Daneshvar Medicine: Basic and Clinical Research Journal
Year:2023 | Volume:30 | Issue:6|Papers Count:8

Background and Objective: Numerous studies have shown the anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anti-allergic, anti-cancer, anti-spasm, analgesic and wound healing effects of chamomile (Matricaria chamomile). In this study, the effect of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of chamomile on the vital activity of cultured leukocytes of patients with covid-19 was investigated. Materials and Methods: After preparation of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of chamomile, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of patients with covid-19 with doses of 200, 300, 400 and 500 micrograms/ml of ethanolic extract of chamomile and doses of 400, 500, 600 and 700 µg/ml chamomile aqueous extract were treated. After 24 hours, the vital activity of PBMCs was measured by MTT method. To analyze the findings, one-way analysis of variance was used in SPSS software version 24. P<0.05 was considered significant. Results: In the current research, chamomile ethanol extract in doses of 500 micrograms/ml and aqueous extract in doses of 600 and 700 micrograms/ml led to a significant decrease in the vital activity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells compared to the control group. Conclusion: Aqueous and ethanol extracts of chamomile significantly decrease the vital activity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells; This decrease in vital activity is dose-dependent, and with increasing dose, a decrease in vital activity is observed.

Background and Objective: Growth factors are small peptide biomolecules that play an important role in increasing autoimmune diseases and are involved in the pathogenesis of many types of cancer. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of 6 weeks of HIIT with inhibition of CGRP on EGF and EGFR gene expression in the hippocampal tissue of male Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 32 Wistar male laboratory rats with an average weight of 205±15 grams and an age of 8 weeks were randomly divided into 4 groups of 8 series including         1-control (C), 2-inhibition of CGRP (CI), 3-HIIT (TH). ) and               4-inhibition of CGRP+HIIT (CI+TH) were divided. In order to inhibit CGRP in groups 2 and 4, CGRP antibody was used intraperitoneally at a dose of 0.25 mg/kg. The HIIT training protocol was performed for 6 weeks and 5 days per week, which consisted of 10 bouts of intense       2-minute running. on the treadmill and 1 minute of slow running (active rest) was incremental. Finally, the desired tissue was extracted and the expression level of EGF and EGFR genes was evaluated by Real time-PCRΔΔ method and using 2 ΔΔCt formula. To analyze the findings, one-way analysis of variance was used along with Tukey's post hoc test in SPSS software version 26 (p≤0.05). Results: The results of the present study showed that the levels of EGF in hippocampal tissue in group (TH) were significantly higher than groups (CI) (P=0.001) and (C) (P=0.006). It was also significantly higher in the (CI+TH) group than the (CI) group (P=0.007). EGFR gene expression levels in   (CI+TH) group were significantly higher than (CI) (P=0.04) and (TH) (P=0.01). Conclusion: Physiological changes caused by HIIT in the hippocampus can improve the functional state of the brain through positive regulation of EGF and EGFR gene expression as an effective non-pharmacological method. Furthermore, HIIT+CGRP inhibition may represent a novel approach through the EGF and EGFR pathways in the hippocampus.

Background and Objective: According to evidence, sports activities and vitamin D, in addition to their role in developing physical health, have a considerable impact on cognitive, behavioral and mood disorders. In the present study, the effectiveness of core stabilization exercises and vitamin D consumption on quality of life (QL) and mental health (MH) of women with chronic low back pain was investigated.Materials and Methods: This clinical trial study was performed on women with chronic low back pain. First, 48 patients were selected by available sampling method, then randomly divided into 4 groups: control, exercise, vitamin D and combined (exercise+vitamin D). Core stabilization exercises were performed by training and combined groups for 8 weeks, and vitamin D and combined groups took vitamin D (50,000 IU) weekly. SF-36 QL and general health (GHQ) questionnaires were used to collect data. Data analysis was performed using paired t-test and  one-way analysis of variance at a significance level of P< 0.05.Results: Vitamin D levels were lower than normal in all subjects. The QL and MH of women with low back pain improved after exercise, vitamin D intake, and combined intervention. The combined intervention was associated with a greater increase in QL compared to the other two therapeutic interventions and the development of MH compared to vitamin D intake.Conclusion: It seems that therapies using core stabilization exercises, vitamin D intake or combination intervention can help people with low back pain and low levels of vitamin D in improving QL and MH.

Background and Objective: The menopausal process causes degeneration of motor nerve neurons in fast-twitch fibers. However, the effect of resistance training with vitamin D supplementation on the inhibition of genes involved in atrophy is not well understood. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of resistance training and vitamin D with chitosan coating on Semaphorine-a3 and NLRP-1genes of neural junction in quadriceps muscle of postmenopausal rats.Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 42 femal of wistare rats with ages 8 to 12 weeks with an average weight of 230 to 260 g were randomly divided into 6 groups of 7 numbers; normal control (NC), menopause control (OC), estrogen (E), resistance training (RT),vitamin D white chitosan (Vit D+Ca+2), resistance training+Vitamin D with chitosan (RT+Vit D+Ca+2). Training group performed resistance training five days a week for eight weeks. Vitamin D with chitosan was gavage at a dose of 100 mg/kg before exercise. PCR Real time was used to determine the expression of Semaphorine-a3 and NLRP-1genes.Results: The gene of Semaphorine-a3 in the resistance training group+vitamin D with chitosan compared to the postmenopausal control group and the training group had a significant decrease (P=0.001) and (P=0.002), respectively.  NLRP-1 gene in the resistance training group+vitamin D with chitosan was significantly reduced compared to the training group (P=0.043).Conclusion: The results showed that resistance training decreased the  genes expression of Semaphorine-a3 and NLRP-1. Decreased expression of NLRP-1 gene under the influence of resistance training combined with vitamin D with chitosan coating could possibly improve neuromuscular function in postmenopausal people.

