Geography (Regional Planning)
Year:2022 | Volume:12 | Issue:48|Papers Count:51

Considering that one of the duties of governments is to provide suitable and resistant shelter for the weak sections of the society and villagers, as a result, one of the government's incentive policies is to provide loans to the villagers, in this way, it is possible to improve rural houses and improve their resistance against accidents. natural payment The purpose of this research is not only to evaluate the housing improvement plan, but considering the vulnerability of the rural strata and their deprivation, the granting of housing improvement loans can be effective in all aspects of their lives, especially in terms of mental and physical security, so in this research Investigating the effects of granting loans on the quality of life and psychological, economic and social security of villagers has been discussed. The current research method is descriptive-analytical and practical in terms of purpose. The statistical population in this research is all the households that benefited from housing improvement loans from 1384 to 1397 (1428 households). Based on the Morgan table method, 302 households were randomly selected as a sample and questioned. In order to question the households, a questionnaire was developed to evaluate the effects of the credits granted to the households in terms of economic, social, physical and environmental aspects, and also a questionnaire was developed to determine the effective components in the research of the sustainable policy model of housing improvement credits with a survey of experts and The professors were edited. To analyze the data, SPSS statistical analysis software and mean difference methods, factor analysis model and T-TEST were used. The results of the data analysis showed that in Mallard city, the credits granted in recent years have left positive effects in all the investigated dimensions; So that the average of all the studied dimensions is higher than the ideal state, that these loans have an effect on the economy of households, mental and psychological peace, sense of security, housing resistance against natural disasters, especially earthquakes, and the biological health of households, and considering the positive effects of these loans In the following, it was determined that, based on the investigated indicators, the influential components in the process of receiving facilities and improving and accelerating its implementation, the economic, social and organizational-administrative components played a role in the implementation of the housing improvement project as well as possible, and the greater the desirability of these 3 The component is effective in implementing the mentioned plan as best as possible.

Aristotle, Mackinder ,hoffer,Spykman,mahan,kissinger,brzezinskicohen,huntington,fukuyama and Scientists who have worked on power, international relations, and geopolitics, they all agree that Iran is a strategic country ,That " s why he has always been under threat .the new city of importance in southwest of Tehran due to the existence of important and strategic centers in and around the city. These centers, in addition to the management of crisis management and non-factors management ,are at risk due to non-operating defense principles and crisis management ,and the threshold of resistance ,deterrence and swing are low ,the purpose of this study is practical. The variables investigated in it include the identification of strengths, in order to reduce losses resulting from probable risks, Enemy attacks are the lifting of defensive power ,the threshold of national resistance ,deterrence and planning or the city is defensive .the data collection method is mainly library and is used according to the type of research from field (studies of interview and observation .in this study, the SWOT technique has been used to explore the city's strengths and weak ness and to study the city system's compliance with non-factor defense principles and crisis management . which leads to the enforcement requirements of the strategic paradigm of crisis management and civil defense for the city of thought. The results show the lack of implementation and not respect of the principles of crisis management and non-factor defense in the city of thought.

In traditional urban planning, the mosque was always at the turning point of the environment and in a system of various and familiar functions, it was considered a part of the necessities of the current life of the city. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of the Islamic worldview on the position of the mosque as an urban space and the role of the mosque as an essential element in the Islamic city in the economy of culture and security. This research is descriptive-analytical in terms of study method and empirically, spatial and structural cognition of physical space is done by cognitive mapping through sketching to measure cognitive representations and behavioral concepts in social interactions. The study area is the city of Dezful in Khuzestan province. The findings showed that the position of the mosque (as a place of worship) has been reduced and a very incomplete and limited understanding of the concept and reality of the mosque as a social space has been done. Mosques, as a part of the spatial-physical structure of the city, is a formative element and one of the most central and valuable physical element crystallizing the Islamic society, which has various social, economic, political and physical functions in urban development. Therefore, establishing the centrality of the mosque from a theoretical point of view as a cohesive joint in the physical and spatial structure of neighborhoods, which should be on the agenda of local development management in urban planning and design.

More or less all the countries of the Persian Gulf region, especially the Arab countries, have territorial and border differences. Resolving regional disputes is doubly important because it acts as an intermediary between internal security and external security and is the Achilles heel of governments. Orientation of threats from external centers is the point of vulnerability of the regimes, and in any case, the relations between the neighbors are strained. According to this introduction, the main purpose of the research is to study and recognize the territorial and border disputes of Iran with the countries of the Persian Gulf and to provide a leadership model for resolving problems. The main question of the research is whether the improvement of Iran's relations with influential countries in the region (USA, Britain, Egypt and Saudi Arabia, etc.) will reduce the tension between Iran and the United Arab Emirates and forget about the islands? this article With a comprehensive approach and qualitative research method based on Strauss and Corbin's theory, he has presented a model for resolving maritime border disputes in Iran's relations with the southern countries of the Persian Gulf. The sample size for interviewing experts was finalized within the framework of theoretical saturation, and the strategy of data theory based on open coding, and the theory of this theory was used to compile the entire text of the article. The findings led to the identification of causal conditions, contextual conditions, intervening conditions and dimensions of the phenomenon of border disputes.

Maritime transport is one of the constant features of human life, which is generally associated with a place and geography. In this industry, time is a vital element, so the delay and detention of the ship should be avoided as much as possible, and the damages for detention and how to compensate it has always been one of the important issues in maritime law. In each charter parties, in order to avoide from detention of ship during the loading and discharging operation, term is predicted as demurrage. Demurrage is a form of obligation, meaning that the charterer is required to pay a certain amount to the ship owner in exchange for stopping beyond the time allowed for loading and discharge. Therefore the charterer must consider the capacity and facilities of ports of origin and destination for optimal use of time, as a result, taking into accidental risks for example sanctions, give him/his an allowed time for loading and discharge. Because which can prevent the performance of voyage charter parties. The issue discussed in the present article, is realized only in certain voyage charter parties and maritime bill of lading that includes a charter parties. So in this article we are trying to answer the question of who is responsible for the delays in loading and discharge ships and can regional mechanisms prevent detention of ships? With a descriptive- analytical approach, we will seek a convincing answer to it.

nowdays, the development of cities as well as the developments of urban life is one of the most important issues around the world and providing comfort and well-being of citizens along with providing positive and uplifting emotions is essential. It is important to increase the quality of urban life and improve The components related to the place have been studied and one of the important dimensions in improving the quality of life of urban dwellers is the attachment to the place. Due to the new design-led urban planning approach, this study tries to answer this important point and its purpose is to identify the factors affecting the promotion of a sense of attachment to the place by emphasizing the design-led planning approach. First, by studying the literature and previous researches in the field of sense of attachment to the place, the primary and influential factors were summarized and in order to analyze the data, the content analysis method was used. In open coding, 76 indicators were identified, which in axial coding were summarized in 9 criteria: environmental-contextual, emotional-emotional, social-participatory, physical, cultural-belief, cognitive-perceptual, user individuality, design and planning. As a result, in selective coding, 3 influential factors of place identity, place dependence and design-based planning were determined and presented in the form of a conceptual model of these factors affecting the promotion of sense of attachment to the place with emphasis on design-led planning approach.

