and exercise with nutritional intervention. This gene had an insignificant increase of expression in the group with only nutritional intervention. (p value<0. 05). Conclusion: It seems that HIIT & consumption of thyme honey, both alone and interactively with greater effectiveness, can change in expression of the mentioned gene in liver of rats with diabetes type II.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on psychological well-being and emotion regulation in men with bulimia nervosa. The research method was semi-experimental. Materials and Methods: The statistical population in this study included all men with bulimia nervosa referred to the Iranian Turbo eating association who have been diagnosed with bulimia nervosa by a psychiatrist. The sample size was 15 for each sample group according to the test power (0. 80), effect size (0. 50) and confidence level (0. 05). The experimental group was trained for 8 sessions per week for 1 session of 70 to 90 minutes. The research tool was Garnefski's Emotional Regulation Questionnaire and Reef Psychological Well-Being (2002). Data analysis was performed after examining statistical assumptions using multivariate covariance analysis using SPSS. 22 software. Results: The results of the analysis showed that acceptance and commitment intervention was effective on emotion regulation and psychological well-being (P<0. 001). Conclusion: It can be concluded that acceptance and commitment therapy is effective on psychological well-being and emotion regulation in men with bulimia nervosa and this treatment can be used to improve psychological problems in patients with bulimia nervosa.

Introduction: The present study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of compassion-based therapy and attachment-based compassion therapy on meta-worry and eating patterns in diabetics. Materials and Methods: The research method was a full-experimental control group type with pre-test, post-test and three-month follow-up. The statistical population of this study included all patients with diabetes who referred to Alborz Diabetes Association (Ferdis Diabetes Subspecialty Clinic) and had an active file in Fardis Karaj Diabetes Association in 2017. 44 qualified people were selected based on the entry and exit criteria and by available sampling method and were replaced in two experimental and one control groups. The data collection tool was Wells' anxiety questionnaire (1994) and Dutch eating habit questionnaire (Van Strein et al., 1986). Both the experimental group and the control group were pre-tested using research tools. Then, the intervention of compassion-based therapy and attachment therapy based on compassion therapy were each implemented during eight sessions for their own experimental groups. At the end of the interventions, both the experimental group and the control group were subjected to a post-test using the research tool. The data were analyzed using the mixed analysis of variance test. Results: The findings showed that the therapy based on compassion and attachment based on compassion therapy is effective on meta-worry and eating pattern in diabetic people (p<0. 01). Conclusion: It is suggested that in order to better adapt the patients to their social conditions and daily life, these two treatments should be used as a group both on the patients with diabetes and on their families.

In recent years, infections caused by gram-negative organisms that produce carbapenemase enzymes (CPO) have become one of the global health challenges and concerns. Rapid and accurate identification of gram-negative organisms that produce the carbapenemase enzyme can be effective in controlling infectious diseases and their timely treatment. Over the years, an increasing number of phenotypic methods have been developed to rapidly detect the activity of gram-negative carbapenemases. However, there is no single phenotypic method that has 100% sensitivity and specificity and contains all the characteristics of an ideal test for the detection of carbapenemase enzymes. The choice of an appropriate methodological approach depends on various factors such as epidemiological status, laboratory resources, and the availability of other confirmatory tests. According to what has been studied in this research, there are user-friendly, cost-effective, accurate, and applicable tests in clinical microbiology laboratories. In this review study, various phenotypic methods have been evaluated for detecting carbapenemase activity in gram-negative bacteria.

