Scientometrics Research Journal
Year:2024 | Volume:10 | Issue:1 (پیاپی 19)|Papers Count:14

Purpose: Science and technology are the most critical infrastructures for the country's progress and essential tools for competition in various fields. Evaluation is at the core of all scientific efforts, which has become increasingly important with the proliferation of scientific publications. Evaluation is not a simple and transparent process; it is considered a delicate activity. The presence of multiple evaluation indicators to assess the value of scientific outputs in texts, databases, and scientific centers or publications has prompted a study of these three sources (texts, scientific networks, and experts) to establish integrated criteria for evaluating outputs in the scholarly publication ecosystem. Some scientific outputs, such as lectures, workshops, and scientific meetings, are often overlooked due to the absence of an integrated framework in the scholarly publication ecosystem. Additionally, only a few specific quantitative aspects, such as the impact factor, the number of citations, or the number of uses, are typically considered in the evaluation of scientific works. Moreover, evaluations are usually confined to a short timeframe. Identifying and categorizing these indicators within a framework can positively impact addressing these issues and establishing a continuous evaluation process for both pre and post-publication of scientific works. Therefore, the current research aims to identify comprehensive evaluation criteria in the scholarly publication ecosystem by taking into account texts, scholarly publication networks, and the perspectives of scientific publication experts.Methodology: Results from all three methods indicate that there are three key indicators and nine sub-indicators crucial for evaluating research outcomes within the Scientific Publishing System. These indicators are predominantly categorized based on form, type, and format. The triangulation method has introduced a conceptual framework of evaluation indicators in the scholarly publication ecosystem. Initially, a systematic review was conducted to extract evaluation criteria from 331 sources. Subsequently, to validate the extracted criteria and finalize the initial framework, the identified criteria were scrutinized across 12 scientific databases, and ultimately, it was endorsed by 30 domestic and international scholarly publication experts. The purposive sampling method was employed in all three studies.Findings: Research shows that the ecosystem of scientific publication consists of various components, including experts, scientific centers, information media, subject areas, information, and knowledge systems, which require different indicators and methods. The data extracted from the systematic review in the field of evaluation were classified into three groups: form, type, and format. Evaluation forms include content, open, altmetric, and bibliographic evaluations (creative and source evaluation). However, some experts distinguish between bibliometric evaluation indicators and scientometric and informatics evaluation indicators, and most experts in different subject areas define all three categories as bibliographic evaluations. In the evaluation form, creators include individuals and scientific organizations such as universities. Open evaluation can refer to judging an output not just by a jury of experts but rather by a jury of anyone interested in the output. In other words, open evaluations are an ongoing post-publication process of transparent peer evaluation. Multiple paper evaluation functions freely defined by individuals or groups provide various perspectives on the scientific literature. Multiple paper evaluation functions alongside more diverse research evaluation criteria beyond traditional methods are emerging, and with these come a range of practical, ethical, and social factors to consider. Altmetric evaluations are a set of methods based on the social web that measure and monitor the reach and impact of scholarly output through online interactions. Simply, altmetrics are metrics beyond traditional citations. This evaluating form measures cite, like, view, reuse, discussion, bookmark, etc. The types of evaluations include quantitative, qualitative, and mixed evaluations. The form of evaluation also includes technical evaluation and non-technical evaluation (researcher-made evaluation, discussion-based evaluation). Technical evaluations are indicators that follow predefined procedures or repetitive processes to reach the result, while experts define non-technical evaluations according to specific situations and conditions.Conclusion: The results of all three methods indicate that there are three key indicators and nine sub-indicators crucial for evaluating scientific output within the scholarly publication ecosystem. These indicators are predominantly grouped based on form, type, and format. The findings demonstrate alignment among the three studies (systematic review, observation of scholarly publication networks, and survey of experts). However, each study has highlighted specific evaluation indicators. According to the systematic review, observation of scholarly publication networks, and expert opinions, the primary focus in evaluating the scholarly publication ecosystem is on the form and type of evaluation. There is a greater emphasis on common and well-established formats in the evaluation process. Furthermore, individual and organizational needs and objectives significantly influence the selection of evaluation indicators. Categorizing evaluation indicators will assist stakeholders in understanding the evaluation procedures of scholarly publication ecosystems and in choosing appropriate evaluation methods.

