Rural Development Strategies
Year:2014 | Volume:1 | Issue:1|Papers Count:8

The present study aims to estimate there creational value of the forest park named Chehelchay in Golestan province in visitor viewpoints, and investigate factors affecting willingness to pay, using conditional valuation and double-choice questionnaire. For this purpose, using 183 questionnaires completed through visitors, individual’s willingness to pay measured by the Logit model. The results suggest that the willingness to pay to use recreational value of Chehelchay strait is correlated directly to income and education variables and inversely related to price, age and gender significantly. So that one percent increase in the amount of the amount bid, the probability of accepting money in part of tourists will reduced to 40 percent. Average willingness to pay for forest park was obtained 19742 Rial at each visit. According to number annual visitors, the annual value of recreational value is estimated about 2 billion Rials. This results, denote the importance of annual investment in the region in order to increase the willingness of tourists visiting and tourism incomes of such area.

Agriculture sector is the most important part of the economy that has been considered by economists because of is having lots of production factors, include labor force. So, considering employment potential of this sector has particular importance among policy makers. In this study, using panel data, the impact of exports on employment in in the agricultural sub-sectors of Iran, including agriculture and horticulture, livestock, fisheries and forestry, during 1992-2010 has been studied. Results show that export growth has a significant positive effect on employment in all sub sectors except livestock sub-sector and its coefficient in horticulture, livestock, fisheries and forestry, is 0.04, 0.001, 0.03 and 0.04, respectively. Also the rates of fixed effects that indicate employment potential of agricultural sub-sectors is equal to 2.72 for agriculture and horticulture, 2.40 for livestock, -2.39 for fisheries and -2.73 for forestry sub-sector. According to the findings, support and supervision and administration of public and private investment to promote exports, would be important and effective to increase employment in agriculture and its sub-sectors.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of information and communication technology development on economic development and income distribution of rural communities and to answer this question that whether the development of information and communication technologies in rural areas could improve income distribution condition in these communities or not. To this end, data on 30 province of country during 2000-2009 and panel data method has used. Results approves Kuznet's inverted U theory with respect to the economic growth and income distribution and shows that information and communication technology development has improved the income distribution and economic justice in country's rural communities. The negative and significant coefficient (-0.15), of number of computer users among rural households, show that the development of information and communication technologies in rural areas of the country play as a factor for improving income distribution in these communities. The model estimation also showed a significant and positive effect of urbanization and unemployment on the dependent variable. This means that with rising unemployment, the condition of income distribution has worsened in rural communities during the period of study.

The aim of this study is rating Hamadan’s rural areas considering rate of enjoyment of development indicators and to determine the location of studied villages in rural -Urban chain. To this end, based on data from the General Census of Population and Housing in 1385, 37 social - economic indicators had been selected, and classified by numerical taxonomy to determine their degree of development. The results showed, villages classified in three groups of degrees of development, including, high degrees of development (18.18%), average degree of development (63.63%), and low degree of development (18.18%). The coefficients of variation results showed that the improvement of relative development level of rural area has been not followed with equal, sustainable and integrated development. The result of positioning the village center districts in the Rural-Urban chain revealed that Famenin is the most urban area and Tajrak the most rural area in the chain.

Drought and poor distribution of rainfall in time and space, is inescapable reality that subject any sustainable food to correct and rational use of limited water resources of country. One way to avoid excessive withdrawal of water resources is to aware farmers and stakeholders in the region, to reduce the charge of the government and transfer of water management through agricultural cooperation. This study prioritize creation of the agricultural water cooperation in seven villages of Salami County from Khaf city of Razavi Khorasan province. The method of research is analytical and descriptive and is based on library field studies. The villages in the study area include 730 peasant families that according to Cochran formula, 252 farmers (households) were selected as sample society and were given some questionnaires regarding the matter. The 18 indicators were selected for study and examined by experts in relation to the establishment of agricultural water cooperation and using SAW Multi-Criteria Decision Making prioritized regarding to place for creation of agricultural cooperation. According to this method, Ahmedabad village with a score of 0.4627 is the first priority and Chardah village with 0.4143 points is the second priority for establishing agricultural cooperation.

Tourism development in rural areas is one of the main strategies to achieve rural development. The aim of this descriptive-analytical study is to analyze the impact of rural tourism in the socio-economic development of rural areas (Kesselian County) of Mazandaran province. Data collected using 190 questionnaires determined using Cochrane formula. The validity of the questionnaires were confirmed by Cronbach Alpha equal to 0.796. The results show that there is significant positive relationship between rural tourism and improve in rural household income, health, sewage and waste disposal systems as well as development of rural homes and roads. The factor analysis results show that the best important positive effects of rural tourism in rural areas are infrastructural development, economic development and development of employment; and main negative effects of rural tourism in rural areas are destruction of the business environment, increased of social abnormalities and destruction of cultural environment.

The main purpose of this study is to investigate effects of rural ICT office services on developing rural social capital. It’s a descriptive-conductive study using simple random sampling. The population society are peasants of Godin village in Kangavar county of Kermanshah province. The sample size using Morgan and Krejcie table was determined 350 but the rate of return was 254 questionnaires. Results showed there was significant difference a bout level of social capital between user and non-user ICT's services. Access to ICT services in rural offices, including access to the Internet can lead to better acceptance of differences and these people were more involved in community and have more participatory in community. Based on these results it is proposed to develop the necessary infrastructure and encourage peasants in using this technology for the development of social capital and to success in rural development programs.

The aim of this study is to investigate factors affecting pomegranate growers' tendency toward agricultural insurance in Natanz County. Sample size was 250 that were selected by Kucran formula collected by questionnaire. Questionnaire reliability was examined by Cronbach's Alpha method about 80 percent. Findings revealed that willingness to insurance has direct relation with age, background in orchard production, number of household members, awareness toward insurance, positive attitude about insurance, risk prone, social participator, use of information resources in relation to insurance, annual income, production amount, total area of orchard. Moreover, those pomegranate growers that agricultural production was their second job, in compare to those who agricultural production was their main job, had more tendency toward insurance. Besides, those who got into debt in compare to those who did not get into debt had more tendency toward insurance. Using information resources to enhance pomegranate growers' awareness toward insurance, delivering supportive services for small holder pomegranate growers, and installment of insurance amount for those who have less earned income, are some part of those recommendations which have been presented in this study in order to enhance tendency toward agricultural insurance.