Contemporary physical and urban spaces face unfortunate consequences due to the sensory deprivation of human connection with the world around them And overemphasis on the mental and conceptual dimensions of architecture further leads to the destruction of the physical, sensory nature of architecture.Mark L. Johnson and George Lakoff pay special attention to the ability of architectural phenomenology to make the created spaces meaningful, by raising the issue of the physicality of meaning and emphasizing the importance of the body's place in the process of perception and cognition.. This study seeks to answer the question of what patterns underlie the fundamental phenomenological quality of the experience of bodily perception from the perspective of Johnson and Lakoff's ideas? And what components does he discover as receiving the meaning derived from the experience of presence? The research findings show that bodily sensory perception is the center of our experience and understanding of the world around us in order to give a pure experience to human beings. The results of this study indicate that eleven components were extracted based on the phenomenological concepts of sensory perceptions in order to determine the qualitative patterns of perception of the corporeality of meaning in the urban space of several squares of Tehran, including event space, patterning activities, sensory richness, readability, memory and imagination, Presence, sense of history, detail, geometric form and proportions, surroundings and signs.

The issue of Rentierism is common topic in economies based on selling of the natural resources. In Iran, the accumulation of monetary resources from the oil trade in control of the government has led to rents. The resources that the government distributes at its own desire in different areas. In the meantime, combining the money factor and land will form housing rentierism in Iran. Meanwhile, combining the economic factor with land and housing in the form of land and housing rentierism, which is very common in Iran urban-rural and natural landscapes. The interest of this type of rentierism in the spatial concentration of the capital and its surroundings has become the center of such phenomenon. The present study has been conducted in related to this sort of rentierism in Taleghan county as one of the hinterlands of Tehran and Karaj metropolises, in order to identify the local-regional process of rentierism creation and expansion. This research was done using qualitative research method (using grounded theory model). The type of research was fundamental and had the purpose of enhancing-expanding the knowledge. The research tools were interviews, the statistical population of researchers in the field of rentier economy in land and housing sector, a sample of 15 people.The analysis of the interview was also performed with the MAXQDA 2018 software. The results analyzed at both lexical and categorical levels. Thus, 5 codes and 54 sub-codes related to the dimensions and factors of creating and expanding land-housing rentierism in Taleghan county been identified.

The bazaar is one of the important and influential elements in Islamic cities. The built space of traditional bazaars represents the architectural identity and urban planning of the city, and social interactions are strengthened in this space. The purpose of the research is to investigate the characteristics of local architecture and cultural indicators based on social interaction in the traditional bazaars of Tabriz, Urmia, and Zanjan. Data was collected through historical-analytical documents, descriptive survey method, and the technique of questionnaires and research sheets. Questionnaires were completed from guilds, trades, and customers of the bazaar through the sampling method. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire was obtained through experts and the Cronbach's alpha coefficient was above 0.7. The findings showed that the components of space, climate, landscape, and culture and form are effective in creating an atmosphere of social interaction in the traditional bazaars of northwestern Iran. Functionally, the traditional space of the bazaar fulfills the needs of citizens and strengthens the sense of belonging and creates the potential of social networks. Therefore, how traditional spaces respond to human needs is considered in this research. How can you make a deep connection with the traditional bazaar patterns based on the concepts of native architecture and regional culture?

The present study has analyzed the position of Iran's regional influence in the new geopolitics of the Middle East with emphasis on the period 2011 to 2020 and has used a descriptive-analytical method to analyze the research findings. The results show that factors such as increasing Iran's influence in Iraq, increasing Iran's influence in Jordan and increasing Iran's influence in Yemen and increasing the influence of culture through historical-cultural and linguistic commonalities in the Middle East are the highest factors of the Islamic Republic of Iran. be Factors such as increasing Iran's influence in Kuwait, reducing Iran-UAE tensions, reducing Iran-Bahrain tensions and increasing Iran's influence in Jordan are not considered as Iran's strategies in the new geopolitical structure of the Middle East. In the next article, the most important challenges facing the Islamic Republic of Iran in the new geopolitical structure of the Middle East are factors such as Saudi Arabia's economic and political support for separatist parties in Iran, increasing support for the disbanded Komula party, Mossad spies and the terrorist regime. US and Turkish economic and political support for separatist parties in Iran are the most important challenges facing the Islamic Republic of Iran in the new geopolitical structure of the Middle East.

The identities of any society are influenced by the political, economic, cultural and social conditions of that society. Despite the existence of common elements between identities and their construction, the identity of the Islamic Revolution has a different approach due to its religious and Islamic principles. In this regard, the present study seeks to examine the consolidating elements of national identity from the perspective of Imam Khomeini's thought. Therefore, the research question is what are the characteristics of the elements that shape the discourse of the Islamic Revolution from Imam Khomeini's point of view? They are not places and they conquered territories. This approach can be a basis for regionalization and globalization of the idea of identity desired by Imam Khomeini (ra), which causes the fattening of national identity and its support outside the territorial borders of Iran. At the forefront of these concepts is the universal umbrella of the "Islamic Ummah" as a fundamental principle. The method that has been used to study these cases is the descriptive-analytical method and citing library sources, views and statements of Imam Khomeini.

Energy security is an economic-political issue, so on the one hand, important parts of the economy talk about availability, scarcity, market performance and price formation, energy trade and economic development of countries, and On the other hand, energy security is determined by the geopolitical environment and international relations. This descriptive-analytical research seeks to evaluate the level of domestic energy availability, consumption levels and energy policies in an economic analysis and to prove with the relevant descriptions that the international economic order controls the energy market. This theoretical framework analyzes the interactions between economics and politics in the international system, and in particular between governments and markets. In order to explain, economic analysis, international political economy, and international relations will provide an ideal conceptual and theoretical basis for the subject under analysis. Was. For this reason, in order to explain the subject, questions are raised that the accuracy of their analysis can logically answer the impact and impressionability, the first question is how the economy affects political issues? And the second question in line with the first question is how the level of openness and integration in the international economy affects the national policies, interests and decisions of different actors?

