Jundishapur Scientific Medical Journal
Year:2023 | Volume:22 | Issue:5|Papers Count:12

Background: MS is an autoimmune, inflammatory disease with demyelination and astrogliosis of the central nervous system that affects the brain and spinal cord. Its prevalence in women is three times that of men.methods: This study was conducted on 42 male and female rats with an approximate weight of 300-350 grams in Shahid Chamran Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahvaz. Material: The male sham group (received normal saline), the female sham group (received normal saline), the male MS group and the female MS group were divided. In order to inject ethidium bromide in the MS groups using a microinjector, rats were Ketamine (80 mg/kg) and xylazine (5 mg/kg) were anesthetized, 0.02% ethidium bromide and 20microliter normal saline were injected using a Hamilton syringe.Results: The results of this study showed that the inflammation and degeneration of nerve cells increased in the MS groups, and this inflammation and degeneration was more in males, and the level of MBP expression in the MS group was reduced compared to other groups, which compared The two genders of this reduction in expression were almost the same, and the amount of GFAP expression in the MS group was increased compared to the other groups, which was higher in the female gender when comparing the two genders.Conclusion: MS causes a decrease in the amount of myelin basic protein and an increase in the astrogliosis factor, which leads to the destruction of the myelin sheath and astrocytes and causes sensory and motor disabilities in people with MS.

Epidermal growth factor receptor prognostic role in lung adenocarcinoma patientsBackground and objectives: It seems that EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors can be used to increase survival in non-small cell cancers. In this study, we intend to investigate the relationship between the occurrence of EGFR factor with other demographic variables and see if its occurrence or non-occurrence has an effect on patient survival or not.Materials and methods: In the current cross-sectional analytical study, 54 patients with lung adenocarcinoma referred to Shahid Sadoughi and Mortaz hospitals in Yazd during 2015-2016 were included in the study. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 software.Results: The average age of the patients (32 men and 22 women) was 59.64 ± 14.79 years. 13 (24.1%) patients were EGFR positive. There was no significant relationship between EGFR status and survival rate (P>0.05). Also, no significant relationship was found between tumor location, tumor grade, and survival rate (P>0.6, 0.7). However, a significant relationship was observed between the survival rate and the age and gender of the patients (p<0.01, p<0.02).Conclusion: According to these data, the elderly and male gender have a reduced chance of survival in individuals with lung adenocarcinoma. Furthermore, EGFR might not be a strong prognostic predictor, according to our findings.

Background and Objective: Midwives, as members of the health team, have an important role in providing health services at three levels of the care system, especially the health center, family, and community. Self-efficacy of clinical performance is an essential variable in providing quality services. This study was conducted to compare the self-efficacy of clinical performance of midwife and non-midwife healthcare workers, working in Ahvaz health centers.Materials and Methods: The present study is a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study carried out on 115 healthcare workers (67 midwives and 48 non-midwives) working in health centers in Ahvaz, Iran. Participants were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria and completed the self-efficacy clinical performance questionnaire. Finally, the results were analyzed in two groups of midwives and non-midwives’ health care workers.Results: According to the analysis, midwives had the highest score of clinical self-efficacy in prenatal care, while non-midwives had the highest score in the field of children. Also, in midwives compared to non-midwives, the self-efficacy score of clinical performance in all areas except children was significantly different, and in all areas, the mean score obtained by midwives was higher than that of non-midwives (p <0.001).Conclusion: Given the higher rate of clinical performance in midwives compared to the non-midwives group, as healthcare providers, in all areas of care provided to healthcare clients, health policymakers should consider this capability of midwives in planning related to health promotion.

Cytokines play an important role in my disease and are considered an important target for therapeutic interventions. the purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of a period of resistance training on the serum level of 17 and interferon beta in young women with MS. Was.Method: The present study was conducted in a semi-experimental way with a pre-test and post-test design. 30 women with MS with age range of 30-35 years were randomly selected in two exercise and control groups. Resistance exercises were performed for 8 weeks and three sessions a week, each session lasting 60 minutes with an intensity of 60-70% of the maximum heart rate. Blood samples were taken before and after the training protocol with 12 hours of fasting and the levels of interleukin 17 and beta interferon were measured by ELISA method. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22 software and covariance test.Results: The results showed that after 8 hours of resistance training intervention, the amount of interleukin 17 in the training group decreased significantly and the amount of beta interferon showed a significant increase compared to the control groupConclusion: Since moderate intensity resistance training decreased interleukin 17 and increased beta interferon in patients with MS, it seems that exercise intervention can be used to treat and prevent the progression of MS along with used drug treatments.