Purpose: One of the most important scientific components is the scientific productivity of authors. This concept, which does not have a clear definition in the literature, has been investigated in various researches. Also, the review of the literature shows the dispersion of the subject in this field. From the individual and personality characteristics of the authors to the role of environmental and social issues on scientific productivity, attention has been paid in this field. It is not known, correctly, what is the emphasis of the related literature? And which are the trends and the hot topics of this field? So, the main goal of the present study was to investigate and illustrate trends and hot topics that pertain to authors’ scientific productivity.Methodology: The current research is practical in terms of purpose and has been carried out with a scientometric approach using knowledge mapping. To achieve this, 6482 publications from 2000 to 2022 were extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection database and analyzed using CiteSpace Software (Advanced version). In alignment with the study's objective, keyword co-occurrence (to identify clusters), betweenness centrality (to pinpoint research frontiers), and citation burstness (to highlight significant works, hot topics, and keywords in specific periods) indicators were utilized. Additionally, clustering was conducted. Finally, the historical developments and milestones of this field were analyzed through a timeline view.Findings: Findings showed that out of the data extracted, 11 clusters with a density of 0.0438 and a harmonic mean of 0.4938 were identified - which indicates weak interconnections in the network. The most important clusters were “h-Index” (size=284), “gender” (size=244), and “research effects” (size=202). Other clusters related to authors’ scientific productivity included “technology transfer”, “social work education”, “social network analysis”, “academic promotion”, “incentive structure”, “references”, “teamwork”, and “scientometric analysis” based on their sizes. Hirsch’s work in 2005, with a value of 0.27, held the highest betweenness centrality. An analysis of works' citation burstiness suggested that the works in the scientific productivity domain had experienced two citation burstiness periods: the first period involved the presentation and evaluation of the “h-Index” (from 2000 to 2012), and the second period focused on the evaluation and development of “existing tools” to assess authors’ scientific productivity (from 2012 to 2022). The hot topics under study were “evaluating academic communities” (2000-2002), “authors’ ranking indicators” (2002-2018), and “knowledge exchange” (2018-2022). The subject of “knowledge exchange”, a new issue, focuses on international interactions, communications, and the social and economic effects of literature (in addition to their scientific effects). The history of authors’ scientific productivity began with Lotka's rule of works’ creators’ scientific productivity, followed by the introduction of “citations” as one of the most important evaluation criteria for authors’ scientific productivity, developed by Garfield. In addition to Hirsch’s work, other approaches, such as “mapping of science” software and “gender inequalities”, were used to trace the historical developments of scientific productivity.Conclusion: According to the findings of the present research, the H-index remains the most crucial index for evaluating the scientific productivity of authors. Despite some flaws, this index claims to measure both the impact and quantity of scientific productivity of authors and is widely accepted by the scientific community. It indicates that as the number of works increases, the likelihood of receiving citations also increases, leading to enhanced scientific productivity. Given that the scientific productivity of authors, researchers, and university faculty members is vital for employment, it is imperative to enhance academic and scientific positions during employment processes. The results of this study could provide assistance to experts and researchers alike.

Purpose: Understanding the current situation and aligning the needs and ideas documented in the "Nan" system with the research priorities outlined in the country's comprehensive scientific map is the primary objective of this research. In recent years, various efforts have been made across the country to address supply and demand issues through different systems. However, the proliferation and fragmentation of these systems, as well as the need for needs-oriented research, prompted the Ministry of Science, Research, and Technology (MSRT) to identify and consolidate the country's needs, ideas, and capabilities. This integration of existing research, innovation, and technology systems related to the country's needs aims to plan and execute strategic initiatives effectively. A national innovation system fosters direct connections among societal needs, private and governmental industries, researchers, knowledge-based enterprises, creative companies, science and technology parks, and growth centers. Nearly a year since its inception, the continued growth and advancement of this system necessitate strategic policymaking and a thorough understanding of the current landscape. Visualizing data from the system will provide insights into the status of registered ideas and needs, illustrate the interrelationships among different subject areas, identify the most requested areas, and highlight active subjects. This analysis can guide future directions for ideas and needs, enabling strategic planning for balanced development across various sectors and the optimal allocation of resources to enhance the quality and quantity of scientific outputs in each domain.Methodology: The research is a type of scientometric study. The research community consists of 6437 needs and 872 ideas, which were registered in the "NAN" system from the beginning of June to the end of June 1402. The desired maps are created based on the co-occurrence of words using the Python program.Findings: The findings showed that among 6437 needs and 872 ideas included in “NAN”, the largest number of requirements is related to Tehran province with 2006 requirements, and the lowest number is assigned to Sistan and Baluchistan province with 60 titles. In the ideas section, it was found that the highest number of ideas is related to Tehran province and the lowest number is related to Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari provinces. The highest number of registered needs in the subject areas are technical and engineering, basic sciences, humanities, agriculture and natural resources, health sciences, arts, and veterinary medicine. The largest number of ideas registered in the subject areas are technical and engineering, agriculture and natural resources, basic sciences, humanities, arts, health sciences, and veterinary medicine.Data analysis in the ideas section led to the formation of 7 subject clusters, including "Technology and Industry Development, "Agricultural Economy, "Software Development, "Community Health and Health, "Livestock and Poultry Industry, "Environmental Environment, and "Tourism". This indicates a growing trend in providing solutions to meet the needs in the priority research areas of the country. In the needs section, there are 8 subject clusters, including economic growth and development, "Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, "Sports Art Culture, "Software Development, "Community Health and Health, and results indicate that the country's greatest needs lie in the fields of "environment" and "economic growth and development. Based on the number and frequency of words in each cluster in the ideas section, it can be said that the clusters "technology and industry development" with 25 keywords and "environment" with 23 keywords have been more interesting. In the needs section, the largest number of thematic clusters are "Environmental" with 23 keywords and "Economic Growth and Development" with 20 keywords.Conclusion: A central and comprehensive information bank is necessary to carry out targeted research to meet the country's needs. The study results indicated that the needs identified in the “NAN” system align with the country's research priorities. The potential identified in the ideas section, particularly in the areas of economy, technology, environment, and health, which are crucial needs of the country, requires connection with the providers of these needs, attention, and support for implementation. Therefore, the research findings represent a step towards efficient management and facilitating communication between the country's needs and their solutions.