Introduction: Gender dysphoria is a strong and persistent desire of the patient to be in the role and position of the opposite sex. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the demographic, biological, familial, and psychosocial factors affecting the incidence of gender dysphoria. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed among transgender applicants referred to the Forensic Medicine Organization of Khorasan Razavi Province during 2015-2019, of which 238 people participated in the study by available sampling. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire with an interview. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21 software and descriptive statistics methods (frequency and percentage). Results: Most of the female transgender applicants were single, aged 18-22, with a diploma, unemployed, with the predominant right hand with a history of self-harm and drug use. The highest frequency was reported in biological factors related to pregnancy stress, level of activity in childhood, history of severe trauma to the fetus and use of hormonal drugs by the mother. In family factors, the highest frequency is related to the average and poor socio-economic status of the family, normal and cold relations of parents with each other, parents' advisory role in life decisions, normal and cold relationship of parents with role models, being the last child, having at least one sister And a brother and the birth of a child of the opposite sex before the birth of the sample, education and occupation were respectively diploma and free for fathers and diploma and housewife for mothers and a history of psychiatric problems in parents. In psychosocial factors, most of the factors include reminding others about the similarity of behavior and personality to the opposite sex, feeling similar to the opposite sex, achieving real identity, imitating the opposite sex behaviors, playing and intimacy with heterosexuals, parents' lack of attention to doing Games of the opposite sex, contact with a heterosexual parent as a child, practical suicide attempts for being trans and damaging the primary genitals, and other cases. Conclusion: Based on the research findings, it can be hoped that by educating and informing families and individuals in the community about the problem of gender dysphoria of this group of people and how to deal with them properly with the aim of supporting families with children with gender dysphoria and rejection Failure to do so, appropriate financial and social support of transgender organizations to perform gender reassignment surgery and the treatments needed by this segment of society, to take appropriate action to reduce their social problems and harms.

Introduction: Neuromuscular connection and synaptic transmission to all types of skeletal muscles may be affected by physical training. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of a period of high intensity interval training (HIIT) on the expression of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the soleus muscle of male rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 12 male Wistar rats weighing 200-220 grams were randomly placed into two training and control groups. HIIT training consisted of 6 to 12 repetitions of 2-minute interval training, with a one-minute rest between each repetition. Training was designed for 5 days a week and 6 weeks. The conditions of the control group were similar to the training group, but they did not exercise. 48 hours after the last training session, the rats were anesthetized by the standard method, sacrificed and the soleus muscle tissue of all the rats was extracted, then Western blotting was used to determine the level of CGRP expression. The independent t-test was used to check the significant difference between the control and HIIT groups. A significance level of p<0. 05 was considered. Results: Statistical findings for CGRP receptor protein expression values showed that the implementation of 6 weeks of HIIT training protocol increased the expression of CGRP protein compared to the control group,This value was not statistically significant (p=0. 078). Conclusion: Despite the increase in the expression of CGRP in the soleus muscle of rats, it seems that doing 6 weeks of HIIT training is not enough to cause a significant change in the expression of the CGRP gene in the soleus muscle of rats, and it should be Longer protocols should be used.

Introduction: The immune system acts as the body's defense mechanism against invasion, protecting people through a variety of cellular and molecular mechanisms. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of intense intermittent exercise and fenugreek supplementation on some immune system indices in overweight and obese women. Materials and Methods: In this semi-experimental study (RCT), (age range, 25±, 5 years and BMI, 30±, 2. 5kg/m2), were selected purposefully and Using Power software, they were divided into four groups of exercise + fenugreek supplement(n=12), exercise + placebo(n=12), fenugreek supplement(n=12) and placebo(n=12). The exercise group + fenugreek supplement and exercise + placebo performed the shuttle thigh test at maximum speed for 6 weeks, 3 sessions per week. The fenugreek and placebo supplement group did not participate in any sport program. Blood samples (for assessment of Leukocytes, lymphocytes and immunoglobulins levels) were collected before, immediately after training. Data were analyzed using Shapro wick test, one-way analysis of variance, dependent t-test and Scheffe post hoc at a significant level (p< 0. 05). Results: In this study, IGM, IGA and lymphocyte levels changed meaning and IgG and leukocyte levels increased significantly after 6 weeks of intense intermittent training and fenugreek supplementation (p <0. 05). Conclusion: Based on the results of the current study, High-intensity interval training and fenugreek supplementation affects the levels of immunoglobulins, lymphocytes and leukocytes.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to model marital conflicts based on attachment styles with the mediating role of early maladaptive schema domains in women on the verge of divorce. Materials and Methods: The research method was descriptive and the type of study was correlational. The statistical population of women with marital conflicts was on the verge of divorce in Tehran, who had referred to family counseling centers in the third district of Tehran from May to November 2016. The sampling method was multi-stage and the sample size was determined based on G Power 440 statistical software. Results: The structural model of predicting marital conflicts based on attachment styles with the mediating role of areas of early maladaptive schemas in women on the verge of divorce has a good fit. Among the attachment styles, only the avoidant attachment style affects marital conflict through the domain of exclusion and orientation of early maladaptive schemas, and the ambivalent attachment style affects marital conflict through the domain of deafness. Also between insecure attachment styles. Avoidance / ambivalence and early maladaptive schemas in the field of cut and rejection, self-management and dysfunction, impaired constraints, other orientation, excessive ringing and inhibition, but there is a negative relationship between secure attachment style and early maladaptive schemas. There is a reverse. Conclusion: Knowing the schemas helps to create solutions to change people's cognition and thoughts and leads to marital satisfaction by improving relationships.

