IRANIAN SOUTH MEDICAL JOURNAL (ISMJ)
Year:2013 | Volume:16 | Issue:1|Papers Count:9

Background: Escherichia coli uropathogen is dominant pathogen in urinary infections. Urinary tract infections are one of the most prevalent human infections. Despite different antigens and toxins of interfering bacteria in infection, one of the important agents in the infections arising from Escherichia coli and the other gram negative bacteria is bacterial binding to host cell surface, so inhibiting the bacterial binding is an appropriate strategy to inhibit the infection. Whereas PapG protein acts as adhesion, it can be an appropriate candidate for developingvaccine.Material and Methods: A Genomic DNA of Escherichia coli bacterium extracted from clinical strain containing PapGII gene. Upon designing primer for PapGII gene, the PCR reaction was applied. The product of PCR was cloned in pBluescript (SK-) plasmid. Using Clustal W and MEGA4 software, the gained subsequence was alignmented with the gene subsequence existing in gene bank and its gene diversity was studied.Results: Based on was down alignment, N terminal on the protein surface and DNA are protected.Conclusion: N terminal domain of PapG gene is a conserved sequence among clinical straines? And it could be used for designing a vaccine against urinary tract infection.

Background: Suaeda aegyptica (S. aegyptica) species belong to the Chenepodiaceae family, the second largest family in the world of plants kingdom. It is indigenous to arid and semi-arid regions of the world and salty coastal zones Persian Gulf of Iran. It is an annual succulent halophyte plant which is characterized by producing oily seeds, high growth rate and large number of biomass. The aim of this study was analysis and determination of oil and fatty acids concentration in the S. aegyptica seed.Material and Methods: The seeds of S. aegyptica were collected form coastal zones of Persian Gulf in Bushehr province, washed and dried. The fatty acids content of the dried seeds were extracted in n-hexane solvent by soxhellet apparatus. The residue of n-hexane in oily phase was evaporated by rotary evaporator and remaining oil was collected for fatty acids analysis. In the presence of potassium hydroxide and BF3 by refluxing for 30 minutes, the methyl ester derivative of fatty acids were produced. Then the resulted derivatives were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC-FID).Results: The seeds of S. aegyptica contains eight fatty acids as: Pelargonic (C9), Capric (C10), Undecylic (C11), Tridecylic (C13), Myristic (C14), Palmitic (C16), Stearic (C18), Linoleic (18:2) and Linolenic (18:3). Average oil content in seeds 0.014±87 / percent.Conclusion: The ratio of unsaturated fatty acids was higher than the saturated ones. Linoleic and Palmitic acids are major unsaturated and saturated fatty acids of S. aegyptica seed respectively.

Background: Garlic components may change due to its enzymes activity such as alliance. In this research the effect of three months old garlic on the growth of WEHI-164 fibrosarcoma cells was examined in comparison with fresh garlic in Balb/c mice.Material and Methods: In this interventional study 40 female inbred Balb/c mice were designated into 5 groups. WEHI-164 cells were injected subcutaneously in the chest of animal. Two weeks before and three weeks after injection of cancer cells, 0.2 cc of normal saline or 20 mg/kg extracts of fresh or three months old garlic was injected intraperitoneally (IP) to mice. Five days after cells’ injection until day 21, every other day, and the mean size of tumors was measured and compared with each other, using ANOVA test. The antioxidant potential of extracts and the amount of total phenolic were also measured.Results: The amount of phenolic compounds in fresh garlic extract was 12.61mg/g and in three months old garlic was 2.89 mg/g. The efficiency of fresh garlic (35.63) was further compared with three month old garlic (10.2) in prevention of oxidation (p<0.05). The mean size of tumors in groups which received fresh garlic was smaller than that of control group. This tumor size was increased by time, so that a significant difference in mention groups could be seen on days 17, 19 and 21 (p=0.001). Injection of 3-months old garlic had no effect on inhibition of growth of cancer cells compared to control group (P=0.61).Conclusion: Findings showed that garlic consumption might have important role in control and prevention of fibrosarcoma growth. But along with time the beneficial effect of garlic on cancer cells is reduced. Therefore, fresh garlic consumption is recommended.

Background: Cesarean delivery is a surgical operation which is applied to prevent maternal and fetal complications. Cesarean delivery isn’t without complication and has some complications such as infection. Postoperative infection includes; endometritis, wound infection and septic pelvic thrombophlebitis that depend to prophylactic antibiotics and surgical technique. The aim of this study was comparison of post operative infection after single dose and three doses of prophylactic antibiotic regimens.Material and Methods: This double blind randomized clinical trial was performed on all pregnant women referd to the Vali-Asr Hospital of Zanjan University of Medical Sciences and underwent cesarean delivery during one year from starting study. Participants subsequently were randomized into two groups: A (recieved single dose of prophylactic antibiotic) and B (recieved three doses of prophylactic antibiotic). Subjects were checked up for the clinical signs of infection during hospitalization and 10 days after discharge. The results were analyzed by SPSS Software Ver16 and Chi-Square Test.Results: During one year, 146 pregnant women with cesarean delivery entered 2 equal groups (A and B) which each group had 73 subjects. During hospitalization after cesarean delivery, 5(6.8%) patients of group A and 2(2.7%) patients of group B had fever. There was no significant correlation between the two groups.Conclusion: There was no significant correlation between single dose and three doses of prophylactic antibiotic regimens in groups A and B. Therefore, it seems that there is no need to use three doses of prophylactic antibiotic for cesarean delivery. Therfore, because of drug resistance and economic loss, single dose of prophylactic antibiotic is recommended for prevention of post cesarean infection.