Purpose: Given the growing significance of social networks in fostering knowledge sharing among researchers, the present study examines the scientific output related to sharing on social media using bibliometric and altimetric methods. The aim is to explore the thematic trends and behavioral patterns of knowledge sharing among researchers in this field.Methodology: This applied research utilizes a descriptive approach and employs bibliometrics and altmetric methods. A total of 1498 articles published in the area of “knowledge sharing on social media” and indexed in Scopus from 1999 to 2021 were examined. Descriptive statistics, including frequency tables, and inferential statistics, such as Spearman correlation test, were used to analyze the data. To study the extent of sharing research outputs on social media, Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) extracted from Scopus were queried in the Altmetric Explorer database. Altmetric data for the articles were collected and analyzed in Excel format. VOSViewer software was utilized to visualize the thematic map of articles. Additionally, R software was employed to analyze the relationship between citation and altmetric indicators and the creation of a correlation matrix.Findings: The findings suggest a significant increase in research outputs in the field of sharing on social media over time. Authors affiliated with the United States, China, and the United Kingdom had the highest share of publications. The results demonstrate that the interdisciplinary nature of sharing on social media has attracted researchers from various fields, including computer science, social sciences, business, management, accounting, engineering, and decision science, to contribute to research publications in this area. Seventy-three percent of the articles studied have received at least one citation in Scopus. The analysis of word co-occurrence networks in publications reveals that keywords such as "knowledge sharing," "social media," "social networks," "social network analysis," "knowledge management," "social capital," and "social software" are the most frequently mentioned in the articles studied. The keyword co-occurrence analysis also indicates that in the early 2010s, researchers primarily focused on concepts like and in the early 2020s, there has been an increasing emphasis on concepts such as “Facebook”, “Twitter”, and “enterprise social media”.Twenty percent of research outputs with DOIs received a non-zero altmetric score. The most commonly used altmetric sources among researchers were Twitter, news sites, Facebook, blogs, and policy documents. An analysis of social media mentions over the ten years from 2012 to 2021 showed a consistent upward trend. The study of the geographical distribution of attention to research outputs showed that the highest number of attentions was received from European countries, North American countries, and Oceania. The comparison of the geographic distribution of publications and mentions indicated that countries such as China and Taiwan, which were among the top five countries with the highest number of publications, are placed in lower ranks on the list of countries with the most mentions of articles on social media. On the other hand, researchers from countries such as the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, and Germany have significantly utilized social media platforms to share their research findings. The study of journals publishing research articles indicated that the journal Computers in Human Behavior had the highest number of mentioned articles.The results demonstrated a statistically significant and positive relationship between the number of citations received in Scopus and the level of attention these articles garnered on social media platforms. In essence, the attention given to articles on social media positively influences the citation of these documents in other research outputs, and articles that are extensively shared on social media tend to have a greater citation impact over time. The results did not reveal a statistically significant difference between the altmetric score of open-access articles and non-open-access articles.Conclusion: The research results emphasize the importance and the growing role of social media in knowledge sharing among researchers. An analysis of the frequency of articles with altmetric indicators reveals an upward trend in the share of research outputs related to social media in recent years. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the bibliometric and altmetric characteristics of research outputs in the area of “knowledge sharing on social media”. The findings of this research can be valuable for future studies, policy-making, and practical efforts related to knowledge sharing on social media.

Purpose: In the age of information, the increasing competition among banks to gain a larger share of the monetary and financial market has led to a more detailed and profound focus on the needs and demands of customers. Achieving maximum customer satisfaction initially involves understanding their needs and demands and then translating these into appropriate services. Given the growing complexity of financial and banking systems, this can only be accomplished by establishing codified and systematic methods that transform these concepts into an organizational process. Furthermore, with the evolving needs, demands, and expectations of customers, it is essential to first identify what the customer desires and then provide the necessary means to fulfill them. The significant changes in the banking system and services, the competitive and rapidly changing environment in which banks operate, and the recognition that consistently delivering superior quality services compared to competitors can create a stronger competitive advantage have driven banks to shift their focus towards customer satisfaction and enhancing service quality. Consequently, due to the characteristics of digital environments, banks are compelled to transition into digital banks and bridge the gap between the physical and digital realms in a timely manner. The journey of banks towards customer-centricity should commence with the adoption of digital technologies and by establishing targeted partnerships and re-engineering the current processes and structure of banks within the digital banking ecosystem. The primary objective of the current research is to conduct a bibliometric analysis of the scientific publications in the Scopus scientific database on the subject of digital banking from its inception to date and to present the global scientific landscape (over the past 66 years). In scientometric research, it is crucial to emphasize the significance of quantitative and qualitative information about the topic being studied. Such studies unveil hidden realities in every scientific domain. Undoubtedly, remote research points may pose significant challenges in the future or reveal remarkable prospects for further research and narrowing research gaps.Methodology: This research follows an analytical-applied approach, utilizing scientometric techniques such as synonym analysis and social network analysis. By examining the main results, the research field's topics and boundaries were meticulously gathered through records and citation links. Under a scientific framework, 3488 sources related to digital banking were extracted from the Scopus scientific database by searching the article title, abstract, and keywords. Data review and analysis were conducted using the database's tools, as well as Excel and VOSviewer software, a social network analysis tool. This was done to quantify, design, and visualize the research products' trends, knowledge map, colleagues' network, and the synonymy network of research on digital banking. Findings: The findings of the research indicate the upward trend of scientific productions in the field of digital banking, especially since the year 2000, and it also indicates that; More than 97% of the indexed documents are in English and the rest are related to other languages of the world and have been retrieved and categorized in the form of 13 types of texts, the highest frequency of which is related to original research articles with 44.70% and countries such as the United States of America, England and India has the most published documents in this field compared to other countries in the world.Conclusion: The findings of the research indicate an upward trend in scientific productions in the field of digital banking, especially since the year 2000. More than 97% of the indexed documents are in English, while the remaining are in various languages from around the world. These documents have been retrieved and categorized into 13 types of texts, with the highest frequency being original research articles at 44.70%. Countries such as the United States of America, England, and India have the most published documents in this field compared to other countries worldwide.Conclusion: Investigations like this can provide a suitable path and roadmap for future research, investment, and policymaking by executive departments in the field of digital banking. The results of this research show that Iranian researchers have also entered this field and have scientific productions and collaborations with other countries in this area, but this issue should be further developed. Additionally, the co-occurrence results of the words show the frequency of terms such as "banking", "digital storage", "fintech", "digital technology", "blockchain", "e-commerce" and "authentication" and the most relevance to the term "digital banking. The results of co-authored works by countries reveal that India, America, England, the Russian Federation, Indonesia, Malaysia, Australia, and Spain have the most significant scientific cooperation in this field compared to other countries. 