Introduction: Considering that having professional ethics in the clinical area is an important principle for establishing communication between the clinical team and patients, this study was conducted with the aim of investigating the adherence of medical interns of Jundishapur University of Ahvaz to the principles of clinical professional ethics.Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 121 paragliding students of Jundishapur University in 2022. And the sampling method was done in a simple random way. In order to collect information, the Qasimzadeh standard professional ethics questionnaire was used, which has 16 questions in 8 dimensions. In this study, P value less than 0.05 was considered significant.Results: In the studied statistical population (56/2), 68 of them were men, 108 (89/3) were single, and 13 (10/7) were married. The average age was 24.20, in those who accepted the medical ethics course, the average total score and also in the two dimensions of justice and responsibility were higher than those who did not take this course (P=0.010). Agreeableness (6.8) got the lowest score and honesty dimension (7.9) got the highest score.Conclusion: The statistical tests showed that the level of compliance with all the components of professional ethics in this research among medical trainees is strong, also the medical ethics course increases the level of professional ethics. As a result, by promoting professional ethics education, it is possible to increase the level of knowledge and compliance with this importance by students.

Background:Aging is generally associated with a progressive decrease in physical activity, which can affect the quality of life and lead to negative structural and functional changes in different body tissues and reduce their efficiency.High levels of interleukin-10 and interleukin-15 cytokines are related to longevity. The aim of this study is the effect of 12 weeks of resistance training on the serum levels of interleukin-10 and interleukin-15 in middle-aged women.Subjects and Methods:40 middle-aged women (40-59 years old) were selected and randomly divided into2 equal experimental and control groups. The experimental group performed a resistance training program with a training load of 65% to 80%1RM for 12 weeks.Finally,48 hours after the last exercise, the levels of interleukin-10 and interleukin-15 were measured by ELISA method. The Kolmogorov Smirnov test was used to compare the data, and the independent t-test was used for the effectiveness of the exercise at a significance level of P<0.05.Results:The findings showed that there is no difference in weight and BMI between the experimental and control groups before the start of the research (P<0.05). But after training, it was statistically significant (P< 0.05).Also, a significant increase was observed in the levels of interleukin-10 and interleukin-15 after training(P=0.001).Conclusion:It seems that the increased regulation of anti-inflammatory cytokines can have a positive effect on the improvement of physiological conditions caused by resistance training in middle-aged women. Therefore, it is recommended to use strength training to improve the levels of cytokines to increase the strength and performance of muscle mass.

Introduction: Diabetes is a growing global health problem and caused by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. One of the most important genes related to type 2 diabetes is the FTO gene. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between rs6499640 and rs17817449 polymorphisms in the FTO gene with type 2 diabetes in the population of Dezful city.Materials and Methods: In this research study, samples consist of 100 normal people and 100 people with type 2 diabetes were included in the study. DNA extraction was performed after blood sampling. The quantity and quality of extracted DNA was measured using nanodrop and electrophoresis. ARMS-PCR and Tetra-ARMS-PCR technique was used to determine the genotype of samples. Then was used sequencing for confirming of the genotyping results by PCR and data were analyzed statistically.Results: There was no significant relationship in the distribution of genotypes between rs6499640 and rs17817449 polymorphisms of the FTO gene and the increased risk of diabetes in the population of Dezful city was not shown (P value equal to 0.728 and 0.085, respectively). But in the case of rs17817449 polymorphism, a significant relationship was found between the frequency of GG genotype and the risk of type 2 diabetes.Discussion: According to this study results, association between current studied polymorphisms and causing of type 2 diabetes in the population of Dezful city was not declared. For confirming of these results, more studies in the larger population and more sampling are recommended.

Introduction: Congenital heart defects refer to conditions that affect the structure and function of a newborn’s heart. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of congenital heart diseases in hospitalized infants in the neonatal intensive care unit of Amiralmomenin Hospital in Semnan. Methods: In this study, 300 medical records of hospitalized infants who underwent echocardiography in the neonatal intensive care unit of Amiralmomenin Hospital in Semnan during 2020-2021 were reviewed. The overall prevalence of congenital heart diseases and their types (ASD/VSD/PDA/TOF) were determined, and the association of study variables (infant gender, gestational age, maternal age, infant weight, parental family history, medication use during pregnancy, and history of heart disease and gestational diabetes) with congenital heart disease was evaluated.Results: The results showed that out of the total 300 hospitalized infants who underwent echocardiography, 132 infants (44%) were diagnosed with congenital heart disease. PDA and VSD were the most common types of congenital heart diseases with a prevalence of 8.56% and 5.23%, respectively.Conclusion: According to the results, there was a significant association between congenital heart disease and diabetes, hypertension, as well as medication use during pregnancy and family history of heart disease , infant gender, gestational age, and weight did not show a significant association. However, there was a significant association between the type of congenital heart disease and gestational age and infant weight, with an increase in gestational age and infant weight leading to a decrease in the prevalence of congenital heart disease