Introduction: Borderline personality disorder is a severe and debilitating disorder that is estimated in one to two percent of the general population. According to this the aim of this study was to structurally model borderline personality disorder based on early life trauma, schema mentality and perception of maternal parenting with the role of mood mediator. Materials and Methods: The research method was descriptive-correlation modeling of structural equations. The statistical population of the study consisted of people with borderline personality disorder referred to medical centers (clinics and psychiatric hospitals) in Tehran in the years 1997-98 that 250 people were selected as a sample by purposive sampling. Data collection tools included Borderline Personality Scale (BPI) Questionnaire (1999), Mood Personality Questionnaire (TCI), Cloninger et al (1993), Child Abuse Experience Questionnaire (CASRS), Mohammadkhani et al (2003) and Mentality Questionnaire. Schematic (SMQ) and Perceived Parenting Methods Questionnaire (POPS) by Grolling et al (1997). Data analysis was performed by structural equation modeling (SEM) and using SPSS24 and AMOS23 software. Results: The findings showed that mood plays a mediating role in the relationship between early life trauma and borderline personality. Mood mediates the relationship between schema mentality and borderline personality and mood mediates the relationship between maternal parenting and borderline personality (P <0. 05) Conclusion: The present study confirmed the role of mood, early life traumas, schema mentality and perceived parenting practices in explaining borderline personality disorder, which provide the theoretical basis for preventive programs to clinical professionals. Gives.

Introduction: Asthma is the most common chronic respiratory disease in children. The worldwide prevalence of asthma among children is steadily increasing. Most of the asthmatic patients are considered mild,however, 5-10% of patients suffer from severe disease leading to the limitation in daily activity and sleep disturbance as well as recurrent attacks. Asthma has a considerable impact on patients' quality of life, especially among severe asthmatic patients. This study was designed to evaluate the quality of life in 8-12-year-old asthmatic patients. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2017-2018 using the Persian version of PedsQLTM 4, 0 questionnaire. A total of 140 asthmatic patients who referred to allergy clinic in Bahonar hospital affiliated to Alborz University of Medical Sciences, were diagnosed by an allergist with 140 healthy children, as the control group, were enrolled. Data was analyzed using SPSS24 and P value less than 0. 05 was considered meaningful. Results: More than half of the patients and control group were boys (n=85,58. 6%). The mean total score of PedsQLTM 4, 0 in the asthmatic group was 23. 11 (SD=15. 60) comparing to 8. 96 (SD=9. 89) in the control group (P<0. 001). All different aspects of quality of life,physical performance, social function, emotional performance, and school performance were significantly lower in asthmatic group. The quality of life score was considerably lower in patients with a history of hospital admission and patients with high steps of asthma severity (P<0. 05). There was no significant difference in the score of PedsQLTM 4, 0 between girls and boys (P>0. 05). The functional capabilities have been shown to be impacted by asthma managing step. The most affected aspects in steps one to three were physical and emotional ones respectively. The social performance was affected more than school performance in steps 2 and 3. The most prevalent problems in step 4 were seen in emotional, physical, school and social performances respectively. Physical and emotional performances showed a significant difference among different groups regarding the disease severity (P<0. 05). Conclusion: Asthma has a significantly adverse effect on different aspects of children's quality of life including physical performance, social function, emotional performance and school performance in Karaj city.