Purpose: Given the significance of universities, their rankings, research outputs, and the impact of leading researchers in the field, the research aims to address the following questions: 1. What factors do top researchers adhere to in order to achieve success in their endeavors? 2. What factors will the university follow, based on the experiences of top researchers, to ensure success in their research activities? 3. How can students be effective in their research activities based on the experiences of top researchers?Methodology: The current research is of an applied nature and utilizes the qualitative content analysis method. The research community included all the working and retired faculty members of Isfahan University. A total of 40 individuals (5 women and 35 men) were selected using purposeful and snowball sampling. Based on data from the SciVal database, the top 10 researchers at the university were identified in terms of the number of international outputs (ranging from 243 to 87) and citations (ranging from 3690 to 1037). These researchers come from various fields. Additionally, using the Research Specialists database, other top researchers at the university were identified through interviews conducted using the snowball method. These researchers were selected based on their quality research, social impact, effective scientific communication, fundraising abilities, collaboration with other institutions and organizations, engagement with the industry, mentorship of selected students, and effective management and entrepreneurship in the field of research. The interview was terminated when the data reached saturation and repetition, and no new points were extracted from the content of the subsequent interviews. A semi-structured face-to-face interview was conducted to gather the opinions of the participants in the research. The findings were analyzed in three stages: open coding (extraction of sub-components), central coding (formation of components), and selective coding (selection of concepts) using MAXQDA 2020 qualitative data analysis software.Findings: The items mentioned by the participants in the interviews as factors influencing success in research activities can be categorized into three concepts based on their frequency and importance: factors related to faculty members (265 codes), university-related factors (244 codes), and factors related to students (12 codes). Each concept includes various components. The factors related to faculty members include students, individual characteristics and motivation, scientific communication, research orientation and purpose, research area, industry and society relationships, skills, research outputs, adherence to professional ethics, and thesis. The components related to the university factor include communication with industry and society, research policies, promotion regulations and policies, policies and programs, students, facilities and infrastructure, skill development, support and respect for faculty members, internationalization, financial issues, management, recruitment, research groups, administrative issues, and mission orientation. Skills and determination are also considered essential components of a student.Conclusion: In order to promote research activities at both the individual and organizational levels, it is necessary to address them from various dimensions and provide comprehensive conditions. On the other hand, the university is considered a fundamental institution for this purpose, due to the expertise and knowledge of its faculty members and students. On the other hand, the activities of faculty members and students depend on the university platform. Despite the influence of the context and environmental conditions of each university in the planning process, the individual and organizational factors mentioned can be generalized to other individuals and universities facing similar conditions. These factors can also be adjusted to fit the specific context of each university. On the other hand, there are upstream factors that are policy-based and implemented at the macro level, which can be utilized and adapted to various academic institutions.

Purpose: Awareness, knowledge, and literacy of nutritional information are essential for achieving proper nutrition. This enables individuals to make informed food choices and meet their nutritional needs effectively. The current study investigates the patterns of scientific collaboration among authors and the collaborative network involving individuals, countries, and universities in the field of nutritional information literacy. Methodology: This research is a descriptive study conducted using a scientometric approach with a practical aim. The network analysis software utilized in this research includes the VOS Viewer software for creating a general map of scientific cooperation among authors, organizations, and universities, and the NodeXL software for calculating network centrality indicators. The Gefi software was used for analyzing and visualizing network communication graphs and creating cooperation maps at individual, university, and country levels, in addition to Excel software. The statistical population in this research comprises scientific products (919 articles) in the field of nutrition information literacy from the Scopus database spanning the years 2009 to 2019.Findings: Findings show that scientific production and the number of citations received in the field have generally shown an upward trend during the years under review. Highly cited documents were published between 2009 and 2017. Important journals in the field of nutrition information literacy have mostly categorized published articles in medicine. Following that, the largest number of documents were published in the categories of nursing and social sciences, respectively. A total of 70 articles were published by single authors, while the remaining 849 articles were co-authored. The largest number of articles in this field were published by three authors, which had the highest frequency. The United States and Australia have the largest number of articles and the most collaborative work on nutrition information literacy. Collaborations include Canada and the United States (8 collaborations), Australia and the United States (6 collaborations), and India and the United States (5 collaborations). According to the Scientific Cooperation Network, the United States, Australia, the United Kingdom, and Canada rank high in all three centrality indicators. The University of Sydney had the highest number of credentials and citations in this area. The largest number of collaborations in the production of works in this field was between Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine (8 collaborations). The University of Melbourne ranks highest in all three indicators. Authors such as Amanda Devin, Heather D. Gibbs, and Susan Jessica Paxton have the highest number of articles. A review of the Writers Collaboration Network shows that Elena Carbon, Murray Drummond, and Charlene Elliott rank highest in all three centrality indicators.Conclusion: It can be concluded that the scientific output and the number of citations received in this field have generally been increasing during the years under review. Northwestern University in the United States and the Feinberg School of Medicine have the most significant collaboration in producing articles in this field. Research findings from the betweenness centrality index analysis of the collaboration network of writers in the field of nutrition literacy show that Elena Carbone, Murray Drummond, and Charlene Elliott have the highest values of the betweenness centrality index. There is a fundamental need for activities and practical measures to enhance nutrition information literacy. The results of this study, along with identifying intervening factors in nutrition information literacy, highlight the importance of bridging the gap between research and practice in this field. They also stress the importance of implementing programs, changing policies, and evaluating the outcomes of this research to make progress in promoting healthy eating habits by teaching nutrition information literacy skills. Based on the research findings, it is recommended to promote teamwork, establish communication networks among researchers, activate science and technology parks, organize international conferences, support researchers to participate in international conferences and conduct purposeful research at national and international levels. Supporting study opportunities in countries that are more advanced in various fields and sharing knowledge and experiences are also recommended. Encouraging top researchers who engage in more teamwork in specialized subject areas should be prioritized and rewarded accordingly.