Background and Objective: Obesity can disrupt health by causing various diseases and especially by causing disturbances in blood lipid profiles. Since very few studies have been done in relation to miRNAs related to obesity and their role in causing disturbances in blood lipoproteins, therefore the aim of this research was the alterations in miR-128-1 and blood lipoproteins following 12 weeks of concurrent aerobic and strength training (CAST) in obese middle-aged men.Materials and Methods: 30 middle-aged men (40-50 years old) and obese (BMI≥30) randomly and based on fat percentage, aerobic capacity (VO2max) and one repetition maximum (1-RM) were assigned to three groups 1-CAST in one day 2-CAST on different days and       3-control group. Blood samples were collected from the subjects 48 hours before and after 12 weeks of concurrent training, in order to analyze miR-128-1 indices and blood lipid profiles. One-way repeated measures ANOVA and paired sample t-test were used to analyze the data.Results: The results showed that after 12 weeks of CAST training, both training groups experienced a significant decrease in miR-128-1, HDL-C, LDL-C, triglyceride and cholesterol indices compared to the control group (P<0/05).Conclusion: It seems that CAST training can improve lipid profiles by affecting obesity-related miRNAs, especially miR-128-1, and thereby help improve health.

Background and Objective: Bone resorption is one of the most common problems reported in the bones around the implant. Several factors are involved in this bone resorption, one of which is the microstructure and macrostructure properties of the implant. In the present study, the effect of microstructure and macrostructure of implants on crestal bone resorption was evaluated.Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was performed on the records of 115 patients with 181 implants between 2011 to 2020 in faculty of dentistry of Shahed University. Patients with two types of implants (ITI and DIO) were evaluated. Parallel peri apical radiographs were taken immediately after implant placement, at prosthesis delivery, as well as annual follow-ups. Digital radiographs were taken by Scanora software and the length of the crestal bone was calculated. To investigate the process of bone resorption over time in all types of implants and according to the type of crown, marginal models were used by GEE (Generalized Estimating Equations) estimation method with the identity correlation function and the unstructured correlation structure.Results: The reliability coefficients of the variables were greater than 0.9. 139 implants were bone level, and 42 implants were tissue level. Bone resorption was significant over time (P<0.001). In addition, the interaction between time and type of implant was significant (P=0.015). The pattern of resorption was higher over time in ITI (tissue level) than ITI (bone level) and DIO (bone-level) implants (P<0.001).Conclusion: The bone resorption around the implant is clinically acceptable for both ITI and DIO groups over a two-year period. Bone resorption was lower in the DIO group than in the ITI. However, this difference was related to the ITI-tissue level implants.

Background and Objective: Due to their occupational characteristics, dentists are at a higher risk of musculoskeletal disorders. The purpose of this study was to investigate the distribution and intensity of musculoskeletal pain in different parts of the body among general dentists in Ilam city in 2020.Materials and Methods: The present study was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The Nordic questionnaire was used. Dentists, who met the criteria for entering the study, were evaluated. These criteria include the following: having at least 2 years of work experience in the profession of general dentistry and not having a specialized degree in dentistry. Demographic information were also collected through a self-report questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS 18.Results: The subjects included 33 men and 20 women with a mean age of 29-36 years and a mean work experience of 2-10 years. They were active for 7.84 hours a day with 10.47 visits and a BMI of 23.13. The results of Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) score evaluation showed that 43.4% of participants were in the high risk range and change in the near future, 30.2% in the medium risk range and need to change, 17% of dentists in the very high risk range and the level of corrective measures need to change quickly, 3.8% were in the low risk range and the likelihood of needing change. Also, the highest frequency of pain in the last 12 months was related to the neck area with 52.8%.Conclusion: The results of the study showed that the prevalence and level of risk of musculoskeletal disorders in dentists is at a high level. In order to reduce the incidence of disorders, it seems necessary to take corrective measures as soon as possible.

Background and Objective: : Respiratory distress is a syndrome that is caused by pulmonary, cardiac, infectious, blood, skeletal and metabolic diseases and may directly and indirectly involve the lungs. Due to the high prevalence of respiratory distress in neonates hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit and high mortality due to respiratory problems of neonates, with timely differentiation of cardiac from non-cardiac causes and supportive treatments, the mortality of this group can be reduced to some extent and the related prognosis can be improved. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the results of echocardiography in the evaluation of neonates with respiratory distress admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit.Materials and Methods: The present study was a retrospective study based on the medical information of 396 neonates with respiratory distress who were hospitalized in the intensive care unit and diagnosed with heart disease by echocardiography. The required information was extracted from the neonate files. And with the help of SPSS 20 software and univariate and multivariate binomial regression model, they were judged statistically.Results: The most common cause of respiratory distress was RDS 42.2% and TTN 37.9% and the most common cardiac findings were 11.4% TR and 5.6% VSD. In all types of respiratory distress, the frequency of abnormal echocardiography increased.Conclusion: In order to diagnose cardiac and non-cardiac respiratory distress, echocardiography is essential, especially in neonates with chest retraction.