Introduction: Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder is one of the most common psychological disorders in people that lasts from childhood to adulthood and in various aspects of a person's life, such as personal, social, professional life, executive function such as sustained attention and working memory. Disrupts. Numerous studies have shown a close association between persistent attention deficit and working memory deficits and attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder. The aim of this study was to study the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and cognitivebehavioral play therapy on sustained attention and working memory in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Materials and Methods: The method of the present study was quasiexperimental with two experimental groups and a control group with pretestposttest and follow-up. In this study, the statistical population consisting of children with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder referred to clinics in Tehran, 59 people in 1398 were selected by non-random sampling method and randomly divided into two experimental groups., Then and two months after the end of treatment were measured by continuous function test (Resold et al., 1956), memory test (Wechsler, 2003). The experimental group of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and the experimental group of cognitive-behavioral play therapy were each treated during two months and two two-hour sessions per week. Research data were analyzed using SPSS software version 23 and repeated measures statistical method. Results: The results showed that both mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and cognitive-behavioral play therapy have a significant effect on sustained attention, working memory and time perception (p 00 0. 005). There is no significant difference in the effectiveness of these two treatments on sustained attention and working memory. Conclusion: According to the results, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and cognitive-behavioral play therapy are effective methods to improve sustained attention and working memory in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Introduction: Henoch Schoenline (HSP) purpura is a type of inflammation that results in blockage of small blood vessels (1) with skin and systemic complications (2). It is the most common vasculitis in children under the age of 10, with the highest prevalence in boys. The disease is characterized by a leukocytoclastic vasculitis involving small vessels, along with evidence of immune complexes including Iga (3). Unlike other systemic vasculitis, the disease is usually self-limiting, with four clinical symptoms including kidney involvement, abdominal pain, arthritis or joint pain, and palpable perforation without coagulation disorder or a decrease in platelet count. It leads to blockage of small blood vessels, which is often seen in children. The onset of the disease in adulthood is uncommon and is associated with more severe clinical syndrome and worse outcomes. We present a case of extensive perforation in the ileum in a 40-year-old man with vasculitis and treated with corticosteroids who have been operated on with a diffuse abdominal pain with a tendon and rebound on examination.

Introduction: High blood pressure is one of the most common risk factors for cardiovascular disease that leads to many problems and problems, Therefore, the aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy and rational-emotional-behavioral therapy on depression and anxiety in patients with hypertension. Materials and Methods: The present study was a quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test and follow-up with a control group. A total of 36 patients with hypertension in Birjand in the second six months of 2020 were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly divided into three groups of acceptance and commitment therapy (12 patients), rational-emotional-behavioral therapy (12 patients) and Witnesses (12 people) were replaced. The experimental groups were trained in 8 sessions of 60 minutes with acceptance and commitment and rational-emotional-behavioral methods, respectively, and the group did not receive a training certificate. Data collection tools were Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition Beck et al. (2000) and Beck et al. (1988) Anxiety Inventory. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 24 and repeated measures analysis of variance test at the significance level of α,= 0. 05. Results: The results showed that acceptance, commitment and rational-emotional-behavioral therapies reduced depression and anxiety in patients with hypertension compared to the control group (p <0. 01),But there was no difference between acceptance and commitment therapy and rational-emotional-behavioral therapy in reducing depression and anxiety in patients with hypertension (p <0. 01). Conclusion: The results showed the importance of both acceptance and commitment and rational-emotional-behavioral therapies in reducing anxiety and depression in patients with hypertension,therefore, clinical psychologists and therapists can use these methods to intervene in anxiety and depression.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the unified protocol of transdiagnostic treatment on improving the psychological symptoms of people with chronic pain, including reducing the experienced severity of health anxiety and improving self-compassion. Materials and Methods: The research method is quasi-experimental research (pre-test-post-test design with unequal control group). This study is a randomized controlled trial that has an experimental group receiving unified protocol of transdiagnostic treatment and a control group receiving no intervention. The statistical population of this study is all people with neuropathic pain who referred to Mashhad Diabetes Association in 2019. Twenty-four participants were assessed using two self-compassion questionnaires (SCS) and short health anxiety (SHAI). Results: The results of analysis of covariance showed that there was a significant difference between the groups at the level of 0. 001, which means that the unified protocol of transdiagnostic treatment decreased the mean of health anxiety in the post-test phase and increased the mean of self-compassion. Conclusion: The unified protocol of transdiagnostic treatment is one of the most successful approaches in the field of health anxiety and self-compassion.