Purpose: The purpose of the current research is to identify the subject trends in the co-citation network of prominent documents in the field of nuclear science and technology worldwide. Analyzing various scientific fields can assist researchers in understanding the limits and boundaries of science. Furthermore, mapping and analyzing the structure of science can serve as a guide for researchers and policymakers in different scientific fields to identify research priorities and tailor them to the specific needs of their country.Methodology: The current research is practical in terms of purpose. Initially, Scientometrics techniques were utilized to analyze the subject area of nuclear science and technology. Subsequently, the results from the Scientometrics segment of the research were scrutinized through interviews with subject matter experts. The statistical population of the research included all the documents published in the core collection of the science website in the field of nuclear science and technology (342,425 documents) for the quantitative part. For the analysis and creation of a scientific map, notable articles in the field of nuclear science and technology (40,835 articles) that received over 25 citations from 1972 to 2021 were considered. In the qualitative part of the research, a panel of 13 experts specializing in this field was formed. Citespace software was employed to analyze and create co-citation maps of notable documents in the field of nuclear science and technology. To examine the evolution in the field of nuclear science and technology from 1972 to 2021, a 50-year timeframe was divided into five ten-year intervals. Subsequently, the top 50 nodes' threshold for each of the 10-year time frames was selected using the trial-and-error method. Findings: The results of the research showed that among the 205 countries participating in the production of articles in the field of nuclear science and technology, the United States of America produced 84,359 scientific papers. The magazine Nuclear Instruments Methods in Physics Research Section Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors, and Associated Equipment produced 46,547 articles. Scientifically, the United States of America Energy Agency ranked first by producing 33,943 scientific degrees. The subject area of nuclear science technology, with 336,489 scientific degrees, is considered a pioneer in the production of scientific degrees in this field. The co-citation network of documents in global dimensions formed 57 thematic clusters. The results of the co-citation analysis of articles in global dimensions showed that Cluster #0 and Cluster #1, both with 29 members, are the largest subject clusters formed from 1972 to 2021. The average year of formation of Cluster #0 is 1978, and the dominant topic of this cluster is computer studies and profiles. The next important cluster is Cluster #1, formed in 2018, making it the newest cluster in the field of nuclear science and technology. The topic of this cluster is deep learning and its application in nuclear sciences. The largest number of clusters (15 out of 57) was formed in the last period, 2012-2021, indicating the special attention of world researchers to various topics in the field of nuclear science and technology. Conclusion: The increasing number of published articles and the upward trend of publications in the field of nuclear science and technology each year underscore the significance and value of this subject area. Research indicates that nuclear science and technology find applications in various disciplines such as physics, chemistry, medicine, medical imaging, and geology. The emergence of thematic clusters like radiation medicine and medical imaging demonstrates the diverse topics and varied applications of nuclear science and technology across different research domains. The establishment of clusters focusing on deep learning in nuclear sciences further highlights the relevance of this field and its advancements in alignment with modern technological developments.

Purpose: Considering the importance of brand positioning for any business and the growing trend of research in this field, the necessity of conducting scientific studies is fully felt. A review of the subject literature and domestic and international research shows that no comprehensive study has been done on this issue. Considering the extent and influence of the field of brand positioning in most business research, the need for clarification is evident to reveal the current situation and future trends based on scientific techniques. To fill this existing deficiency, the present research seeks to answer the question: What is the scientific map of published studies in the field of brand positioning in the Scopus database? Based on this mapping, the study aims to analyze the network of concepts in this field and identify the most valuable areas. It addresses the topics within this field and assists researchers in brand positioning to explain the study process and policy-making in this field based on the identified influential areas.Methodology: The present research is a quantitative, applied, descriptive, and scientometric study based on the objective. The research employed co-word analysis and network analysis techniques. The statistical population comprised all scientific and specialized articles on brand positioning indexed in the Scopus citation database from 1975 to 2023. Initially, the term "brand positioning" was searched in the titles, abstracts, and keywords of the Scopus database. Subsequently, the search was refined to include only articles and reviews, followed by a selection of English language articles. Finally, 577 scientific and specialized articles on brand positioning were chosen for analysis. VOSviewer and Gephi software were utilized for visualizing and analyzing scientific maps of the 577 selected documents. The Scopus database was chosen due to its vast collection of 70 million reviewed research articles from over 5000 international publishers, ensuring relative uniformity.Findings: The research findings reveal that marketing, branding, brand image, brand management, and consumer behavior are the most common topics and keywords in the realm of brand positioning. According to the generated maps and utilizing the closeness centrality index, branding, competition, marketing, brand image, product design, and brand management emerge as the most crucial topics in information dissemination within the network. In essence, they represent categories with an interdisciplinary perspective in the domain of brand positioning.Conclusion: The present study is the first systematic quantitative analysis of brand positioning research in the Scopus citation database, which uses co-word analysis to map the scientific landscape of this field. This study addresses the gap in scientometric research in the literature, aiming to enhance the understanding of brand positioning research from its inception to the present. Research questions were formulated for this purpose and will be addressed in this article. This analysis can serve as a guide for future research in brand positioning. The results indicate an increasing trend in research over the years. The main topics identified in brand positioning research include branding, brand performance, brand social responsibility, destination branding, brand positioning, and brand origin. Through co-citation analysis, key authors in the brand positioning research community were identified, such as Keller, Aaker, Diamantopoulos, and Hayer. Given the significance of green branding (a primary keyword in the corporate social responsibility cluster), the rise in environmental risks, and the impact of green branding on brand sustainability, companies in our country should prioritize this area when establishing and implementing their brand.