Floods are one of the natural hazards that cause a lot of damage in cities. Resilience is one of the ways to reduce the effects of natural hazards. In this study, the material resilience of Isfahan against urban floods was investigated. First, Gis layers of 15 areas of Isfahan city and materials were prepared and the problems of each area were extracted. Then factor analysis was performed on them and the factors affecting the materials were identified. The relevant questionnaire was completed by 35 experts to assess material problems and related tests were performed on them. According to the results, a total of 4 factors explain more than 90% of the variance of the data. The first factor with 50.51% was called slope correction, the second factor with 18.45% was called material reopening, the third factor with 13.14% was called material cleaning, and the fourth factor with 8.2% was named as dredging. The results of t-test showed that according to the average of community 3 in all three social, physical and managerial-institutional criteria, the material situation of Isfahan is at a desirable level. In the community of 5, all three material criteria of Isfahan are far from the desired conditions. Considering that the materials of regions 15, 6, 12 and 10 have the least problems, respectively, it can be said that these regions have the highest resilience and the materials of regions 9, 8, 1 and 13 have the most problems. They have the least resilience.

Cities are one of the human-geographical phenomena that have an important and prominent position in the equations of politics and power. From the past until now, cities have been the seat of rulers, a symbol and a space for exercising power in the realm of government, as well as a place to display the glory of power and the struggle over power, and hence the explanation of the city is a complex matter. On the other hand, the cities are continuously competing with each other, so that the actors try to attract more of their financial and human capital. According to this introduction, if we consider cities and especially metropolises as the center of resources and wealth for the production of power, in Iran, the metropolis of Tehran is considered as the center of power production in the country, which has many geographical and human resources of power that the actors in They are trying to shape power relations by having these resources. In the meantime, the human dimensions of the geopolitics of Tehran metropolis include the sources of power that the actors seek to acquire and exploit. The present research, using the descriptive-analytical method, seeks to identify geopolitical components with a human nature in the metropolis of Tehran. Based on the findings of the research, population quantity, population quality, population structure, population diversity, centrality of political parties, efficient urban management, political-social participation of citizens are among the geographic sources of power with human nature in Tehran metropolis. The results of the research show that geopolitical components with a human nature have given Tehran metropolis a competitive advantage so that it can play a role at (national and transnational) levels and gain a geopolitical position for this city.

Effective leadership is one of the most effective strategies for attracting and retaining talent and ensuring competitive advantage in the long term. The main issue that the researcher pursues in this research This is to what extent the system of development and improvement of human resources in medical science university of Mazandaran makes it possible to develop leadership, at the individual and system level? The research is applied in terms of purpose and is a survey in terms of nature and descriptive method. The statistical population included the staff of medical science university of Mazandaran who were selected from 265 people by stratified random sampling method. Library method and researcher-made questionnaire were used to collect information, The validity of the questions was evaluated and confirmed using the CVR criterion. Cronbach's alpha was used to determine the reliability of the questionnaire, the value of which was 0.8. One-sample t-test was used to analyze the data. The evaluation results showed that the human resources development and improvement system of medical science university of Mazandaran provides the possibility of developing the leadership process at the individual level. At the system level, in terms of organizational learning and appropriate network conditions, But in the dimension of shared leadership, it is not possible to develop leadership. It also takes the necessary measures to improve individual and system level interactions, stress management and system adaptation to complex conditions. On the other hand, it also provides the necessary facilitators for the development of leadership

Dealing with corruption is now in the focus of domestic law and international law documents. Several international documents have been prepared to deal with corruption, in which corruption in the banking system has also been taken into consideration. Among them, the International Convention against Corruption, the International Convention on Organized Crime and the 1988 Basel Agreement can be mentioned. In Islamic approaches to banking corruption based on some Islamic rules such as; The prohibition of robbery and misappropriation of wealth has been countered. The present article has first examined and analyzed the situation of dealing with banking corruption from the perspective of international law by reviewing international documents, after that the Islamic approaches and teachings of dealing with corruption have been pointed out, so that in this way, the capacities of these two systems in dealing with bank corruption in a historical and analytical way. The conclusion of the research is that the major differences in these two legal systems will cause the non-criminalization of some criminal behaviors, the existence of numerous rule-making institutions in the field of fighting banking corruption, and the lack of a specific rule-making authority in Islamic jurisprudence in the field of fighting banking corruption. .

Inefficient urban contexts, including suburbanization and the issues and problems associated with them, have emerged as one of the major challenges of the country's urban planning and management system in recent decades. Lack of attraction of marginalized people in the economic and social system of the city causes these people to be expelled to informal areas that are prone to various crimes and delinquencies.One of the objectives of this study is to investigate the relationship between the place of residence of citizens in the suburbs of Yasuj and the increase in crime in these settlements.The present research is descriptive-inferential in nature and scholarly (developmental-applied) in terms of research purpose. The spatial framework of the research and the statistical population include the population of Yasuj (134532 people) and the surrounding settlements including Madavan Sofla, Belhazar and Mehrian (19908 people) (Statistical Center of Iran, 2016). 383 people, random sampling method, data collection tool for criminals who have committed urban crimes in this geographical area, was done through a questionnaire and obtaining information from relevant agencies. In order to validate the research questionnaire, the opinions of consulting professors and supervisors and to assess the reliability of the survey work, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used. Findings show that there is a significant relationship between the residence of citizens in the suburbs of Yasuj and the increase in crime in these settlements and migration, poverty culture, inadequate urban infrastructure, psychological and social damage, family differences and honor in the rate of crime.They are effective cities.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of antecedent and outcome factors of the country of origin of production on the acceptance of Iranian consumers of Chinese goods.The present study, according to the existing objectives, is an applied research and a technique used to collect information and survey data.The statistical population of the study includes consumers(citizens aged 15 to 65 years)and the sample size of the study is 384 people.In order to collect data, multi-stage cluster sampling method was used.The research tool is a researcher-made questionnaire and consists of 53 questions in the form of Likert scale.Validity or validity of research tools, using the CH method.The lavage was calculated and the Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to measure the reliability of the research instrument.Based on the results of multivariate regression, the effect of product price variables, advertising and branding, consumer attitude towards production origin, brand image, product characteristics, consumer perception of products and socio-economic base on the acceptance of Chinese goods by Iranian consumers is significant.But the effect of attitudes toward foreign products(nationalism)with a significant level (0.592)and social and cultural factors with a significant level (0.389)on the acceptance of Chinese goods by Iranian consumers is not significant.According to the research findings, it can be concluded that despite the negative attitude towards Chinese products in the country, consumers easily accept the desired characteristics of goods and reasonable prices of Chinese goods if there is a brand image.