Introduction: According to studies, Covid_19 patients have a low psychological tolerance capacity and due to the current state of the disease in the world, these people are highly exposed to psychological disorders such as anxiety and depression as well as other negative thoughts. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of muscle relaxation therapy along with mental imagery on the rate of anxiety and depression in physically and mentally handicapped patients with mild coronary heart disease "Covid_19. " Materials and Methods: The present research method is a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The research population includes the physically and mentally handicapped in the Fatah al-Mubin girls' rehabilitation center in Mashhad. From the statistical population of the study, 30 people were selected by convenience sampling. Then, they were randomly divided into two groups of 15 people. Before performing the program, the experimental and control groups completed the Beck Anxiety and Depression Inventory "BAI" as a criterion for the pre-test before the sessions. The experimental group underwent muscle relaxation and mental imaging for one hour a day for two months. Results: After the treatment intervention "muscle relaxation and mental imaging", the results show that there is a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the variables of anxiety and depression (P = 0. 000). Also in the experimental group, there was a significant difference in the variables of anxiety and depression before and after the treatment intervention (P = 0. 000). Conclusion: Based on the results, the two methods of muscle relaxation and mental imaging simultaneously reduce anxiety and depression in the disabled and improve Covid 19 disease. It seems that considering the positive effect of this complementary treatment approach, which is a simple, low-cost and applicable method for the disabled, an effective step can be taken to reduce the psychological problems of the disabled during post-coronary and quarantine conditions.

Introduction: By onset of global and national coronavirus vaccination process, it is important to examine the factors associated with people's willingness or hesitation about vaccination. Therefore, the aim of this study was to predict the tendency related to receiving coronavirus vaccine in the general population based on demographic variables and components of the health belief model. Materials and Methods: The research method was descriptive structural equation modeling. Online questionnaire including items related to demographic information, health belief model and willingness to receive Covid-19 virus vaccine available through virtual networks available among the population aged 18 years and above during the period of April to June 1400 Distributed to the general public. Correlation, analysis of variance were used to investigate the demographic variables and structural equation modeling was used to measure the relationship between the components of the health belief model. Results: The results showed the components of the health belief model were strong predictors of the desire to receive the Covid-19 vaccine and were able to predict 57. 1% of the variance of the desire to receive the vaccine. The results also showed that older people, men, people with higher education, people with chronic diseases, and those who had previously had Covid-19 were more likely to receive the Covid-19 vaccine. Conclusion: The results of the present study, in addition to theoretical and practical implications, help to target the population that is inclined to They do not have vaccinations, and educational programs and intervention techniques are developed to change people's behavior.

Introduction: Spinal deformities are one of the hidden dangers of the society, especially in the student society. The aim of the present research was to investigate the effect of comprehensive corrective exercises with and without posture training on upper cruciate syndrome on female students who had head forward shoulder forward complications and kyphosis at the same time and participated voluntarily in this research. Materials and Methods: The statistical population of this research consisted of all female students aged 15-18 years of the second secondary level, the sampling method was purposeful and available and randomly divided into four experimental groups due to the limitedness of the research population, comprehensive corrective exercises group with pasteur training, The second group of comprehensive corrective exercises alone and the group of posture training alone and the control group were divided into the group of corrective exercises combined with posture training for 8 weeks and 5 sessions per week for 5 hours and the group of comprehensive corrective exercises alone for 8 weeks 3 sessions In a week, they performed exercises and posture training exercises alone, one session per week for one hour, and the control group did their daily activities. In the first stage, the screening was done using the New York test and the checkerboard, and students who had upper cruciate syndrome were selected, and in the second stage, the Goniometer line was used to measure the neck lordosis angle (craniovertebral angle) and a size ruler. Shoulder forward and flexible ruler were used to measure the kyphosis angle before and after eight weeks. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS26 software, and in order to compare the mean scores of the post-test, analysis of covariance test was used and Bonferroni paired post hoc test was used to check the difference between groups. Results: The statistical results showed that the head forward angles (craniovertebral angle) and the front shoulder and kyphosis of the subjects were significantly reduced in the experimental group (p ≤,5%) comprehensive corrective exercises alone and together with pasteur training and had a significant effect on the reduction of complications. He had upper cruciate syndrome. Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, experts can use these exercises along with other treatment methods to correct the complication of upper cruciate syndrome in students.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to present a structural model of perfectionism and sleep quality with a mediating role of anxiety. Materials and Methods: Due to its nature, the method of the present study is descriptive-correlation and structural equation modeling. A total of 318 students were selected from the statistical population of students of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in the academic year 2016-2017. The Pittsburgh (1989) Sleep Quality Scale, the Gospel Perfectionism (2007) and the Beck, Epstein, Brown and Austin (1988) Anxiety Scales were used to collect data. Amos software version 24 and Pearson correlation method and structural equation model (SEM) were used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that the direct path of perfectionism to sleep quality (0. 15) is positive and significant. The direct path of perfectionism to anxiety (0. 27) is positive and significant. And according to Figure 1, also, the path of anxiety to sleep quality (0. 540) is positive and significant. Conclusion: herefore, it seems that perfectionism can affect the quality of sleep of perfectionists by increasing their anxiety.

