Journal of Health And Care
Year:2018 | Volume:19 | Issue:4 |Papers Count:8

Background & Aim: Nausea and vomiting are the most common side-effects of chemotherapy. Today, complementary and alternative medicine, such as music therapy, is used beside standard cancer treatments to control these side-effects. This study aimed to assess the effect of music therapy on chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in patients with gastrointestinal cancers.Methods: A single-blind randomized clinical trial study was done on 60 gastrointestinal cancer patients. Patients were randomly divided in two groups; control and music therapy.Patients in music therapy group were required to listen to quiet music for 45 minutes when receiving nausea-inducing chemotherapy drug (for gastric and esophagus cancer in 4th day and for colorectal cancer in 3rd day) in addition to the routine care. Control group just received routine care to control nausea and vomiting. Nausea and vomiting were assessed by Rhodes questionnaire before and 24 hours after intervention. Data were analyzed with SPSS (Version 24 software using T-test and the Chi-square.Results: Comparing to control group, nausea score was significantly reduced in music therapy group (p=0.01) while the rate of vomiting did not show any significant difference between two groups (p=0.42) (CI=%95).Conclusion: Music therapy as a complementary and alternative medicine improves acute phase of chemotherapy-induced nausea in cancer patients, thus music therapy is recommended beside standard treatments to reduce nausea in gastrointestinal cancers patients.

Background & Aim: Childhood obesity is a public health challenge. Proper nutrition is one of the essential parts of healthy growth. Many of the chronic diseases of adulthood are rooted in childhood nutrition and the dietary patterns are mainly shaped in childhood. This study aimed to determine the relationship between nutritional status and obesity in 8-12 years old children in Rasht.Methods: This research was a descriptive– analytic study performed on 975 primary school students in Rasht in 2014. Samples were selected by cluster random sampling. A questionnaire including demographic characteristics and nutritional information was used to collect data. The participants’ body mass indices were also calculated. Data were analyzed using frequency distribution statistical tests, Kruskal-Wallis, U Mann-Whitney and Logistic Regression in SPSS v.21 software.Results: Results showed that 20% of samples (n=195) were overweight and 18.4% (n=179) were obese. From the dietary status, consumption of fruit and vegetable (p<0.003), breakfast (p<0.008), chocolate (p<0.036), fast food (p<0.01) and cereal (p<0.01) had a significant association with obesity.Conclusion: Due to a direct connection between eating breakfast, beans, fruit, and vegetables with having a normal weight and also a correlation between fast food and chocolate consumption with obesity, it seems that family and society education is necessary to have healthy nutrition and hence healthy children.

Background & Aim: The issue of marital infidelity in Iranian society is a growing concern that is associated with unsustainable relationships and high divorce rates. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between sensation seeking, positive and negative affect, alexithymia and marital infidelity.Methods: This study was a descriptive-correlational study. The population of the study included all women and men with and without marital infidelity in Dezful city.200 women were selected by snowball sampling and placed in two groups with and without marital infidelity. The research tools were Zuckerman's sensation-seeking scale; positive and negative affect schedule (PANAS) and Toronto alexithymia scale. Data were analyzed by SPSS v20 and logistic regression analysis.Results: The results showed that negative affect, alexithymia, and sensation seeking variables were 94%, 95% and 92% predictive of marital infidelity, respectively. Considering the factor load of variables, alexithymia empowerment is more likely to predict marital infidelity than other variables. Also, the results showed that positive affect had no significant relationship with marital infidelity.Conclusion: The results showed that individuals with sensation seeking personality characteristics, alexithymia, and negative affect are at high risk of marital infidelity. Therefore, the study of sensation seeking personality characteristics, alexithymia, and negative affect offers suitable ideas for working in the field of betrayal and marital decency to family counselors and couples therapists.

Background & Aim: Heart failure as one of the most common chronic diseases in the world imposes high costs on health systems. There are several strategies to control heart failure which self-care is one of them. The present study was conducted to determine the status of self-care andit’s effective factors in patients with heart failure.Methods: This study was a descriptive- analytic study to investigate the status of self-care in 248 patients with heart failure who referred in 2016 to Heshmat medical center in Rasht.Samples were selected among patients with inclusion criteria by a gradual sampling. Data gathering tools were demographic questionnaire and information related to the disease and self-care index of heart failure. Data analyses were performed using descriptive statistics, ttest, ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient tests by the software SPSS version 21.Results: The mean and standard deviation of self- care score was 44.26±13.13 which only 4.4% of patients had desirable self-care behavior. Most desirable Status of self-care was related to the subscale of self-care management. There was a significant relationship between self-care with age (p<0.0001), marital status (p=0.003), education (p<0.0001), and the status of comorbidities (p<0.0001).Conclusion: Since most research participants had undesirable self-care, it is recommended that nurses pay attention to the self-care predictive factors in care and education programs for patients with heart failure.