The main purpose of this article is to identify the factors affecting the domestic tourism demand in Tehran with the Dimtel approach and content analysis. The method of conducting research is mixed (qualitative-quantitative). In order to conduct this research, in addition to the documentary study, the content analysis technique with MAXQDA12 software was used to identify the factors and components. The statistical population in this study was all experts in the field of management and cultural planning, tourism, which after the interview was 11 theoretical saturation and all interviews lasted between 60 to 85 minutes. In addition, semi-structured interviews with university experts and specialized physicians in 1399 were conducted in the form of open, pivotal and selective codes, and the Dimtel technique was used to determine the effectiveness and effectiveness of the components. According to the semi-structured interviews, 269 concepts and 66 open codes were extracted for the factors affecting the domestic tourism demand in Tehran, which finally included 6 dimensions (social services, welfare and advertising services, economic services, cultural and religious services, services Tourism and educational services) were extracted as the main factors for domestic tourism demand in Tehran. Then, according to the pairwise comparison questionnaire to identify the effective and influential components, it was determined that the components of tourism services, welfare and advertising services, social services and cultural and religious services, respectively, and the dimensions of educational services and economic services are affected, respectively.

The present research seeks to describe and interpret the actions and actions of the participants (third grade high school students in Shiraz city) in the phenomenon of user identity and security in Telegram and Instagram social networks and discover the lived experience of entering social networks. and describe The complexity and multifacetedness of the phenomenon under study on the one hand, and its contextuality in the cultural context on the other hand, led to the adoption of a qualitative approach and phenomenological strategy and contextual theory. For this purpose, we tried to collect research data with various tools such as in-depth and semi-structured interviews, field and collaborative observations, informal conversations and the use of documents and reports. The statistical population of the research includes 15 female students and 18 male students in one district of Shiraz. The researcher stopped the interview after reaching theoretical saturation. In this research, a combination of two qualitative methods, phenomenology and grounded theory, and two theoretical and purposeful sampling methods were used. From the review of the texts related to the data collected from interviews with users of virtual space, the concepts of self-reflection and the development of reflexive thinking, interactions and communications in Telegram and Instagram, the experience of time and place displacement, the experience of anxiety and trust, the experience of freedom, independence Individuality and power of idealism, communication transformation, controllism and lack of security were extracted. The main and final concept of the director's power, which expresses the role-playing and action power of the virtual space user compared to the real world, and the user can experience diverse and sometimes conflicting roles and functions at the same time, which is due to the user's directorial power in the social network.

Tourism and its ever-increasing development as well as the creation of second homes affected by the presence of tourists in tourist areas is an important issue due to the effects it leaves behind in the host society. Second homes and their expansion undoubtedly bring environmental advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, the purpose of the current research is to investigate the environmental effects of the creation and expansion of second homes in the tourist area of ​​Lahijan. The environmental effects resulting from the creation of second homes were taken from the information obtained from the theoretical foundations of the research and summarized in the form of a researcher-made questionnaire, the validity of which was calculated using the alpha formula of 0.79 and was provided to the respondents. The statistical population was calculated with the help of Cochran's formula of 125 experts and specialists. To analyze the data obtained from the questionnaires, SPSS software was used to test the hypothesis, and one-sample t-test statistics were used. Correlation coefficient and analysis of variance were used to check the hypotheses. The results showed that the correlation between viability and vulnerability is 0.53, which is significant with a significance level of 0.0001. The correlation between physical-spatial dimension is 0.42, which is significant with a significance level of 0.001. The correlation between cultural-social dimension is 0.27, which is significant with a significance level of 0.02. The correlation between environment is 0.29 which is significant with a significance level of 0.01. The correlation between the economic dimension is 0.32, which is significant with a significance level of 0.001. The results of variance analysis showed that the effects of livability are different between different villages.

Neighborhood development in the form of a participatory, democratic and neighborhood-based process has been emphasized for decades in developed countries as the focus of sustainable urban development programs and metropolitan areas. On the other hand, in order to improve the business environment and increase economic growth and development, the necessary conditions for this issue must be met. Therefore, concepts such as collective participation, attachment to the neighborhood environment, creating equal opportunities with greater efficiency, are only materialized in the shadow of the concept of neighborhood development and urban neighborhood planning. The main purpose of this article is to provide a qualitative model of new business development with a neighborhood-based approach in the metropolis of Tehran. The main question of the article is what are the dimensions, components and important characteristics in business development and neighborhood performance in Tehran? The research method of this research is content analysis with a deductive categorical system, and its type is applied. By identifying 615 concept codes, coding and categorizing them in three steps, finally 189 main indicators; in five dimensions and 22 components, these indicators were explained and adjusted using a three-stage Delphi technique among 32 scientific and executive experts. Finally, a new business development model based on the neighborhood-based approach in the metropolitan area of Tehran was presented in five dimensions: information technology development, improving the business environment, customer relationship management, neighborhood-centered approach and entrepreneurial leadership.

پارادایم بلند مرتبه سازی رویکردی نوین در برنامه ریزی شهری برای استفاده بهینه از اراضی شهری است­، اما احداث این شکل بناها همواره با چالش­هایی روبرو بوده است. در نتیجه هدف پژوهش تاثیر بلندمرتبه سازی بر نحوه­ی گسترش افقی شهر، حقوق همجواری و حل مشکل زمین در دو منطقه 2 و 4 شهر و مقایسه آن با همدیگر و اثرات مثبت و منفی این الگو در این دو منطقه و در نتیجه ارائه راه کار مناسب برای استفاده بهینه از ساختمان­های بلندمرتبه و کاهش اثرات سوء آن و به حداقل رساندن معایب چنین ساختمان­هایی در شهر تبریز و نهایتاً ارائه الگوی مناسب برای صدور پروانه ساختمانی در مناطق مناسب و استفاده حداکثری از این الگو می باشد. روش پژوهش پیمایشی و تحلیلی است. داده ها با استفاده از روش کتابخانه ای، میدانی بوده و داده های حاصل از پرسشنامه جمع آوری و استخراج شده است. اطلاعات و داده های مورد نظر با استفاده از نرم افزار Spss و با تکیه بر تجزیه و تحلیل کمی، آمار توصیفی، استنباطی و همچنین آزمون کای اسکور مورد ارزیابی توصیقی و مقایسه ای قرار گرفته است. یافته های پژوهش، حاکی از آن است که اولاً روش بلندمرتبه سازی توانسته است تا حدود زیادی مشکل تأمین مسکن در دو منطقه شهر تبریز را حل نموده و از گسترش شهر در افق جلوگیری نماید. امام علیرغم این مزیت اثر منفی بر رعایت حقوق همجواری و همسایگی داشته است و اینکه روش مناسبی برای حل مشکل زمین و مسکن در دو منطقه شهر تبریز نبوده است.