Introduction: Postpartum depression in fathers, if it occurs, can make a difference in their feelings and perceptions. This study aimed to compare stress, perceived social support and vulnerable personality in fathers with postpartum depression and fathers without postpartum depression. Methods: This was a causal-comparative study. The sample consisted of 300 fathers in Isfahan who had a baby in the last six months and were selected as available. Then they answered the research tools including Harry Stress Questionnaire (2005), Perceived Social Support Questionnaire (MSPSS), Zimet et al. (1988) and Boyce et al. (2004) Vulnerable Personality Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using multivariate and univariate analysis of variance. Results: The results showed that the mean scores of at least one of the variables of stress, perceived social support and vulnerable personality were significantly different between the two groups of fathers with postpartum depression and no depression (P <0. 001). There is also a significant difference between the scores of vulnerable personality in the two groups of fathers with postpartum depression and no depression (p <0. 001). But the difference between the two groups in the variables of stress and perceived social support was not significant. Conclusion: It seems that in fathers with vulnerable personalities, stressors are controlled and more social support is needed.

Introduction: Background and purpose: Lack of coordination and anxiety are major Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is a neurodevelopmental condition, and if children with this disorder are not prevented and treated with timely interventions, they will have a low level of physical and mental health in adulthood. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a course of active video games on motor competence and enjoyment of physical activity in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Methods: The method of the current research was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of this study consisted of 8-10-year-old male students (second, third, and fourth grade) of schools in Khoy city in the academic year of 1401-1400. Among them, 30 eligible students were selected and participated in the research based on the Connors rating scale of the parent form, the psychiatrist's opinion and the criteria for entering the research. To collect data, the enjoyment of physical activity questionnaire of Moore et al. (2009) and the motor competence test third edition (TGMD-3) were used. The participants of the experimental group played active video games for 8 weeks, 5 days a week, and each session lasted 60 minutes. The data were analyzed using the analysis of covariance test at a significance level of 0. 05 and with SPSS version 24 software. Results: : The results showed that active video games improved motor skills (p<0. 001) and increased the level of enjoyment of physical activity in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (p<0. 001). Conclusion: In general, based on the results of the present study, playing active video games can be effective in increasing the level of motor skills in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Also, playing these games can lead to the adherence of these children to the game by increasing the level of enjoyment of physical activity and then reducing the complications caused by inactivity.

Introduction: Breast cancer can lead to psychological and emotional damages besides chronic physiologic damages. Therefore, the present study was conducted to predict psychological wellbeing according to negative automatic thoughts and inefficient attitudes in the women's with breast cancer. Methods: The research method was descriptive in correlational type. The statistical population included all 1350 women with breast cancer who were under treatment at therapy centers and specialized hospitals in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer in the city of Tehran (Tajrish and Loghman) in the summer of 2020. The statistical sample included 300 women who were selected through available sampling method. The applied questionnaires included negative automatic thoughts questionnaire (Kendal and Holon, 1980), inefficient attitudes questionnaire (Wiseman and Beck, 1978) and psychological wellbeing questionnaire (Ryff, 1989). The data analysis was conducted via Pearson correlation and multiple regression methods by SPSS23 statistical software. Results: The results showed that there is a significant relationship between psychological wellbeing, negative automatic thoughts and inefficient attitudes in the patients with breast cancer (p<0. 001). Moreover, negative automatic thoughts and inefficient attitudes significantly predicted psychological wellbeing of the patients with breast cancer. Conclusion: Taking the significant role of negative automatic thoughts and inefficient attitudes in predicting psychological wellbeing, it is necessary to sufficiently attend to the negative automatic thoughts and inefficient attitudes of the patients with breast cancer in order to improve their psychological wellbeing.

