SPORT PSYCHOLOGY STUDIES
Year:2017 | Volume:6 | Issue:19 |Papers Count:9

This study was to investigate the effects of mild dehydration on selective and sustained attention.22 students participated in a quasi-experimental study. Convenience sampling was used, and subsequently the participants were assigned to three basic, hydration, and dehydration conditions in a counterbalance manner. In the basic condition, they had no physical activity, but in hydration and dehydration conditions, they completed a 60-minute exercise protocol of walking on a treadmill and bicycling. Data were collected using Simple Stroop and Continuous Performance Test. A significant main effect was found for exercise condition. No interaction was found for exercise condition and attention. In dehydrated condition, selective and sustained attention’s mean scores were higher than control and hydrated conditions. However, no significant difference was found between selective and sustained attention’s mean scores in control and hydrated conditions. Accordingly, mild dehydration affected selective and sustained attention. Therefore, it seems necessary to consider optimal hydration during exercise.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of neurofeedback training on balance and reaction time of track and field athletes.48 athletes in both genders were voluntarily participated in this study and were involved in a double-blind research design including control, sham and two experimental groups; The first treatment group inhibited four-seven Hz and reinforced 15-18 Hz brainwaves at O1 and O2 regions and second treatment group reinforced b1 brainwaves at Cz and Fz regions for 12 sessions and 15 minutes per session. The results showed significant changes in reducing the selective reaction time and improving balance in treatment groups. Based on the results, neurofeedback training can be used to improving perceptual-motor abilities of athletes such as balance and reaction time.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different distances of external focus attention and regulation of cognitive emotion on the performance of Tiz and Chamani whirlings in non-elite zoorkhaneh athletes. Based on the type of whirling (Tiz and Chamani) and types of cognitive emotion regulation strategies (adaptive and non-adaptive) the zoorkhaneh athletes were divided into four groups. The subjects in each group, according to counter balance method of homogeneity, performed zoorkhaneh whirling in three conditions of control, close and far external focus attention. Each subject in each condition of attention focus performed 2 trials with one-day rest interval. Results of the study showed that zoorkhaneh athletes of Tiz and Chamani whirling groups had the best performance in far external attention focus and adoption of adaptive and non-adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies had no effect on their performance. Based on these results, it isrecommended to Bastani coaches that use external focus of attention for improve athlete’s performance.

The purpose of present research was to study the relationship between sports participation motivation and athletes’ satisfaction of sports selected fields in Kamyaran city.265 athletes were selected from four team sports fields (football, volleyball, basketball and handball) and two individual fields (kung Fu and taekwondo) through stratified-random sampling. Results showed that that significant relationship between components of sport participation motivation and athletes’ satisfaction, and component of situational factors from among components of sport participation motivation significantly predicted changes related to athletes’ satisfaction. Therefore, addressing issues related to situational factors including the role of parents and friends in continuation of sports activities, the role of trainers in establishing friendly relations and use of sport facilities by managers and sports coaches seems to be essential.

The present research aims at studying the relationship between sport perfectionism and achievement motivation with sport success. The population were including of all athletes participating in 1-st Division League of Kabaddi, from which 144 people were selected randomly as sample. This was a descriptive correlational research. The result of correlation test indicates that there is a significant positive correlation between positive perfectionism and achievement motivation with sport success, and there was significant negative correlation between negative dimensions of perfectionism and sport success. The regression analysis also showed that perfectionism explained 51% and achievement motivation explained 48% of variance in sport success. Finally, it can be said that motivation as a progressive force can be effective in achieving high performance, and the athlete always needs to maintain proper levels of perfectionism in order to be successful.

This study aimed to compare the effect of two neurofeedback protocols on learning a pursuit tracking task. Forty-two volunteers placed in three groups of alpha-suppression, theta-enhancement and control. In the alpha-suppression group, alpha amplitude suppressed at C4 before the training, while the participants in the theta-enhancement intended to increase theta amplitude at Pz and immediately after training. After training session, the subjects participated in retention tests within 90 minutes, 24 hours, and one week intervals. The results showed that the alpha-suppression group performed better than control group in the first retention test. Nevertheless, this superiority was not significant in subsequent retention tests, where no difference was observed between the groups. These findings revealed that the inhibition of alpha range in the motor cortex and subsequent higher excitability can likely leave beneficial effects on learning a motor skill, even though the sustainability of this effect over time needs to more studies.

This research aimed to evaluate the impact of motives and perception of success on activity continuity among record owners of challenging sports. Challenging sports are strange, unusual and competitive physical activities that have not necessarily included in an official athletic field. For this research, 111 out of 150 record owner athletes completed the questionnaires of athletic motives' questionnaire, perception of success questionnaire and researcher-made questionnaire of continuity of sports activity. Results showed that the impact of Perception of Success on activity Continuity in record owner is higher than motives impact and these two variables have explained the 44.8 % of the variance in activity Continuity. The more impact the perception of success could have been used extensively for planners sporting activities.

The purpose of present study was to examine validity and reliability of the Persian version of Self-Talk Questionnaire for Sports. For this purpose, 209 athletes of different individual and team sports completed the questionnaire. Confirmatory factor analysis based on structural equations was used for construct validity of questionnaire. Internal consistency and temporal reliability of questionnaire was calculated by Cronbach alpha and Intraclass Correlation Coefficients, respectively. Results of Confirmatory factor analysis revealed two factor structures of self-talk (cognitive and motivational factors) with 11 items. Cronbach alpha and Intraclass Correlation Coefficient was calculated greater than 0.81, that indicated the appropriate internal consistency and temporal reliability of questionnaire. Therefore, the Persian Version of Self-Talk Questionnaire for Sports can be used as a valid and reliable tool to measure functions of self-talk among Iranian athletes.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of intervention program with mastery motivational climate and teacher-centered approach on self-esteem and fundamental movement skills of eight to ten years old children. Sixty boy and girl elementary school students were randomly assigned in mastery motivational climate, teacher-centered and control groups. Intervention program was consisted of 24, 45-minute sessions of teaching fundamental movement skills, during a twelve-week period. The results revealed that in post test the level of fundamental movement skills and self steem of two intervention groups were higher than control group and the mastery motivational climate group was better than teacher-centered group. It can be conclouded that intervention programs with mastery motivational climate approach, Increase the self-esteem of children and with facilitation the children's participation in physical activity and sport raised the motor proficiency of them.