The purpose of this study is to explain the reconstruction of the historical context of the city with emphasis on the revival and prosperity of public spaces in the 12th district of Tehran. The method of the present study is developmental in terms of purpose because it aims to identify and construct a conceptual model of integrated urban regeneration from the perspective of sustainable development. Also, in terms of data type, this research is a combination of research (qualitative-quantitative). The sample size is 384 people. The results show that the total regeneration index is a combination of the average of the four components in this study. A single-sample t-test was used for the total component status. The results of this test show that the significance is at the level of 95%. Considering the estimated average value (3) and the average obtained from the statistical population (2.40) and the negative difference between the two, this result shows that the total regeneration index is not in a good condition and the assumption of low regeneration satisfaction is acceptable in the study area.

Modernity is an universal and dominant thought, that produces a great narrative and it includes small identities and they are being used to create a great narrative.Intellectuals tried to present a great narrative about Iranian identity,with emphasis on nationalism and in this way, they considered small and native identities as an obstacle to the realization of their narrative and they tried to reject or remove that. In this attitude,anything that disrupted Iran`s great concept was discared or was looked at it with pessimism. The narration of history from the Islamic basis found an Iranian basis and ancient history was viewed as an independent subject. In order to spread education and find a clear identity, it was suggested to improve the language and alphabet, and ethnicity and native identities specially Arabs, was viewed as an important factor in Iran`s backwardness and non_formation of the “home land”. In this article, the author examines the works of three Iranian intellectuals (Mirza FathAli Akhundzadeh,Mirza AgaKhan Kermani and Jalaluddin Mirza Qajar) and seeks to analyze their view of micro-identities to show that this view has a great impact on the intellectualism of the constitutional era and left the first Pahlavi period, which was with an emphasis on nationalism, and this in itself has strengthened the Iranian identity and indigenous culture and its manifestation in cities and urban planning, because cities should not distance themselves from their original and indigenous identity because they themselves It causes social and physical and identity anomalies in cities and citizens.

Climate change has been accepted as one of the new challenges affecting the international community in various dimensions, so that in addition to numerous relevant international conventions, including the UN Framework Convention and the Paris Agreement. , Has also been included in the discussions of the UN Security Council. Most of the problems caused by climate change are in developing countries rather than developed ones. Although developed countries are the largest emitters of greenhouse gases, developing and less developed countries are most vulnerable. The negatives are due to climate change. Developing and less developed countries have the least technological capabilities to combat climate change. Climate change-related technologies that are responsible for mitigation and adaptation are mainly developed in developed countries. And intellectual property rights protect these technologies as valuable assets, creating special monopolies for owners of these useful and emerging technologies. This research has been done with a descriptive-analytical approach, and seeks to answer the question of what legal regime the international legal system has formed in the field of climate change. According to the regime of international law, climate change, challenges and opportunities for technology transfer will be examined.

The Minab Plain and the vast, alluvial Maghistan Plain are home to one of the oldest and most ancient southeastern Iranian civilizations. This plain is located in the east of Hormozgan province. Human civilizations have been formed and settled on the banks of this river due to the existence of water and strategic conditions. In this plain, various historical sites have been identified that have been inhabited since prehistoric times. Important ancient cities on the shorelands and hinterlands of the Persian Gulf were discovered and excavated in archaeological surveys. The findings were astounding, and several prehistoric to historical sites were discovered on the banks of the Minab River, 40 km from its basin point to the Persian Gulf. According to excavations, these cities date back to the Bronze Age in the fourth millennium BC. In addition to archaeological findings, historical and geographical writings also refer to different cities in this region in different parts and historical periods. In this study, the strategic position of the civilization of the eastern part of Hormozgan was examined and explained with a descriptive-analytical approach, using the library method and related documents and texts, as well as a field visit to this region. The results indicated that the most important factors affecting the development of civilization in this plain were the strategic position of Moghestan Plain, the flow of Minab River in the plain, and the passage of the ancient Persian Gulf trade route to the interior of Iran.

Cities face important challenges in relation to the pressures of change, urban transformation, and the effects of climate change. Urban resilience in Bandar Abbas is defined as one of the key dimensions of sustainable development, in the sense of "the ability of the city in preparedness, accountability and public health, economy and security." The aim of this Survey was to investigate the relationship between air quality and urban resilience in Bandar Abbas and to present urban management and planning strategies. The process of conducting this research includes: First stage: Evaluation of environmental resilience of Bandar Abbas city in air quality index and components based on the data of air quality monitoring system of the country from environmental stations of Bandar Abbas city and based on calculation, determination and Announcement of air quality index published by the Ministry of Health, Treatment and Medical Education; Second stage: Evaluation and analysis of resilience of Bandar Abbas city in dimensions and components of air based on air index in accordance with the opinions of experts on urban issues and data access. Step 3: Investigating the relationship between indicators and components of air quality and resilience in Bandar Abbas using the results of t-test. Step 4: Present urban management and planning strategies to make Bandar Abbas resilient in the air quality index according to the frequency of ranking strategies by experts and research results around the world according to the current environmental situation of Bandar Abbas.

The purpose of this study is to identifying and designing the current status of educational components based on economic education with an entrepreneurial approach in elementary school. The present study was conducted using a mixed exploratory research design. In the qualitative part, the content analysis method was used with a directional approach and in the quantitative part, the descriptive survey method was used. Then, based on the obtained components, a 112-item questionnaire was constructed. The statistical sample in the quantitative section included 320 specialists in the fields of entrepreneurship and economics and curriculum and managers and deputies, education experts and faculty members with degrees in education in North Khorasan province. In order to analyze the data, confirmatory factor analysis method and structural equation modeling approach with Demetel technique were used. Findings from content analysis led to the design of an educational model based on economic education with an entrepreneurial approach with four dimensions: "individual and personal aspects, economic culture and ethics, economic concepts and causes and social skills" and 11 components. Findings showed that the measurement tool has factor validity. Also, the values related to estimating Cronbach's alpha coefficient in order to measure the internal correlation of basic themes were higher than 0.7, so the measuring tool related to these concepts had sufficient measurement accuracy. Therefore, based on the results, it can be stated that the inclusion of educational components based on economic education with an entrepreneurial approach can be useful in the economic education of elementary school students.

