COMMONITY HEALTH
Year:2017 | Volume:4 | Issue:2 |Papers Count:9

Background and Objectives: Today, obesity is one of the main problems So that its prevalence is on the rise in developing and developed countries and reported that obesity and overweight has negative effect on physical fitness. The purpose of this study was to investigate of Prevalence of obesity and overweight among female students of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences and its association with physical fitness factors.Material and Methods: The study sample consisted of 220 girl students of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, which is calculated through Morgan table. Research variables included AAHPERD physical fitness component (sit-ups test, pull-ups test and sit and reach test, 45 meters run, 9 × 4 m agility run and 540 m run), Body fat Percent, waist to hip ratio (WHR) and body mass index (BMI) were also calculated to assess of body composition. One way ANOVA and Pearson correlation tests were used for statistical analysis.Results: Result showed that the results showed that 65 (29.6 %) of girls have abdominal obesity.While the 15 (6.8 %) of girl’s students, low weight and 159 (72.7 %) were normal weight, 38 (17.3%) were overweight and 8 (3.6 %) were General obese. And also there was a relationship between Running speed, agility, shoulder muscles endurance, abdominal muscle endurance and cardiovascular endurance with BMI (P<0.05) but there was no significant relationship between BMI and flexibility.Conclusion: Based on our findings we can say that an inverse relationship between obesity and overweight with physical fitness Factors So that physical condition of obese and overweight girls, are weaker than normal people.

Background and Objectives: In recent decades, violence against women, as the most serious social problem beyond cultural, social and regional remembered. The aim of this study is to predict the pattern of domestic violence against women based on personality traits and history of child abuse in Isfahan wives.Material and Methods: The research method was descriptive-correlation. The study sample included all women about domestic violence, the number of 159 students were selected by convenience sampling method domestic violence against women, child abuse history questionnaire between personality traits and a questionnaire was distributed. Data correlation and multiple regression analysis were used.Results: The results showed that personality traits and child abuse, domestic violence against women and wives predictor of personality trait neuroticism and child abuse, domestic violence against women, there is a significant positive relationship (P<0.0001). This is despite the fact that the other personality traits includes extroversion, openness to experience, agreeableness and conscientiousness with domestic violence against women, there is a significant negative correlation (P<0.0001).Conclusion: It can be said that personality traits and child abuse, domestic violence against women and wives predict the personality trait neuroticism and child abuse, domestic violence against women, there is a significant relationship. These results indicate the relationship between personality traits and child abuse, spouse that should be considered by researchers.

Background: Addiction has negative consequences on addicted person and his/her family members. The goal of pThe relationship between personality traits and socioeconomic status with substance use has been shown in a variety of studies. However, it is little known about the mechanisms of this relationship and variables may effect this relationship. Therefore, the present study investigated in frame of a model the moderator role of conscientiousness in related to effect of socioeconomic status, neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, and agreeableness on Substance, Alcohol, and tobacco Use.Materials and methods: Current study is analytical- cross sectional and regarding to data gathering and analysis methods was conducted in correlational way. The number of 300 (124 mal and 176 female) students were selected through available sampling from Kharazmi university and were assessed employing NEO Personality Questionnaire and researcher made Questionnaires on socioeconomic status and substance use.Data were analyzed based on the path analysis and using 8.8 vesion of Lisrel software.Results: Result showed that conscientiousness had significant positive relationship with extraversion (r=0.46, P<0.01), openness to experience (r=0.14, P<0.05), and agreeableness (r=0.20, P<0.01), and significant negative relationship with neuroticism (r=-0.35, P<0.01), socioeconomic status (r=-0.18, P<0.01), and substance use (r=-0.17, P<0.01). Moreover, sugested model for investigating the moderator role of conscientiousness in related to effect of socioeconomic status, neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, and agreeableness on substance use had excellent fitness (RMSEA=0.04, CFI=0.99, NFI=0.99, GFI=0.99, AGFI=0.96) with data.Conclusion: The findings showed that personality traits and socioeconomic status, either directly or indirectly, affected the substance use. In this domain the role of conscientiousness is more prominent because not only mediates the effect of variables with a negative effect on substance use (such as extroversion), also moderates the effect of variables with a positive effect on substance use (such as socioeconomic status).

Background and Objectives: Given that children are the future of society with immediate owners, their health and disease in health and disease tomorrow’s society and future generations will have significant effects. Therefore it is necessary to pay more attention to their physical and mental health and fundamental steps for the prevention and treatment of mental disorders and their behavior is removed. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between mental health problems of mothers and children facing domestic violence were mentally retarded children with behavior problems.Material and Methods: This study was descriptive-correlation was performed. The study sample consisted of all mentally retarded children 7 to 12 years and their mothers who were in schools with intellectual disability had been studying in the academic year 94-95. The sampling method was multi-stage cluster sampling in this study. The sample consisted of 150 students with intellectual disability who were selected based on criteria for the study. The questionnaire includes demographic information, a checklist related symptoms (SCL.25), behavioral problems Conners Rating Scale and the Conflict Tactics Scale. To analyze the data Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis at the significant level were used.Results: The findings showed that between mother and child’s exposure to domestic violence, mental health problems mentally retarded children with behavioral problems and there is a significant positive relationship and can be accessed through the mother’s mental health problems and family violence, behavioral problems in children with mental retardation predicted.Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that between mental health problems and domestic violence mother mentally retarded children with behavioral problems are related.

