Iranian South Medical Journal
Year:2013 | Volume:16 | Issue:2|Papers Count:12

Background: The incidence of thrombosis is lower in children and prepubertal period than adults. But its incidence increases in adolescence. The aim of this study was comparing the effect of one session of endurance exhaustive exercise in different times on some of coagulation systems markers in pre and after maturation wistar rats.Material and Methods: 27mature male wistar rats with 241±5 grams mean weight and 27 immature male rats with 97±5 grams mean weight which were 14 and 5 weeks old, respectively, after two weeks getting accustomed to the new environment and treadmill, were divided into one control and two exercising groups. Then, sampling was performed immediately and after 24 hours after exercise. Exhausting endurance exercise program involved increasing the speed of treadmill until getting exhausted. Fibrinogen, APTT, and PT were measured with the Clause and coagulation methods. The analysis was performed by using independent t-test, one-way variance analysis and tukey test. Significance level was assigned for all statistical analysis (p£0.050).Results: Results in immature and mature rats groups indicated that amounts of fibrinogen has had significant reduction immediately after exercise (p=0.004, p=0.047), and 24 hours after exercise were significantly increased only in mature rats (p=0.000). Also, APTT in all groups decreased immediately and 24 hours after exercise but it was significant just 24 hours after exercise.Conclusion: Due to the increased fibrinogen and decreased APTT at 24 hours after exhaustive endurance exercise in mature and immature rats, it seems that performing such activities in children and inactive adults must be accompanied with special considerations.

Background: According to positive effect of sesame oil on the nervous system and because that fatty acids are essential for evolution of nervous system during pregnancy and for growth of neurons during lactation, in this study, effect of diet containing 10% sesame oil was evaluated on learning of rats at 30 days after birth.Material and Methods: In present study, adult female and male rats were divided into 2 groups (9 female and 3 male rats in each group): control group with usual diet and test group with diet containing 10% sesame oil were fed during pregnancy and lactation. Then male and female offspring of groups was examined at 30 days after birth using shuttle box. The results were analyzed using two way analysis of variance.Results: The average of latent time in entering to black box in start of learning in test group was less than control group (P<0.01). The average of latent time in entering to black box at 48 after learning in test group was higher than control group and the average of spend time in black box at 48 after learning in test group was less than control group P<0.001).Conclusion: The results showed that diet containing 10% sesame oil during pregnancy and lactation increased passive avoidance memory learning after 48 hour in rats at 30 days after birth.

Background: The occumulation of heavy metals which are as the results of industrial, urban and agricultural sewages are usually resistant to chemical dissociation. They can easily contaminate aquatic animals especially shrimps which are one of the food chains of humans. The aim of this study was to evaluate the concentration of heavy metals in the tissues of different types of shrimps (wild and farmed) in the sea waters of province of Bushehr (Persian Gulf).Material and Methods: Wild shrimps from different areas of the province and also three types of farmed shrimps including Ferropenaeus, penaeus semisulcatus and Litopenaeusvannamei were caught and collected. Then cleaned, washed, dried and made into powder and then made into ash in a furnace at 550oC. Heavy metals including Pb, Cd, Hg, Cu, and Zn were measured by atomic absorption flame photometry.Results: The mean values of the concentration of the heavy metals including Pb, Cd, Zn, and Cu present in the wild shrimps were, 2.86, 9.53, 0.45, 1.36 ppm respectively. The amount of Hg found to be 2.8 ppb. Also the mean values of the concentration of the heavy metals in the farmed shrimps were measured as 3, 9.8, 0.42 and 1.37 ppm respectively and the amount of Hg was 2.7 ppb. There was no difference between the amount of heavy metals estimated in the tissues from wild shrimps and the farmed one.Conclusion: The results of this investigation showed that the concentration of heavy metals including Zn, Cu and Hg in both types of the shrimps were less than the amounts reported by WHO and so not risky for health. However the concentration of Pb and Cd in both types were more than the recommended consumption limit for the humans, and they can be considered as risk factors for many diseases. This suggests that attempts should be taken by the responsible authorities to prevent the contamination of sea waters.