The dynamic response of the shelter structures subjected to the near-field and with no-contact explosion and blast loadings can have a considerable amount of complexity. Therefore, this complexity is caused by the relatively interaction between soil and structure and the attenuation of the explosion waves in the soil environment. In the present research, the finite element analysis is done through the explicit method by the finite element computer software called ABAQUS. The structure modeling is done by using the membrane elements which the effect of the soil-structure interaction is modeled by using Wolf’s spring-mass-spring model. The explosion and blast loading are modeled using the linear pressure-time history model based on equal trinitrotoluene (TNT) and the explosion and blast loading distance. The Johnson-Cook material model is used for the sensitivity rate of the material’s strain. The assessment of the soil’s survey, soil type, and depth of burial are investigated in this present research. Results show the soil-structure interaction and soil type play an essential role in the dynamic response of the structure. Also, the mean amount of surrounding soil helps reduce the response of the structure subjected to the near-field no-contact explosion and blast loading.

The purpose of this study is to provide a meta-analysis of the research on the effect of different leisure patterns on Iranian social ethics. This research in the field of definitions and concepts related to "leisure" is more focused on the theories of Domazieh, Parker and the later approach of Rujek, and its theoretical framework is based on the approach of functionalist sociologists, especially Durkheim. This research has investigated the effect of leisure time on Iranian social ethics through meta-analytical method and using documentary and library data by studying its manifestations in areas such as social capital, national identity, social health, social values and cultural consumption. Findings indicate the need to review the conventional approach that often considers leisure time as a dependent variable, because the results of this study show that today leisure time as an independent variable can other areas of social life, including social ethics in various ways. Affect.

The tourism industry, as a dynamic industry, is an important part of the economic and productive activities of countries. Meanwhile, destination branding has become one of the most important topics in the field of place marketing and tourism marketing. The equity value of a tourist destination brand is the sum of the brand's assets (or liabilities) in relation to the name and symbol of the tourist destination, which causes changes in the value of the services and experiences provided there. Due to the importance of this issue, in this study, we evaluated and prioritized tourist destinations based on brand equity from the perspective of tourists in the cities of Guilan province. The research method is descriptive-analytical. The study population is all tourists in the cities of Gilan province, which was selected by random sampling of 380 people in the whole province and collected data through a questionnaire of variables such as mental image, awareness, perceived quality and finally loyalty to the destination brand. Took. To analyze the obtained data, first all items were weighted using the hierarchical Fuller triangle model, in the next step, using the Oreste model, the cities of Gilan province were ranked based on the brand equity from the tourists' point of view. . The results show the higher value of the tourism brand of Bandar Anzali, Fooman, Rasht and Astara counties and the unfavorable situation of Amlash, Rezvanshahr and Soomehsara counties.

Due to the importance of the subject, the purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of sister cities on urban development with emphasis on urban diplomacy and national development. In this regard, first, using library and field studies, the effective factors in establishing sisterhood relations between metropolises and urban diplomacy of Shiraz metropolis were identified. Then, using interviews with experts and based on the Delphi method, the identified factors were finalized. Ary is given by university professors, experts, managers and engineers of Shiraz metropolitan municipality with work and research experience in the field of sister cities, urban diplomacy and national development. Experts are selected using purposive sampling method. The research was finalized using the Delphi method including 4 main indicators of sustainable security, economic development, human resource development, socio-cultural development and 26 related sub-indicators. Then, using identified factors and based on interpretive structural modeling (ISM), a native model related to establishing sisterhood relations between metropolises and urban diplomacy is presented. Relationships between factors show the impact to improve and create the ground for improvement and urban development of Shiraz metropolis and presence in transnational relations. Considering the determination of the effectiveness levels of each of the indicators and sub-indicators, practical suggestions were presented to solve the challenges. .

In the world now, drug trafficking has become a lucrative trade for terrorists, smugglers and even some governments. The Golden Crescent region is known as a central hub for drug trafficking and transit to other parts of the world. The countries in this crescent are Afghanistan, Pakistan and Iran. In the Golden Crescent region, the land borders of the three countries have emerged as trafficking sites for drug traffickers. This paper uses a descriptive-analytical approach, using library resources and websites, to analyze the status of international land boundaries in the Golden Crescent region in the fight against drug trafficking. The results show that, given the role that drug trafficking plays in human and environmental problems and problems around the world, governments and international organizations condemn it and enact tough laws to counter it. Materials are produced, distributed and consumed, and some of the lucrative businesses make a lot of profit. The international land boundaries of the three Golden Zone countries continue to serve as a haven for smugglers and terrorists, and their management of drugs is weak.

Urban branding will play a very important role in the development of Gilan province economically; Because, firstly, Gilan province has many tourist attractions. Secondly, given the high rate of population growth and the high demand for work and job-seeking youth, the creation of new jobs seems necessary. Tourism is also an area through which many countries and cities strive. Developed and solve their problems. To this end, different countries and cities are trying to take a step towards tourism and economic development by creating and developing an urban brand. The present study is a regional study and it is intended to design an urban brand model for tourism in Gilan province. The statistical population of the present study in the qualitative stage includes interviewees, professors and experts in the field of business - tourism who are involved in this field. Data in the qualitative section were analyzed using MaxQDA software. At the end, 25 concepts and 145 categories were identified, which were defined in the form of 6 factors.

The study of municipal revenue sources is of particular importance. This importance is not only in the cities of the country but also in all urban management systems that have been proposed in different countries, so that how to finance and manage costs and revenues efficiently and effectively is one of the common and common challenges reported from different countries. is. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to provide a model of sustainable income generation in urban areas, which has been studied as an example of District 22 of Tehran. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. Data were collected based on library and survey methods. Thus, after determining the context of the issue, information about the characteristics of the revenue system of the country's municipalities was extracted from various sources and revenue data of District 22 of Tehran Municipality for the period 1397-1387 was obtained from Tehran Municipality. In the survey section, experts were interviewed and a questionnaire was completed. The statistical population of the study includes a sample size of 60 people in 4 groups. The sampling method used was a targeted method of snowball. Based on the research findings, the average managerial-executive index (3.35), economic index (3.73), service index (3.69), structural index (3.19) and legalism index (3.6) were obtained.

Cities inherently face complex and extensive challenges that are interconnected. Meanwhile, the rapid growth of cities is not proportional to the expansion capacity of their infrastructures and imposes increasing pressure on urban infrastructures. In other words, it is beyond their capacities and capabilities. Therefore, they always suffer from adverse consequences. Therefore, the old institutions and methods of management and governance are in conflict with the complex and rapidly changing world in the information society. Providing a smart environment model in Qeshm Island with AHP method can better prioritize parameters to increase the opportunity of environmental reproduction and natural environment rehabilitation.