Background and Objectives: Many researchers believe that behavioral disorder which a common and disabling disorder for families is the environment and children. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between children behavioral disorders with parenting styles and attachment styles.Material and Methods: The study was correlational. The study population included all girls and boys students with behavioral problems in third to fifth grades of primary school in Tehran, regions 1 and 2 to the number 47137 in the 2015-16 school year. Using cluster sampling, 252 samples were selected. The data was completed by the mothers of the students. Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis were used.Results: Results showed behavioral disorders significant positive correlation with the authoritarian parenting style (P<0.01) and permissive parenting style (P<0.01). Authoritative parenting style was not significantly correlated with behavioral disorders. As well as behavioral disorders have a negative correlation with secure attachment style (P<0.05) and ambivalent attachment style/ anxiety (P<0.01). The predictive role of attachment styles and parenting styles on behavioral disorders suggests that this model explained 12 percent of variance. Attachment styles and parenting styles were significant predictors (P<0.01).Conclusion: This study showed that there is a correlation between behavioral disorders and authoritarian and permissive parenting styles, but there was not a correlation between authoritative parenting style and behavioral disorders. The results of this study can help child psychologists to further understand the role of parenting style and parental involvement and appropriate intervention, taking into account the children’s behavioral disorders.

Background and Objectives: Schools and school environment, including places that require active participation of students in the school activities. The aim of this study was to predict the psychological atmosphere of social communication skills and social anxiety in high school students in the classroom.Materials and Methods: This study was a correlation. The study population consisted of high school students in Tehran in 2016 district 4 respectively. Using cluster sampling, 210 samples were selected.Instruments were included social anxiety, communication skills and classroom psycho-social climate scale. The data Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis using software SPSS-22 were analyzed.Results: The results showed that social anxiety, significantly a significant level of 0.01 communication skills of the students predicted (F (209, 3)=34.290, P<0.01). Investigation showed that the value of the square of the multiple correlations multiple correlation coefficients (R2) were equal to 0.33. With the arrival of both the psychosocial climate class (collision friction and competition) to the equation predicting communication skills in a second step, the value of R2 to reach 61.6.Conclusion: The study showed that psychosocial classroom atmosphere and communication skills and social anxiety can predict. The dimensions of social anxiety fear of negative evaluation and grief in public situations, communication skills in high school students forecasts.

Background and Objectives: In each life cycle stage, special relationship with the other person involved is that this relationship can improve individual health and social or damaged individual. The present study aimed to compare the early maladaptive schemas, coping strategies and emotional maturity of students with emotional injuries and no damage was emotional.Material and Methods: The causal-comparative study was conducted. From 422 students living in dormitories Damghan University and Azad University in the academic year 2015-16, 150 students were selected randomly. Participants blow to the questionnaire Love, coping strategies questionnaire, the Young Schema Questionnaire and emotional maturity questionnaire responded. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation and inferential statistics such as variance univariate and multivariate multiple regressions used.Results: Results showed that significantly cuts and the exclusion (P<0.01), Impaired Autonomy and Performance (P<0.001), restrictions disrupted (P<0.0001), the orientation (P<0.01), vigilance over limit/ retention (P<0.04). The results of univariate analysis of covariance can be said that between the two groups in scores of coping strategies and emotional maturity there is a significant difference statistically (P<0.0001). The regression model explained 24.4% of the variance stems (R=0.244).Course of study and level of education were significant predictors (P<0.01).Conclusion: The study showed that people with emotional damage from the domains of conflict, coping strategies and emotional maturity are different with people without emotional damage. Same goes for more attention to this area will require therapists and counselors.

Background and Objectives: Drug addiction is a chronic and relapse disorder that leads to many negative consequences, so this study was to compare dysfunctional attitudes, procrastination and decision making styles with and without a history of relapse in addicts was conducted.Material and Methods: This study is a descriptive comparative research.The 180 addicts staffs include 90 participant with relapse (relapse in less than 6 month) and 90 participant without relapse (without relapse in 18 month) were selected by aimed and available sampling and participated in this study. All participants were asked to complete the Dysfunctional attitudes (DAS), Procrastination, Decision- making style (GDMS). Data was analyzed using independent t-test and analysis of variance (MANOVA). The results showed that the two groups with and without a history of relapse are significant differences in procrastination, dysfunctional attitudes and decision-making styles scale.Results: Procrastination (p=0.037) and dysfunctional attitudes (p=0.001) in addicts with a history of relapse is significantly higher than addicts without a history of relapse. Also addicts with a history of relapse use rational decision-making style (p=0.001) less and Intuitive decision-making style (p=0.001) more than addicts without a history of relapse. There was no significant difference between two groups in spontaneous, dependent, avoidant decision-making styles.Conclusion: In general, procrastination, dysfunctional attitudes and decision-making styles are related with relapse of addiction.