Introduction: Research has shown that physical activity has become a popular intervention to help postmenopausal women. The purpose of this study was the effect of an aerobic exercise course on the mental health of non-athlete postmenopausal women. Methods: This research was semi-experimental. The statistical population of this research was composed of inactive postmenopausal women referring to sports clubs in Lahijan city. The research sample included 40 postmenopausal women who were selected in the last six months of 1400. The training program of the subjects was 8 weeks of running (three sessions a week) in a 50-minute schedule. The research tool was the 28-question general health questionnaire (GHQ). Data were analyzed using independent t-test and dependent t-test. Results: The findings showed that there was a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test scores of the mental health components of the experimental group, and it was not significant in the control group. Also, there was a significant difference between the post-test of the control and experimental groups. Conclusion: It seems that a selected type of aerobic training leads to the improvement and improvement of the mental health level of non-athlete postmenopausal women.

Introduction: The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of a computer-based family-oriented program on cognitive flexibility and listening performance of ADHD children. Method: This research was a semi-experimental research with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the research included all 6-9-year-old children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder who referred to Hasti and Parsa medical clinics in 2022-2023. The statistical sample of this research was made up of 30 of these children who were selected by available sampling and were assigned to two experimental and control groups and were subjected to intervention. Cognitive flexibility test (Dennis& Vander Wal, 2010) and listening performance (Sandford and Turner, 1994) were used to measure the variables and covariance was used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that the Yaraneh-Yar Subsidized Comprehensive Family Program has a significant effect on cognitive flexibility and listening performance (P≥, 0. 05). Conclusion: Considering the effectiveness of computer-based family-oriented program on cognitive flexibility and listening performance of ADHD children, it is suggested to use this program for special children.

Introduction: Learning is an important tool for human adaptation to their living environment. Learning to read requires the acquisition of certain skills, some of which are prerequisites for reading and some of which develop as reading progresses. Reading is an instrumental skill for learning, and we use instrumental skills as a means to achieve other goals,Such as using reading skills to understand and learn math problems. Thus, inability to read correctly and fluently can affect the development of many sub-reading skills such as word coping skills and word recognition skills (Shokouhi Yekta, Pirzadi and Parand, 1400). In the present age, special learning disability is known as the most obvious cause of severe academic learning problems. In the present age, special learning disability is known as the most obvious cause of severe academic learning problems. In the present age, special learning disability is known as the most obvious cause of severe academic learning problems.

Introduction: Learning disorder is a debilitating neurodevelopmental disorders in children. Therefore, the main goal of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of processing speed and verbal comprehension in the relationship between working memory and phonological awareness with reading of students with reading disorders. Methods: This study was a descriptive correlational study. The statistical population included all students with specific learning disorder-reading from the end of the first grade to the fifth grade of elementary school in the seven districts of Mashhad and referring to special centers for learning disabilities in Mashhad in the academic year 2019-2020. One hundred and fifty people with specific learning disorder-reading who were selected by convenience sampling. Participants completed reading and dyslexia test (NEMA), phonological awareness test (PAT) and The Wechsler intelligence scale for children, fourth edition (WISC-IV). Research data were analyzed using Lisrel and SPSS statistical software as well as path analysis. Results: There is a significant relation between working memory, phonological awareness, processing speed, verbal comprehension and reading of students with reading disorder. Processing speed and verbal comprehension mediated the relationship between working memory and processing speed with reading of students with reading disorder. Conclusion: Processing speed and verbal comprehension mediated the relationship between working memory and processing speed with reading. Therefore, attention to these processes and interventions related to them can help improve reading of students with reading disorder.

Introduction: The present study was the effect of mindfulness therapy on the quality of life and sleep quality of patients with type 2 diabetes. This research is a semi-experimental study with a pre-test, post-test design with a control group. Materials and Methods: The statistical population of the research is type 2 diabetes patients referred to hospitals in Shiraz, from which 30 people (15 people in the experimental group and 15 people in the control group) were selected based on the objectives and hypotheses of the research. In the current research, to collect data from the World Health Organization's Quality of Life Questionnaire (1996),Boyce et al. 's sleep quality (1989) and 8 sessions of 90-minute mindfulness therapy (Rodriguez-Romero and Smith, 2022) were implemented on the sample group. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS24 software based on covariance analysis. Results: The results showed that there is a significant difference between the average quality of life and sleep quality in the experimental and control groups. Based on this, it can be said that mindfulness treatment in the post-test has increased the scores in the overall quality of life and decreased the scores in the quality of sleep in patients with type 2 diabetes. Conclusion: It seems likely that the rs3024839 T/C polymorphism of STAT4 gene plays an important role in the incidence of MI. However, more studies with a larger sample size are necessary to confirm the results of the present study.