In this study, in order to analyze the trend of precipitation periods in Iran, the frequency and intensity of one-day to six-day rainfall periods were studied during 1968- 2017. At first, the frequency of rainfall periods was extracted in Excel software. Then, change of the frequency and intensity indices were identified using the Mann-Kendall test and Sen’s Slop Method on an annual scale. The results of this study showed that the frequency of one-day rainfall period increased in most stations, but the frequency of two-day to six-day rainfall periods decreased in most stations. According to the research results, the continuity of rainfall in Iran has decreased and the rainfall periods in Iran have been shortened. The intensity of one-say to six-day rainfall has decreased in most parts of Iran. The intensity of one-day and two-day rainfall was higher than the intensity of three-day and four-day rainfall. The observed decreasing trends for the intensity of five-day and six-day rainfall were weaker. Therefore, the continuity and intensity of rainfall in Iran has decreased and Iran is moving towards becoming drier. The results of this study help planners to recognize the impact of climate change on Iran's water resources regionally and to make more appropriate decisions to reduce and adapt to these changes.

The purpose of this study is to provide a conceptual model to explain the relationship between economic development and changing patterns of contemporary housing architecture in Tehran during the years 1990 to 2021 and the hypothesis to achieve this goal is that economic development in Tehran through government policies during 1990 to 2000 Far less than 2000 to 2021has affected the change in the pattern of contemporary housing. The present study, using qualitative-quantitative research method and in terms of descriptive-analytical purpose, using library study method and square test tools and using Dickey-Fuller test, found that the government has adopted policies in the field of housing during the years 1990 to 2016 that Includes monetary and fiscal policies. Therefore, due to insufficient funds allocated for the construction and completion of a housing unit in the same period, has led to an increase in housing prices. Meanwhile, due to insufficient financial resources during the years 2011 to 2021, the length of construction of housing in Tehran has increased and with it resources have been consumed, but practically no supply has been made. The same is true of government spending on housing for low-income households and employees. Thus, housing prices are primarily affected by urbanization rates, per capita income, rental rates, and GDP, secondly by construction costs, and ultimately government monetary and fiscal policies have played a negligible role in housing prices.

This study was conducted with the aim of comparative study of civil rights in Nahj al-Balagheh and the Bible. The method used is descriptive-analytical and the results and findings indicate that based on the studies conducted in this study, the issue of citizenship rights was identified. It is expressed in color in the teachings of the two great and universal religions, Islam and Christianity. From the point of view of Islamic teachings, citizens have political, spiritual, cultural, social, economic and judicial rights that the Islamic government and government are obliged to revive and respect these rights in various structures of legislation and implementation and administration of various affairs. Note it. The greatest change is from the supreme teachings of the Qur'an and revelation, and in the Bible, which according to Christians is a divine and divine book and the Mahdi is a god to save human beings through the true prophethood of Jesus (pbuh), the basic components of citizenship rights are specified and specified. This shows the unity of the views of the two religions and these two books on the fundamental rights of life and civil rights. This shows the unity of the views of the two religions and these two books on the fundamental rights of life and citizenship rights.

Urban cohesion has always been one of the most fundamental structural qualities and a central principle in cities. The purpose of this study was to analyze the affecting factors of increased physical cohesion as well as presenting the effective strategies in district one of Karaj. The method of this research was descriptive-analytical based on documentary-survey sources. Questionnaire was used for data collection. Fifty experts were selected as sample size.The affecting indicators of physical cohesion were analyzed in four categories: social, spatial, physical, and cohesive. Then, the most important weaknesses, opportunities, threats and strengths, which was affecting the physical cohesion of district one of Karaj, were evaluated in the SWOT analytical model. The findings showed that in the physical sectors, the component of connectivity; in the component of public participation, the component of education and culture of citizens about the necessity of a coherent and sustainable urban, and finally in the managerial sector, the balance of urban transport system are in the first place as well as playing an important role in increasing physical cohesion. Also the results of SWOT-AHP model showed that WO strategies have the highest sensitivity and ST strategy has the least sensitivity.

Policymaking is a mixture of science, art and the art of governance. Policies determine the framework of our lives in society, so they need to be carefully scrutinized. At the same time, the science that carries out this important task is the knowledge of public policy making. The central issue of policymaking has been to divide it into different branches and subdivisions, including cities and urban policymaking. Particularly dedicated. Urban policy studies are a widespread and influential study of urban management and policymaking around the world. Converting cities from small and small cities to large and metropolitan areas has attracted more attention from planners and policymakers. Since policymaking is the task of organizing affairs, urban policymaking is one of the essentials and developmental foundations of governments. In this paper, researchers attempt to address the importance of problematics in urban policy by using descriptive-analytical methods and gathering the data needed with the help of second-rate documents, library documents, and credible sources.

The aim of this study was to "investigate and recognize the effect of architectural spaces in the treatment of diseases with the Schultz ontology approach" (Case study: Cancer). In order to find an architectural space that can help cure cancer, architecture with texture, form, color and other components of space can play an important role in this regard.In this study, Schultz's ontology theory has been selected to perceive space. His theory divides space into six sections: geography, road, city, landscape, architecture, and interior architecture, and a greater understanding is gained by examining the three aspects of typology, morphology, and topology. This research is the treatment of cancer based on architectural spaces with Schultz method, the method was phenomenological. The results showed that Maggie treatment centers do not claim to treat cancer patients using their architectural spatial qualities, but to patients who use these spaces. They help these centers with regard to interior architecture and building sense Create more mesh for patients, especially cancer patients, and create a sense of healing for people in their recovery.

Today, technology, as an integral part of life, has affected cities with fundamental and functional changes and it is known as a new feature of them in the 21st century. These changes have led to the dual specialization of life and consequently, to citizens with behavioral transformation. In other words, the hybrid urban space has created a dichotomous citizen with dual real-virtual function. This study deals with the spatial-functional duality of citizens in Tehran. The research is qualitative in nature and practical in terms of purpose. In addition to documentary and library studies, data collection was done through a simple random questionnaire. Since the study population was uncertain and unlimited, the number of samples was determined based on Cohen's formula 559, which was completed to ensure 666 questionnaires from 22 districts of Tehran. The validity of the questionnaire was measured by adjusting and filling out a 35-item test questionnaire and the reliability of the questionnaire was measured based on Cronbach's alpha. According to the research findings, there is a significant correlation and relationship between research variables and among the main factors of social interactions and urban structure, it has a higher priority than technology. Studies show that the interaction of three main elements, city (physical context/body), citizen and technology and the dependence between these factors, the phenomenon of two approaches of citizenship and space in Tehran as a symbol of city of the 21st century every day more than day Pre-amplified.