Background: Allergen immunotherapy involves the administration of gradually increasing quantities of specific allergens to patients with IgE-mediated conditions until a dose is reached that is effective in reducing disease severity from natural exposure. This study evaluated the clinical efficacy of immunotherapy with extracts of common aeroallergens North-East of Iran in asthma and allergic rhinitis.Material and Methods: In this prospective study 156 cases were chosen randomley. The mean age of patients was 37 years (range 5-65 years). The patients with mild to moderate asthma and allergic rhinitis and history of atopy were selected for immunotherapy when they showed no effective response to medical treatment. Immunotherapy materials were made from common aeroallergens in north-eastern region of Iran by Dome Hollister US company. Immunotherapy schedule for injection of the extract with vial dilution of 1: 10000pg was one injection every week for ten weeks and one injection with dilution of 1: 1000pg every other week for the other ten weeks and one injection monthly from dilution of 1: 100pg for two years.Results: One hundred twenty (77%) of cases had allergic rhinitis 29 (18.5%) cases had allergic asthma and 7 (4.5%) cases were mixed. Mean age of patients were 37 years old.48 (30.8%) cases were male. Analysis of efficacy of treatment showed that immunotherapy significantly improved the signs and symptoms of all the groups. In allergic rhinitis group 84 (70%) cases completely improved, 22 (18.4%) patients moderately responded and no response to immunotherapy was observed in 14 (11.6%) patients. In allergic asthma group, 22 (75%) cases completely improved 4 (13.6%) cases moderately responded and no response to immunotherapy was detected in 3 (11.4%) cases. In mixed group, 3 (42.8%) cases completely improved, 3 (42.8%) cases moderately responded and no response was observed in 1 (14.4%) case.Conclusion: Specific allergen immunotherapy for patients with allergic persistent mild to moderate asthma and moderate to severe allergic rhinitis without good response to medical treatment is highly recommended. It is recommended as effective treatment in such patients.

Background: Migraine is a neurological disease that the etiology, several factors affect its onset or its exacerbation. One of the factors affecting disease is psychological factors such as defense mechanisms, resiliency, and general health. This study assessed the relationship between general health, resiliency, and general defense mechanisms, and also predicts the general health of people with migraine headaches that have a high resiliency and use mature defense mechanisms.Material and Methods: 50 women with migraine headache in the city of Bushehr using defense mechanisms, resiliency, and general health questionnaires were studied. For statistical analysis, Pearson correlation and multiple regression tests were used by SPSS 17 software.Results: The results showed that most of the defense mechanisms of migraine sufferers are Immature and Neuroticism. There is significant negative correlation between the deterioration of general health and resiliency as well as the mature defense mechanism (p=0.003), and also there is a significant positive correlation between this deterioration with neuroticism (p=0.040) and immature defense mechanisms (p=0.041). On the other hand there is significant negative correlation between resiliencies with immature (p=0.009) and neuroticism defense mechanisms (p=0.04), and also with mature defense mechanism has a significant positive correlation (p=0.003). Also, as more people use the mature defense mechanism, their deterioration of general health will be reduced, but this relationship will be stronger with the presence of resiliency. So migraine people use the mature defense mechanisms with high resiliency will have more favorable general health (less deterioration of general health).Conclusion: This study showed that migraine patients use the mature defense mechanisms with high resiliency will have more favorable general health (less deterioration of general health).