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to determine the status of scientific productions of Jundi-Shapur University of Technology in the Web of Science database. By identifying the research performance of the university and taking necessary measures, the factors and conditions for increasing scientific production and upgrading the university's rank will be provided. The results of this study can be a valuable and efficient tool for management in macro-planning in research and lead to essential planning. Therefore, the state of scientific research productions, as an example of Iran's academic community, has been examined to determine the degree of development of the university based on indicators such as the number of articles indexed by university researchers, their growth trends, identification of fields and active researchers, determination of co-authorship network, determination of organizational network, and numbers of citations. These should be measured and evaluated using scientific metrics.Methodology: This scientific analytical research employs the library method, and VOSviewer software is utilized for data analysis. The statistical population comprises all scientific works affiliated with this university in the Web of Science database from 2010 to 2021, where at least one researcher is affiliated with Jundi-Shapur University of Technology. Data collection involved searching for the term "Dezful" in the "Address" field and filtering the results by selecting Jundi-Shapur University of Technology and the relevant years. Descriptive statistics were conducted using Excel and VOSviewer software, and statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney U test.Findings: The results of this research show that the number of indexed articles from Jundi-Shapur University of Technology in the Web of Science database is 294 records. The first article was indexed in 2010, and the growth rate of scientific production has been increasing every year on average. Particularly, from 2019 to 2021, there has been an upward trend, with the highest growth rate recorded in 2012 at 600 articles. The average growth of scientific production is 92.51. Participation in scientific productions is at a very good level, with 95.58% of all articles being produced with the collaboration of other researchers. The highest participation rate was in 2021 at 29.54%. The dominant co-authorship pattern among university researchers is the pattern of 3 authors, with a collaboration degree of 0.938 and a collaboration index of 3.15. The high collaboration degree and index indicate the strong participation of researchers and their willingness to write joint articles and engage in scientific collaborations. The most active department in terms of scientific productions is the Department of Basic Sciences, with 117 articles, accounting for 39.53% of the total articles. The department with the lowest activity is the Department of Architecture and Urban Planning. The most productive researcher was R. Nikandish (45 articles in WoS) from the Department of Basic Sciences. The total number of citations is 1859, with an average of 6.32 citations per article. The total number of citations has increased with the rise in the number of scientific productions, with the highest number of citations recorded in 2021 at 802. The most cited researchers were A. Keramat, A. Ghasemi, and N. Tahmasbi, respectively. The highest rate of collaboration in scientific products was observed with Amirkabir, K.N.Toosi, Shahid Chamran Ahvaz, and Sharif Universities, while the countries with the highest collaboration rates were Spain and the United States. Additionally, there was a significant difference between the number of women's and men's scientific productions at Jundi-Shapur University of Technology (P-value = 0.014).Conclusion: Although ups and downs have accompanied the trend of scientific productions of JSUT and their citing rate, it has grown well in recent years. Also, it seems their scientific collaboration with local and international researchers has been effective in increasing the number of articles and their citation rate.

Purpose: With the increase in environmental problems and the world's need to achieve sustainable development, a new subfield of entrepreneurship has emerged, known as green entrepreneurship. Given the novelty and early stage of the literature in this field, the current research aims to analyze studies in green entrepreneurship using indicators of scientific measurement. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the topic of green entrepreneurship.Methodology: This study employed a Scientometrics approach, descriptive analysis, content analysis, and systematic review. To address the research questions, electronic databases such as Scopus, Science Direct, and Emerald from 2000 to 2022 were utilized. Subsequently, all descriptive and analytical studies were scrutinized. The systematic review involved inclusion and exclusion criteria to filter relevant articles for analysis. The review framework adhered to the PRISMA checklist, comprising 4 stages (Identification, Screening, Eligibility, and Inclusion). Following the application of evaluation criteria, 171 articles were analyzed.Findings: The analysis shows an upward trend in published articles on green entrepreneurship. It was found that most of the studies were quantitative and conducted using the case study method. Another interesting discovery is the increasing popularity of terms related to green entrepreneurship in recent years, such as green innovation, green and circular economy, and the prevalence of green and institutional innovation theories. The findings revealed that England and China have the highest co-authorship in green entrepreneurship studies. Among the identified factors, institutional and political factors have garnered the most attention from researchers.Conclusion: The increasing trend of studies in the field of green entrepreneurship, particularly in recent years, can be attributed to the rising needs of societies, resource scarcity, escalating environmental and employment issues, and the growing interest of researchers in environmental and entrepreneurial studies. This surge has led governments to support green businesses. Analysis results indicate that terms like sustainable development, sustainability, and entrepreneurship, which rank at the top, reflect the extensive research conducted in these areas. In contrast, fourth in terms of research volume, indicating a relative scarcity of studies in this specific field. Consequently, further research, especially in green entrepreneurship, requires time. Moreover, research findings from various countries on green entrepreneurship reveal that the majority of research contributions come from developed nations like England, China, and the United States, which exhibit a significant focus on this subject. Additionally, the most cited journals in this research predominantly feature authors from developed countries. The results also highlight that researchers have shown more interest in quantitative and qualitative methods individually, while the combined research method, despite its strengths, has not garnered much attention in this domain. Furthermore, the theories introduced in this research have been long-standing in entrepreneurship but are relatively new in the context of green entrepreneurship. Notably, theories such as innovation and institutionalism have received considerable attention, with the institutional approach emphasizing the importance of a conducive institutional environment for the advancement of green entrepreneurship. Consequently, institutional reforms are essential to enable institutions to support entrepreneurship as a driver of development. The study also identifies factors influencing the progress of green entrepreneurship, potentially opening up new avenues for future scientific exploration. These research findings will aid upcoming researchers in pinpointing gaps in the field, thereby saving time and resources by avoiding redundant issues. By addressing these research gaps, researchers can significantly contribute to the decision-making processes of policymakers and planners