Background & Aim: Cancer diagnosis causes deep emotional problems in patients and their family. The cognitive models, cognitive distortions, and dysfunctional attitudes towards conditions are some contributory factors in the development of depression and anxiety. The present study aimed to determine the correlations of looming cognitive style with dysfunctional attitudes, anxiety, and depression in cancer patients.Methods: This study was a correlational study.150 cancer patients referring to Imam Reza Hospital in Kermanshah were selected through the convenience sampling method in 2016. Data were collected by demographic information checklist, the Looming Maladaptive Style Questionnaire (LMSQ), the Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale (DAS-26), Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS- 42). Data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS v23.Results: Based on the findings of the study, the mean values were 73.26±17.13 for the distorted thinking styles, 13.36±32.12 for the dysfunctional attitudes, 21.51±10.31 for anxiety and 21.66±9.58 for depression among participants. The results indicated that the looming cognitive style (LCS) was significantly correlated with the dysfunctional attitudes, anxiety, and depression among the participants. In addition, simultaneous regression was meaningful in terms of predicting the dysfunctional attitudes, anxiety, and depression based on the looming cognitive style (LCS) (p<0.05).Conclusion: According to the findings of the study, cancer patients with high scores on looming cognitive style (LCS) had high levels of dysfunctional attitudes, anxiety, and depression.Considering, the psychological effects of these components, psychological interventions are necessary for oncology wards to reduce anxiety and depression.

Background & Aim: Patients' participation in decision-making for healthcare and disease management is related to their high satisfaction and improvement of treatment outcomes in chronic conditions. This study aimed to measure patients' participation in healthcare decisionmaking at hospitals affiliated with Saveh School of Medical Sciences in 2016.Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 220 hospitalized patients in internalsurgical wards of two general hospitals in Saveh city were selected by simple random sampling method. Considering the previous studies and tools to measure patients' participation in decision making, a researcher-made questionnaire was used to assess admission, inpatient and discharge periods. Content Validity Ratio (CVR) of questionnaire was 0.72 and its Content Validity Index (CVI) was 0.95. Coronbach’s alpha was measured for reliability (0.934). Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficient, ANOVA and t-testin SPSS v20 software were used for data analysis.Results: Findings showed that patients' participation were 46.96% in admission and 54.54% in inpatient and 58.63% in discharge periods. In addition, relationships were found between occupation (p=0.011) and previous hospitalization (p=0.013) with participation.Conclusion: In this study, despite the high rate of overall participation of patients, participation in admission period was moderate. According to patient's condition, it is not possible to provide information and request for decision and participation for all patient sat the time of admission. However, it seems that some serious involvements are needed to improve patients' participation.

Background & Aim: Anger is an internal stressor associated with health issues. Moral intelligence is one of the factors that can affect psychological well-being and control of anger.Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between moral intelligence and anger among nurses in emergency units of hospitals affiliated to Kashan University of Medical Sciences.Methods: This descriptive correlational study was done on 261 nurses working at emergency units of Kashan hospitals that selected by census sampling. Lennick and Kiel’s moral intelligence questionnaire and Perryand Bass’s anger survey were used to collect the data.Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistical methods including Spearman’s correlation coefficient and multivariable regression analysis using SPSS v.24.Results: According to the findings of this study, the mean scores of moral intelligence and anger among participants in the study were 73.06±8.08 and 39.18±12.37, respectively.Spearman correlation test showed that there is a significant negative relationship between the moral intelligence and the anger of the participants in the study (p<0.001).Conclusion: According to the results, the level of anger reduces among nurses as their moral intelligence increases. Considering that ethical intelligence is a type of acquired ability, the level of anger can be reduced by promoting it among nurses.

Background & Aim: The parent's decision to discharge against medical advice (DAMA) can be challenging for the child, family, community, and healthcare system especially nurses.This study aimed to clarify the parental decision-making process for discharge their child against medical advice from the hospital.Methods: This qualitative study was conducted using the Corbin and Strauss's grounded theory method, 2008. Data collecting and analyzing were carried out simultaneously between 2014 and 2016. By adopting purposive sampling from children's hospitals in Tehran, information was gathered using 29 in-depth, semi-structured interviews with parents, nurses and physician's assistants in their homes and workplaces. The MAXQDA software version 10 was used to manage and organize the data.Results: The theme of "towards distrust" was identified as the most important concern of the parents, with the following sub-categories: "lack of justification of illness and care", "expected care failure", "fear of deteriorating clinical conditions of the child, " "clinical uncertainty, " and "consultation and irresponsible guidance". "Psychological strategy of shirk responsibility for child care and treatment" was the most important process in parental decision-making for discharge their child against medical advice from the hospital and "towards distrust: the psychological strategy of shirk responsibility for child care and treatment" was identified as the core category.Conclusions: Family-centered care can help parents to make the best and most appropriate decision to continue the child's care and treatment. Providing honest and accurate information can help parents to trust the health care centers and staffs. Designing a comprehensive discharge program in consult with parents would reduce the probability of premature childhood discharge against the recommendation of the treatment team.