Background: Although fine needle aspiration (FNA) has been suggested as choice procedure in pre-operative diagnosis of thyroid nodules, but it may miss a third of all malignancies in palpable nodules of thyroid gland.Material and Methods: In a prospective study collected data of 198 consecutive patients who had preoperative FNA, thyroidectomy was performed in a university hospital, were reviewed. The FNA results were classified base on the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE) classification. The patients were categorized into benign, malignant and indeterminate groups. The indeterminate group included follicular neoplasms, Hurthle cell lesions, and the follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). All FNA results were evaluated by two expert cytopathologists who were blind to the results of histopathology and the clinical features of the patients.Results: A total of 172 (86.9%) thyroidectomized patients had benign lesions and 36 (13.1%) had malignant lesions in final histopathology. The most common malignant lesion was PTC (76.9%. Follicular thyroid carcinoma, medullary thyroid carcinoma and follicular adenoma were found in 3 and 18 patients, respectively. Benign lesions (158 cases, 79.8%), malignant lesions (17 cases, 8.6%), indeterminate (23 cases, 11.6%) were reported in FNA. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy of FNA were 53.84%, 98.01%, 82.35%, 92.50, and 81.81%, respectively.Conclusion: FNA had low sensitivity to detect thyroid malignant lesions preoperatively. Thus, clinical features, findings of thyroid sonography, and novel biological markers should also be considered in the preoperative management of thyroid nodules.

Background: Based on the World Health Organization (WHO) proposition, 5 days a week and 30 minutes a day of aerobic physical activity has numerous healthy effects for middle-aged and adult population. However, to date the anti inflammatory effect of this program has not been studied. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 16 weeks of the WHO purposed physical activity program on C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 in middle-aged men.Material and Methods: 30 middle-aged men with C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 levels higher than the predicted values participated in this study. The subjects randomized to three groups: control (n=10), one training session per day (n=10, 16 weeks, 5 days a week, 30 minutes a day tread mill running, with70-80% of HRmax), and two training sessions per day (n=10, 16 weeks, 5 days a week, 2×15 minutes a day tread mill running, with 70-80% of HRmax). Pre and post exercise C-reactive protein (fasting), interleukin-6(fasting), BMI and VO2max were measured. Data were analyzed with paired and one sample t-test and variance analysis.Results: Both training methods caused significant (p<0.05) decrease in C-reactive protein, interleukin-6 and BMI, and significant (p<0.05) increase in VO2max in comparison with the control group.Conclusion: 16 weeks of the WHO proposed physical activity program, either one session per day or two sessions per day, can lead to C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 reduction in middle-age men.

Background: Glucose 6- phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is a genetic disorder and assessment of newborns with or without this deficiency is counted as one of the effective components in public health evaluation in different countries. So, this study was aimed to assess prevalence of G6PD deficiency in newborns in Tehran.Material and Methods: This cross- sectional study was done on 1226 newborns (585 male, 641 female) in Rasol Akram and Ali Asghar hospitals in 2009. G6PD screening was done by fluorescent spot test method and G6PD activity was determined by Beutler method. Indices of weight, age, bilirubin level, blood group, and coomb’s test and reticulocyte count were recorded for all neonates. Obtained results were assessed using SPSS program (version 16) and T student and Chi square tests and (P<0.05) was considered significant.Results: Of 1226 newborns, 27 newborns (2.2%) (12 male, 15 female) were G6PD deficient which of 27 neonates, 19 neonates had hyperbilirubinaemia. G6PD activity was 11.4±1.1 (U/gHb) in normal newborns but in G6PD deficient newborns was 2.2±0.63 (U/gHb) which difference between them was significant. (P=0.027) The mean value of bilirubin was 7.7±0.11 (mg/dL) in normal neonates but in deficient was 13.1±1.1 (mg/dL) which was statistically higher than normal newborns (P=0.047). Of total newborns transfusion exchange was done for 22 newborns which 8 neonates (36.3 %) of them were G6PD deficient.Conclusion: With regard to prevalence of 2.2 % of G6PD deficiency, necessity of cord blood samples’ assessment and training the high risk mothers for prevention of hyperbilirubinaemia induced neurologic damage (kernicterus) are recommended.

Background: In disasters, large number of causalities rash into the hospitals in order to get health facilities. So, hospitals are the reference point for delivering the health services in all levels for helping to the most percent of injured people. Aim of study was to assess hospital disaster preparedness of Bushehr province.Material and Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study which has been done in all Bushehr province hospitals. In order to collect data, we used 210 questions checklist with 10 different aims; each aim had consisted of 6 different domains (equipment, working stuff, physical space, structure, protocols and functional chart). The checklists were completed by direct observation and evaluation of equipment, programs and documents based on their domains with different people.Results: The hospital preparedness in traffic base was very poor with mean number of 19.04±16.10 evaluation of security; education and management domain with mean number 35.29±26.52, 38.65±19.46, 36.36±24.05, respectively were poor. In logistics, workforce, communications, excused transportation and addition to the hospitals with the mean number of 53.26±26.31, 49.65±27.61, 45.53±18.29, 43.33±19.72, and 40.47±20.37 were estimated as average. The most number was belonged to the emergency with the mean number of 53.80±19.18.Conclusion: The Bushehr province hospitals have not enough preparation against unexpected disasters and cannot be a good supporter for disaster happening, and in the occasions of happenings so many serious problems will occur. It will be suggested that the hospital managers should pay more attention to the unexpected disasters.