Purpose: One of the biggest challenges in every person's life is choosing a job, which is affected by very important factors. Choosing a job is not an easy decision and has a lasting impact on a person's future. A person's environment, talents, skills, and educational progress affect the choice of a job, and if the wrong choice is made, it may lead to failure and disappointment. Therefore, the primary reason for choosing a job is to earn money and social status, which will ultimately influence a person's personality, behavior, and perspective. The career path, or in other words, the professional development path, is a long-term and complex process that is influenced by psychological, sociological, educational, physical, economic, and environmental factors.Methodology: This article is classified as a descriptive-applied type of research based on its purpose. Various scientometric techniques were utilized to analyze scientific productions in this study. The necessary data for this research were gathered from the Web of Science database. One notable feature of this database is its citation search capability, which enables users to refine their search by title, subject, and author. The statistical population for this study comprises scientific research articles related to the profession and occupation of accountants, published in the Web of Science database between 1972 and 2022. Initially, 4435 articles were retrieved, out of which 269 were not in English, 647 were not articles (as non-reviewed articles, conferences, and books were excluded), 3077 were not closely related to the accounting field (as three fields—management, business, and economics—were selected), and 39 were from 2023 and thus were excluded.Findings: The analysis of articles on accountants' career development revealed an increasing interest among researchers in this field. The highest number of articles were published in 2020 and 2021, while the lowest was in 1972. The word in the fifth cluster indicates its significance in research studies. Gender, mobility, job satisfaction, and performance were found to be linked to the word co-authorship map highlighted the United States as a leading research hub in this area, with 20 connections and 137 articles published. England followed with 17 connections and 51 articles.Conclusion: The purpose of this study is to create scientific maps illustrating the professional development trajectory of accountants. In scientometric research, the initial consideration should be the significance of quantitative and qualitative information regarding the subject being studied. Such studies reveal hidden realities in various scientific fields. Remote research points can pose significant challenges in the future or present remarkable prospects for further research, thereby reducing study gaps. The data for this research were extracted from the scientific database of Web of Science, and scientific maps were generated using VOSviewer software. The study initially analyzed the publication process of the scientific outputs indexed in the Web of Science database. The results indicated a recent increase in articles focusing on career paths, capturing researchers' attention. The first article, titled "Gender Career Paths, was published in 1998, marking the beginning of research in the field of employment. In the vocabulary co-occurrence map, out of the 1977 keywords, 114 words met the minimum threshold value (i.e., at least 5 repetitions). The mapping findings underscore the significance of the term in the co-authorship map of countries, 57 countries had published at least one article. According to the map results, America emerged as the primary research hub, with 137 articles and 20 communications. Notably, Iran was absent from this map, indicating a lack of collaboration on the subject under investigation. Additionally, England secured the second position with 51 articles and 17 communications.

Purpose: The production of science in each country reflects its development, and the sustainable progress of each nation is contingent upon its specific capabilities. The advancement of human, financial, economic, social, cultural, and political resources is a cornerstone of sustainable development in any country. Higher education plays a crucial role in cultivating specialized human resources required by society, equipping them with the necessary skills for their respective roles. Evaluation is a key factor that can shift education from a static state to a dynamic trajectory. Higher education and the contributions of professors are pivotal in the progress of any country. The evaluation of professors in the field of painting holds particular significance due to the valuable and substantial outputs they generate, many of which cannot be adequately identified and assessed using the standard criteria for faculty promotion. This study aims to explore the evaluation criteria and research productivity of faculty members specializing in painting at the Public and Islamic Azad universities in Tehran, as well as their perspectives on evaluation criteria. Methodology: The current research is of an applied nature, specifically a descriptive survey for data collection. The scientometric approach was utilized in this research. The statistical population consisted of 30 individuals out of 61 painting professors from Public and Islamic Azad universities in Tehran between 2018 and 2021. The selection criteria included having at least an assistant professor degree, three years of teaching experience, and the willingness of participants to take part in the research. Among these 30 individuals, 23 participated, with 4 engaging in specialized interviews and 19 responding to a questionnaire. The research instrument was a researcher-developed questionnaire comprising 56 questions. 26 questions were directly derived from the regulations for faculty members' promotion in universities and higher education institutions under the Ministry of Science's supervision (Ministry of Science, Research and Technology, 2016) (explicit outputs), while 30 questions were related to significant outputs in the field of painting, either implicitly mentioned in the regulations or identified through qualitative interviews with painting experts (semi-obvious outputs). The questionnaire's content validity was confirmed by four faculty members, and its reliability, assessed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient, was 0.765. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software.Findings: The findings revealed that among the various types of research outputs, internal scientific research articles, promotional scientific articles, and conference articles each received the highest score of 91.3 percent. Conversely, works related to book criticism had a frequency of 17.4 percent. Foreign articles indexed in the Web of Science, participation in international research projects, and guiding bachelor's theses were the least common types of research works among professors, each scoring 21.7 percent. The results indicated that while many professors included publications in their resumes, most lacked valid foreign articles indexed in WOS and Scopus. For those who did have such articles, the average number was only about two, which is notably low for professors of this scientific caliber. Among the semi-obvious outputs, showcasing works in individual internal exhibitions, displaying works in group internal exhibitions, creating artwork, and mastering a foreign language all have a 100 percent frequency. The history of membership in ethics committees in research has a 13 percent frequency. Exhibiting works in individual foreign exhibitions has a 13 percent frequency while being the editor or manager of magazines in the field of visual arts has a 14.7 percent frequency. These two have the lowest frequency among the semi-obvious outputs. According to painting professors, guides for specialized doctorate theses, showcasing works in individual foreign exhibitions, participating in international research projects, and teaching workshops are considered the most important for the promotion of professors in this field. On the other hand, book reviews, internal conference papers, thesis counseling for Bachelor's degrees, history of membership in ethics committees in research, book editing and compilation, and guidance of bachelor's theses are considered the least important. According to professors, there was no significant difference between obvious and semi-obvious outputs. Ignoring artworks and exhibitions as the outputs of this field, many professors, not familiar with the latest research methods in art, avoid international trips and conferences due to financial problems and the lack of motivation among professors and officials to upgrade their scientific rank. The arrangement was the most important obstacle to the fair promotion of painting professors.Conclusion: In general, based on the results obtained from the present research, it can be concluded that the current regulations for the promotion of professors are inadequate in fairly evaluating art professors. Structural reforms and practical measures are needed to enhance the evaluation of professors in this field.According to the research findings, it is recommended to incorporate items endorsed by selected professors into the promotion regulations to address the lack of availability or inadequate presentation of certain outputs. Additionally, in response to concerns raised by professors regarding methodological issues in painting research, it is advised to organize skill enhancement workshops for faculty members in this field. Lastly, it is proposed that the individuals responsible for revising the promotion regulations include dedicated sections for specific disciplines like painting to ensure equitable competition and recognition within other research-oriented disciplines.

Purpose: The purpose of the present research is to map the intellectual structure of the subject categories of Cultural Heritage Conservation articles indexed in the AATA online database.Methodology: This applied research was conducted using clustering and Co-occurrence Analysis. The statistical population for the research includes all subject categories of articles indexed in the AATA database from 1800 to 2020. The "Ward" method was utilized for hierarchical clustering. Data analysis was carried out using Excel and SPSS software. VOSviewer, UCINET, and RavarPrimap software were employed to visualize the co-occurrence network of topics.Findings: The results revealed that the subject of "architectural conservation" was the most frequent topic. The topics "pigments, colors, and paintings", "archaeological conservation and "preventive conservation, and general topics" were ranked second to fourth with frequencies of 15517, 14063, and 11518, respectively. The pair "Architecture Protection**Stone and related construction materials" was the most common theme in terms of co-occurrence. Additionally, the pairs "Archaeological Conservation** Ceramics, Glass, and Glaze" and "Archaeological Conservation** Metals and Metallurgical Byproducts" were ranked second and third with 2099 and 273 repetitions, respectively. Hierarchical clustering, using the "Ward" method, resulted in the formation of 8 thematic clusters. The cluster "Studies focused on the type of protected material included 49 topics, was the largest cluster. Other clusters included "theories and history" with 8 topics, "knowledge of techniques and materials and evaluation of treatment methods" with 26 subjects, "emergency Restoration and Risk Analysis" with 20 topics, "Archaeological Conservation and Conservation Studies of Egypt" with 15 topics, "pathology and conservation of earthen architecture" with 14 topics, "Historical Concrete (Sarouj) 5 topics, and "Historical Conservation Resources" with 5 topics.Conclusion: "Architectural Conservation, "Pigments, Paints, and Paintings, "Archaeological Conservation, and "Preventive Conservation" were among the topics of interest in the field of cultural heritage conservation. The results of the co-occurrence analysis showed that the clusters of "Identification techniques and materials and evaluation of treatment methods" and "Historic Conservation Resources" were considered central, mature, and well-developed. These clusters have played a central role in cultural heritage conservation research. The clusters of "Archaeological Conservation and Conservation Studies of Egypt" and "Pathology and Conservation of Earthen Architecture" were not central but considered well-developed clusters. Although the clusters "Studies focused on the type of protected materials" and "Emergency conservation and risk assessment central role in cultural heritage conservation research, they were deemed immature. The clusters "Theories and History" and "Historical Concrete" received less attention in research.The results of mapping the intellectual structure using co-occurrence analysis showed that the highest centrality degree was assigned to thematic categories of "Archaeological Conservation, "Pigments, Paints, and Paintings, and "Architectural Conservation. This means that these subject areas had the most influence on the map. Consequently, these areas were deemed crucial in the thematic structure of the field of cultural heritage conservation. Betweenness centrality also indicates the importance of a node in terms of its position on the map and information transmission in the network. According to the results, the subject categories with the highest centrality were "metals and metallurgical products, "preventive protection and general issues, and "non-cellular natural organic materials (resins, varnish, wax, gum, oils...). these thematic categories played a significant role in information transmission in the thematic network of cultural heritage conservation. Conversely, the centrality index of the issues in the field of cultural heritage conservation was very similar. This outcome suggests that different topics have a similar level of influence in the network.