Background: Nurses play a crucial role in providing health care services in hospitals. Therefore, factors affecting job satisfaction of nurses are critical and important issues for study. The purpose of this research was to predict job satisfaction by emotional intelligence and competence among nurses working in central hospital of Bushehr University of Medical Sciences.Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 132 nurses working in main hospital of Bushehr University of Medical Sciences were selected and studied using census sampling. For data collection, a set of valid and reliable instruments including Shiberiyashring’s Emotional Intelligence Scale, Job Satisfaction Scale and Nurse Competence Scale were administered. The hypotheses were tested using linear Regression and Pearson correlation coefficient.Results: The findings of linear regression analysis showed that emotional intelligence component of empathy and social skills predicted the job satisfaction changes but none of competence domains had predictive power of job satisfaction. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between emotional intelligence and Job satisfaction but there was no significant relationship between competence and job satisfaction.Conclusion: Results indicated that component of emotional intelligence like empathy and social skills are good predictors for nurses’ job satisfaction but competence cannot predict job satisfaction.

Background: Pediatric resuscitation is challenging for therapeutic group. The most physicians have limited experience in dealing with this situation. Appropriate dosing of the drugs depends on the body weight of the children that it is usually not feasible. There is need for a fast, convenient and reliable method for body weight estimation in children. The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of Broselow tape in children of Bushehr city.Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the emergency department of Aliasghar hospital. Children were between 1 month and 14 years. Children with chronic disease, 3<wt>34, ill children were excluded from study. Estimated weight measured based on Broselow tape and actual weight measured by digital scale, then estimated and actual weight were compared. The results were analyzed by SPSS Software Ver 18 and T-Test, Chi-Square Test.Results: findings showed that 43.2% of total subjects were female Mean of age were 43 months.72.5% of tape body weights were within ±10% error of actual body weights.78.9% of tape body weight was within ±15% error of actual body weights. There was no significant difference between boys and girls.Conclusion: Broslow tape was easy, fast and exact for body weight estimation in emergency situation.it is more exact of body weight estimation by parents or therapeutic group so it helps therapeutic group in emergency department for accounting of medication dosage and equipment sizes.

BackgroundSonohysterography refers to a procedure in which fluid is instilled into uterine cavity transcervically during trans-vaginal ultrasound examination to visualize uterine cavity and tubal patency. This procedure is unknown for the most researchers and physicians in our country.Material and Methods: We collected the valid articles about sonohysterography in literatures in the last decade (2000-2012). We searched in Google scholar, Pub med, OVID, MEDLINE, EMBAS, Cochrane Labrary, SID, Iran medex, Mag Iran, and Med Lab.Results: The accuracy of sonohysterography in evaluation of uterine cavity is the same as hysteroscopy. This procedure has ability to visualize uterine cavity and to differentiate between septate and bicornuate uterus. In comparison with hysterosalpingography, this procedure gives more information about uterine cavity. Sonohysterography has high sensitivity and specificity in the evaluation of tubal patency. It serves as valuable first line screening test in abnormal uterine bleeding and congenital uterine anomalies.Conclusion: Sonohysterography is a useful, cost-effective, simple and safe screening method with high quality and low potential for side effects for the evaluation of uterine cavity and tubal patency in infertile women and the patients with abnormal uterine bleeding. Patients tolerate this procedure well. This procedure can be used as a screening test for patients who need invasive procedures.

Traumatic diaphragmatic rupture (TDR) is a life-threatening condition that is quite uncommon and often results from either blunt or penetrating trauma. This entity may be diagnosed late. The purpose of study was to review experiences about diaphragmatic rupture and diagnostic defects that would be helpful in rapid diagnosis and treatment of these patients. A retrospective case note analysis was performed on the five patients treated for TDR between October 1997 and October 2011. Five patients (4 men and 1 woman) between 13 and 63 years of age (mean age 37) were included in the study. Total five cases had diaphragmatic rupture in left side. One patient had penetrating injuries and 4 patients had blunt injuries. The diagnosis was done preoperatively in 3 cases and postoperatively in 2 cases. As a consequence in 2cases TDR had not been diagnosed even by intraoperative exploration in others centers. In four cases, the diagnosis was delayed from three days to four years. TDR is a relative uncommon event and represents a diagnostic challenge and It also may be missed during operation. A high index of suspicion combined with repeated and selective radiologic evaluation, thorough examination of abdomen and both the hemi diaphragms during emergency laparotomy can help surgeons in accurate diagnosis.