The aim of this research was the effect of the conceptual framework of spatial justice on the accessibility of the citizens of Sari city. According to the nature of the research, the research method is descriptive-analytical, and considering that all indicators are quantitative and qualitative (mixed), the interpretive paradigm was used. The statistical population of this research in the qualitative part includes 30 people who have a PhD in urban planning in Sari and in the quantitative part it includes the residents of Sari. Stratified random sampling method was calculated according to Cochran's formula. Therefore, the number of residents of areas one to four of Sari city with the statistical population using the above formula is 400, according to the description of each area, 100 samples. Regarding the collection of information, GIS data of Sari city, interviews with experts and two questionnaires were used. The face and content validity of the questionnaires was determined using the corrective comments of the professors. Finally, the content analysis method was used to analyze the collected data. The results showed that in the field of spatial justice, physical, social, visual, symbolic and economic components were identified, each of which affects the access of citizens in Sari city to facilities in different points of the city. Therefore, in the four areas of Sari city, city managers should provide citizens with the best possible access to urban facilities by taking into account the identified dimensions according to the suggested indicators.

In recent years, with the priority of the paradigm of sustainability, sustainable development and the approach of sustainable urban regeneration, a new thematic area has emerged in the world literature. What has been neglected in this area is the issue of the appropriate local housing pattern in dilapidated structures, which has doubled the need for attention. The aim of this study is to achieve a physical model of housing project for urban regeneration of Sari water reservoir. The research method is descriptive, analytical and exploratory and the prevailing approach is survey. By studying the theoretical literature and consulting experts, a 94-component researcher-made questionnaire was prepared and provided to the statistical community, 50 experts familiar with the place. Questionnaire information was entered into SPSS software for initial analysis and statistical tests, then Smart PLS software was used for structural modeling. The results indicate the moderate to high effect of the housing model on the regeneration of this neighborhood with a path coefficient of 0.564. The obtained pattern includes 8 sub-components: micro-detail, dripping and protrusion of wooden beams, native sloping roof and studded edges, modern materials, dominant color of body wall, having yard, urban landscape design system, sky line effect, high height of useful space Internal and 3 variables of impenetrability of the system of access to residential masses, the dominant rhythm in the wall and the installation of elements such as corders, etc. showed acceptable significance among the physical components of the housing plan of Abnabarno neighborhood in Sari.

The city and urban development in every aspect is derived from philosophical and mystical thoughts that casts its shadow on the designs and plans of the designers. The current research presents an overview of the existence and domination of Deleuze's and Guattari's folding philosophy in urban planning and, accordingly, the teachings of Mulla Sadra's processes in the city. This research, by studying the concept of space in folding urban planning and the procedures of unity in the plurality and union of science and the world, and Ma'am Sadrai, unfolds these thoughts in the projects of great architects and the historical context of Yazd city. In this research, with the analytical and descriptive method, a combination of comparative research (from theory to the studied sample) and inductive research (from the study sample to theory) investigated the factors of the formation of folding in the city, and the aim of the comparative reading of the contemporary urban planning of folding and Islamic cities of Iran. (Yazd) is based on Sadra'i philosophy. The process of this research has reached the conclusion that they have commonalities in form, aesthetics, space and concepts; But their presentation model and ontology are different. In terms of form, they have different typologies and in terms of morphology and topology, they have common forms. Iphilosophies of urban planning is evident, and in terms of the concept of space, the folding of unity in multiplicity can be clearly observed in folding philosophy and urban planning.

Today, the discussion of the responsibility of individuals towards each other following the violation of contractual obligations and the occurrence of material and moral damages is very prominent, and this has led to the formation of the theory of full compensation for the losses; A theory that is recognized in many international commercial laws such as the Convention on the International Sale of Goods and the principles of international commercial contracts, and its purpose is to fully compensate for losses and protect losses. Among the material losses that constitute a large part of the losses inflicted on individuals and can be compensated according to this theory, is lack of profit. The fact is that the jurisprudence of international courts and arbitration authorities is very much influenced by these international commercial laws; In such a way that the lack of benefit is certain and even in some cases the possible lack of benefit can be demanded. However, there is no compensation for such damages in the local domestic legal procedure of the Arabs, and only in few cases, with the fulfillment of several conditions, compensation is ordered.

Designers always sought throughout the history of architecture to construct buildings that are built according to the climatic conditions of each region. Climatic conditions are the most important factors in creating comfort for the users of buildings in any region since architecture and climate have direct relations with each other and inattention to the climatic conditions provide problems such as excessive energy and resources consumption in modern designs. Hence, the new buildings must be designed and constructed using the architectural, climatic, and native patterns of each region. Therefore, the climatic design principles should be observed in order to have extensive effects in saving energy and resources, and one of the stable architectural approaches and ais is getting close to the native architecture of each region. The research method in this study is a combined, comparative, and case study, the particulars of which have been collected through library and field information. In this study, by comparing the native architecture of the two cities of Ilam and Birjand, the principles of climatic design have been extracted, which can be used in today's architecture.

The aim of this paper is to identify the micro-faults and sedimentary environment of this formation by carefully examining the microscopic thin sections obtained from three wells A, B and C in the study field. The results of cross-sectional studies based on the classifications of Wilson (1975) and Flugel (2004) and Baxton and Pedley (1989), led to the identification of 15 micro-facies, including 13 carbonate micro-facies and 2 non-carbonate facies in 7 groups of external ramps. (O), middle ramp (M), reef (R), dam (Br), lagoon (L), tidal zone (T) and channel (Ch). According to the evidence obtained from microfacies, the absence of turbidite microfacies, the gradual conversion of facies to each other, the absence of significant reef structures and the absence of oncoids and piezoids that are specific to the carbonate shelf environment and are rarely present in carbonate ramps. Demolition structures and debris that indicate the high slope of the sedimentary environment during sedimentation, the sedimentation model of Asmari Formation in the studied oil field is a carbonate ramp environment with a uniform slope including inner ramp, middle ramp, external ramp that is determined in case of falling Seawater has been affected by detrital facies and non-carbonate detrital facies have entered the basin.

The aim of this study is to explore the revenue generation scenarios of Iranian championship sports for the next 15 years with the aim of foresight in sports economics. In this research, futurism with scenario scenario approach based on intuitive logic method has been used and to design scenarios, trend analysis method and uncertainties and six-stage integrated scenario model have been used. The participants of the present study included 31 domestic and foreign stakeholders of Iranian heroic sports who were selected based on purposive sampling. Data were collected through interviews and open-ended questionnaires. Based on the findings, the analysis of the 29 main factors eventually led to the production of two key uncertainties: "allocation of budget line independent of oil revenues from international economic openings" and "institutionalization of sports ecotourism based on the expansion of the federation's information and communication system. As a result, it was found that even if international economic and political openings do not take place, sports tourism-based planning by federations of different disciplines, if accompanied by professional and ongoing marketing, can lead to sustainable revenue generation in Iranian championship sports.