Background: Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation(CR) programs increase physiological function. However, it’s not yet clear which feature of exercise is most effective in improving important physiological performance indicators in heart patients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effects of high-intensity interval training(HIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training(MCT) on metabolic equivalent of tasks(METs), submaximal myocardial oxygen consumption(MVO2submax), and heart rate recovery(HRR) of heart patients after coronary artery bypass graft(CABG) surgery.Methods: Twenty-four post-CABG patients (15 males and 9 females) with a mean age of 60.75±3.16 years and a mean body mass index (BMI) of 28.40±1.09 kg/m2 were randomly divided into three groups of HIT, MCT and control group (CG). The training groups (HIT and MCT) trained for eight-weeks, three-sessions per week, and 45minutes per session. The research variables (METs, MVO2submax and HRR) were measured and compared in two stages before and after eight-weeks of CR programs.Results: After eight-weeks of CR programs, patients in both training groups showed a significant improvement in METs, MVO2submax and HRR (P<0.05), and the HIT group showed significantly greater improvement in METs (P=0.001) and HRR (P=0.001) compared to the MCT group, as well the MCT group showed a significantly more improvement in MVO2submax (P=0.001) than the HIT group. Also, no cardiovascular adverse events related to HIT or MCT occurred during the implementation of the study.Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, HIT seems to be more effective than MCT in improving METs and HRR of post-CABG patients, and is safe as well.

Introduction and purpose: Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) is a common therapeutic intervention that is performed in patients suffering from coronary heart diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of selected combined rehabilitation exercises on the expression of thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) genes in patients after coronary artery bypass surgery.Method: In this semi-experimental study, 20 male patients from Afshar Hospital (Yazd city) after coronary artery surgery were purposefully selected and available and randomly divided into two groups of combined exercise and control. Combined exercise program group performed aerobic (15-20 minutes with an intensity of 50-60% of the maximum heart rate) and resistance exercise (10-20 minutes, including three movements of the upper limbs and two movements of the lower limbs, each movement includes three sets and each set with 10 repetitions and 30 to 60 percent of a maximum repetition) for 10 weeks (30 sessions) and three sessions per week. Gene expression was measured by Real Time PCR method.. The data were analyzed using the Paired t-test and One-Way ANOVA at the P<0.05.Results: After the intervention period, a significant decrease in the expression of IL-1β was observed, but no significant difference was observed in the expression of TSP-1.Conclusion: Combined exercises as a non-pharmacological rehabilitation intervention can be useful in patients who have undergone CABG by reducing systemic inflammation.

Background and purpose: Medicines that reduce insulin levels along with increasing insulin sensitivity have created great hope for the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome. The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of metformin and inofolic in inducing ovulation in patients with resistant polycystic ovary syndrome. Methodology: This randomized clinical trial study was conducted on 40 patients referred to the infertility clinic with PCOS. Patients were randomly divided into two groups: metformin (receive 1 tablet of 500 mg twice a day) and inofolic (receive 1 sachet twice a day, half an hour before breakfast and half an hour before dinner). The treatment continued for 3 months. During the treatment period, both groups underwent ovulation stimulation (received 5 days of oral administration (clomiphene citrate tablet 100 mg daily or letrozole tablet 5 mg daily)) as well as injectable gonadotropin. Results: The presence of at least one mature follicle in both groups was completely similar, and the number of mature follicles in both groups had a relatively similar pattern (P = 0.26). The pregnancy rate in the group receiving inofolic and metformin was 25% and 15%, respectively.Conclusion: The findings of the present study showed that the effectiveness of inositol in terms of improving ovarian function and the occurrence of pregnancy in PCOS patients is similar to metformin.

Background and Objectives Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men worldwide and the third leading cause of cancer-related death in men after lung and colon cancer. The present study aimed to assess the relationship of prostate volume and serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) with body mass index (BMI) in men over 40 years old in Ahvaz.Subjects and Methods This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on apparently healthy men over 40 years of age. Parameters, such as age, BMI, prostate volume, and PSA level, were checked in all subjects. The relationship between age, BMI, prostate volume, and PSA level in men over 40 was evaluated as prostate cancer diagnosis parameters.Results The mean age of subjects was 58.61±10.01 years. A significant relationship was observed between BMI and prostate volume (P=0.019), BMI and PSA level (P=0.001), prostate volume and age of patients (P<0.001), and age and PSA level (r=0.821; P<0.001). People with higher BMI had higher mean prostate volume and PSA levels compared to those with lower BMI. An increase in age was significantly associated with increasing prostate volume and PSA level. In general, there was no correlation between prostate volume and PSA level (P=0.37).Conclusion As evidenced by the results of this hospital study, an increase in age and BMI are positively related to PSA concentration and prostate volume; nonetheless, no correlation was observed between PSA and prostate volume. BMI and age may be better parameters to estimate PSA concentration and prostate volume.