POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY RESEARCH
Year:2016 | Volume:1 | Issue:4 (4) |Papers Count:6

The aim of the study was to predict psychological well-being based on the positive and negative affection and coping self – efficacy among graduate students in Dehdasht University. The sample consisting of 250 graduate students were selected using multistage random sampling and were asked to complete Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS), coping self-efficacy scale (CSE), and Psychological Well-being Scale, Ryff. After using Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis, the results showed coping self-efficacy, positive and negative affect explain the most common variation (0.82) in psychological well-being respectively.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the related factors on work hope in University of Isfahan's Students. It was a descriptive, correlational study. The statistical samples of the study comprised of all of the students in the University of Isfahan in 2014-15. The sample including 300 students was selected through relatively stratified sampling in the University of Isfahan. The work hope scale, general self-efficacy questionnaire, differential status identity scale, time perspective questionnaires and perceived social support scale were used in collecting the data. The results of path analysis showed that family support indirectly related to work hope through social prestige and social power. Besides, family support indirectly related to self-efficacy through social power. Among the dimensions of perceived social status, social power was found to be indirectly related to work hope through self-efficacy, and social prestige found to be directly related to work hope. Further, self-efficacy was related to work hope both directly and indirectly. Among the aspects of time perspective, the present hedonistic was significantly and positively related to work hope; however, present fatalistic was significantly and negatively related to work hope. In general, the results showed that the self-efficacy, social prestige, social support, present hedonistic, present fatalistic and family support could predict work hope.

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of Fordyce happiness training on health workers’ job engagements. The research method was semi-experimental with pre-test, post-test, and control group. The samples were 28 health workers who were randomly selected from kiar’s health workers. Then they were randomly assigned into two groups: experimental (n = 14) and control (n = 14). The data was collected by Utrecht job engagement Questionnaire. The experimental group participated in eight sessions of Fordyce happiness group training and control group did not receive any intervention. After the intervention, the subjects were assessed again by the Utrecht job engagement Questionnaire. The results of multivariate analysis of covariance indicated that the experimental group was significantly different from the control group in job engagement dimensions. Vigor subscale, according to the average of post-test variables, was mostly increased among other subscales and Fordyce happiness training enhanced the effect size of job engagement subscales to 0.34. The findings confirmed the effectiveness of Fordyce happiness training on the enhancement of job engagement. Since interventions based on happiness can bring about changes in feelings, thoughts and behaviors; and at the same time job engagement have some dimensions like cognitive, behavioral and emotional, the results indicate that job engagement can be affected by happiness as well.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions based on positive psychotherapy on improving coping styles, relapse prevention in individuals diagnosed with substance use disorder. The research design was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest, a month Follow-up and control group. Thirty-one individuals with substance use disorder, who were admitted to addiction treatment centers in Zahedan city, were selected through purposeful sampling method and were randomly assigned to an experimental (14 persons) and control (17 persons) groups. Both groups were asked to respond to Coping Styles Questionnaire by Billings and Mouse, at the pretest stage. In later stages of research, the experimental group received an intervention based on positive psychotherapy for ten sessions each session60 minutes. Data was analyzed using covariance and chi-square test. The results showed that intervention based on positive psychotherapy improved the coping styles and relapse prevention in the experimental group and the effect of the intervention was significant in post-test and follow-up stages. The result also showed that interventions based on positive psychotherapy could be used as an efficient technique to improve coping skills and relapse prevention in patients with substance use disorder.

The research was examined the effect of moral intelligence and mental health on happiness of students using descriptive and correlational method. Two hundred and twenty-six students were selected through stratified random sampling method from postgraduate students at Bu Ali Sina University. Lennick and Kiel’s Ethical characteristics questionnaire, Goldberg’s Mental Health Inventory and Oxford Happiness Questionnaire were used to gather the data. The data was analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient test and path analysis through. The findings showed that the direct effect of both moral intelligence and mental health on happiness were positive and statistically significant. Also, direct effect Moral intelligence on mental health was positive and significant. Furthermore, the indirect effect of moral intelligence on happiness through mediating role of mental health was significant. According to the results, it can be suggested that happiness in university students can be enhanced by planning on moral intelligence.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy on depression symptoms and subjective well - being of prisoners. The research design was quasi-experimental with non-equivalent groups design with pretest and post-test. 71 prisoners from Bandar - abas prison were selected through purposeful sampling and assigned to an experimental and a control group. For gathering data, Beck Depression short Inventory (BDI-S) and Subjective Well-Being scale was used. The experimental group received positive psychotherapy for eight sessions each one lasting 90 minutes. The results of Covariance analysis showed that positive psychotherapy increased the subjective well- being and decrease depression symptoms of prisoners. The results of this research also showed that positive psychotherapy could be used as an efficient technique to increase the subjective well-being of prisoners.