Introduction: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between emotional support and academic excitement with the mental health of high school students in district 5 of Tehran. Materials and Methods: The research sample is 270 people, including 180 female students and 90 male students, based on the table of Morgan and Karjesi, who were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method. In this research, Goldberg and Hayes mental health questionnaire (1972), Phillips social support questionnaire (1986) and Pakran et al. Pearson correlation and simultaneous regression analysis were used. Results: The results of the research showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between social support and academic excitement and the mental health of secondary school students in Aqqla city, and they can predict mental health. Also, there is a positive and significant relationship between all sub-scales of social support and mental health, and the sub-scales of academic excitement have a positive and significant relationship with all sub-scales of mental health. There is a significant relationship between all sub-scales of academic excitement and social support in students.

Introduction: The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of compassion-based therapy on anxiety related to emotional disorders and conflict between adolescent girls and their parents. Method: In the current research, according to the type of data collection, semi-experimental designs were used,The design of this research was a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. 30 people were selected from the statistical population of all female students of the second secondary level in the 1st district of Tehran, using available sampling method, and using random replacement method, they were divided into two control and experimental groups. The implementation method was such that both groups were given pre-tests of anxiety related to emotional disorders and conflict of teenage girls. Then, compassion-based therapy was provided for the experimental group for 12 sessions, but no intervention was done for the control group. After completing the training for the experimental group, post-tests were administered to both groups. In this way, the necessary data for the analysis of research hypotheses were collected and analyzed using covariance analysis. Results: The findings of the research in the experimental group showed that the post-test anxiety scores related to emotional disorders and conflict between teenage girls and their parents were significant compared to the pre-test, but this difference was not observed in the control group. The covariance results showed that compassion-based therapy has a significant effect on reducing anxiety related to emotional disorders and conflict between teenage girls and their parents (p<001). Conclusion: Therefore, in order to improve anxiety related to emotional disorders and conflict between teenage girls and their parents, it is suggested to use self-compassion therapy.

Introduction: The purpose of this research was to the effectiveness of cognitive empowerment training on executive functions and cognitive and emotional inhibition of students with learning disabilities. Materials and Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with a pretestposttest design with an experimental group and a control group. The statistical population of the study included all elementary school students in Tabriz in the academic year 1300-1400, of which 30 samples in two homogeneous groups of second grade male students with learning disabilities, by alternative sampling method. The instruments used in this study were the Colorado Willcutt et al. Learning Disabilities Questionnaire (CLDQ), the Coolidge Neurological Questionnaire, the Computers sample Stroop Test, and the Emotional Stroop Test. The experimental group received cognitive empowerment training in 10 sessions of 90 minutes and during this period the control group did not receive any training. Results: Data analysis using covariance analysis test of cognitive empowerment training on improving executive functions and cognitive inhibition in all stages of sample Stroop test and on improving emotional inhibition in stages of neutral dissonance reaction time, emotional dissonance reaction time and emotional interference of Stroop test Emotional has a positive effect (P <0. 01). Conclusion: Learning Disabilities Specialists can use this method to improve the executive functions and cognitive and emotional inhibition of students with learning disabilities.

Introduction: According to the definition of the World Health Organization, Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. Despite the emphasis on the country's health system, the sociological aspects of the health issue have not been sufficiently considered. This research has addressed the role of Iran's social problems in relation to health. Methods: The research was conducted using a qualitative method (Grounded Theory). The studied population includes Iranian sociologists, and the study of this discourse was done by referring to semi-structured interviews conducted by the Iranian Sociological Association under the title of "Suggestions about Iran's Developments". The samples were selected with the purposive sampling technique and continued until the theoretical saturation of 32 cases. Thematic analysis and ATLAS. ti software were used to analyze the data. In order to achieve reliability, the strategies of audit trial, review at the time of coding, and verification of research colleagues were used. Results: Social capital, social changes and governance are among the most important issues that play a role in the social, psychological and physical health of people in society. Conclusion: Considering the role of social issues in people's health, it is important to pay attention to them in improving people's quality of life.