JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY HEALTH RESEARCH
Year:2017 | Volume:6 | Issue:3|Papers Count:8

Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) caused by Echinococcus multilocularis can infect humans as a dead-end host. They matured in canid’s intestine (e.g. foxes, jackals, wolves, dogs, cats, etc.). AE is seen across the world. It has a high prevalence in the central and northern parts of Europe, North America and Asia...

Introduction: General health comprised features that act as a shield in the face of stressful life situations and help couples have better performance in these situations. The present study was conducted to determine the role of cognitive belief, fusion and distortion in predicting the general health of couples.Methods: Descriptive research method was used in this study. Population of the study included all couples in the city of Ardabil in 2016. Three hundred and eighty individuals (190 couples) were selected from parks and other public places through available sampling and the use of Krejcie and Morgan table. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression analysis.Results: The results of this study showed a significant relationship between meta-cognitive beliefs (r=0.47, p<0.05), cognitive fusion (r= 0.33, p<0.05) and cognitive distortion (r=0.28, p<0.05) with general health. Beta coefficients for predictor variables indicated that metacognitive belief (b=0.34), cognitive fusion (b=0.28) and cognitive distortion (b=0.21) can predict the general health of couples (p<0.05).Conclusion: From the results, it can be concluded that couples with higher levels of meta-cognitive beliefs, cognitive fusion and cognitive distortion had lower general health.

Introduction: Diabetes is a complex disease that affects the quality of patient’s life. Numerous studies have shown that quality of life in the people with diabetes is less than in people without diabetes, but, less research are discussed about the relationship between the quality of life and glycemic control. This study aimed to evaluate the health-related quality of life and its relationship with glycemic control in people with type 2 diabetes.Methods: Cross-sectional research (descriptive - analysis) is used in this study, which included 250 patients with type 2 diabetes in rural health centers.Demographic variables and data were collected via a standard SF-36 questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the descriptive statistics and independent t-test, ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient by SPSS v.21 software.Results: Average Total score of the quality of life of the participants was 58.32±19.62 and men had higher scores than women in all aspects of quality of life. There was no significant relationship among the dimensions of physical, mental, and the quality of life with HbA1C. However, there was a significant relationship between education level and marital status, quality of life and its dimensions (p>0.05).Conclusion: According to the results of the study, the patients had undesirable situation in the dimensions of physical, mental, and the quality of life, therefore it is recommended that authorities design special planning due to nursing measures in order to prevent or control the side effects as well as consider the programs providing consulting services, improvement of medical and health services, increased social participation and programs that promote the quality of patients’ life.

Introduction: Mobile personal health is a rapidly growing area of health information technology. Mobile personal health users are able to manage their own health data and communicate with doctors in order to improve healthcare quality and efficiency. In recent years, information and communication technologies improvements, along with mobile Internet, offering anywhere and anytime connectivity, play a key role on modern healthcare solutions. Moreover, data on genetic diseases are no exception to this set of data. Therefore, appropriate algorithm and methods of data analysis should be designed.Methods: The main objective of this research is to investigate the effective factors on more efficiency of medical data. In this article, in addition to analyzing and evaluating the best data mining algorithms used in the medical field, a new combined approach has been provided in order to predict the risk of transmitting genetic diseases. A questionnaire was developed for this task, based on the rigorous study of scientific literature concerning pregnancy and applications available on the market, with 12 data items. The data items contain calendars, genetic diseases and cardiovascular diseases information, health habits, counters, diaries, mobile features, security, backup, configuration and architectural design.Results: Health telematics is a growing issue that is becoming a major improvement on patient lives, especially in elderly, disabled, and chronically ill.The results of the patients clustering were obtained using the risk of transmitting genetic diseases and according to the criteria of similarity in the ways of transmission as well as using a decision tree to predict whether the individual with the related characteristics has the likelihood to transmit the disease or not.300 participants were recruited, 92% routinely used and 91% owned a mobile phone.99% were willing to receive mobile health (m-health) advice, and 79% favored mobile medication reminders.65.2% would send home recorded information on their blood pressure, weight, medication use and lifestyle to a doctor.81.9% trusted the confidentiality of m-health data, while 77.1% had no concerns about the privacy of their information.Conclusion: M-health system proposes healthcare delivery anytime and anywhere, overcoming geographical, temporal, and even organizational barriers with low and affordable costs. This study reviewed the state-of-the-art on mhealth system and technologies.

Introduction: Lack of knowledge and low levels of information related to various issues of pregnancy among women can create problems and increase medical interventions. This study aimed to identity information needs of pregnant women referred to health centers in Behshahr city during 2016-2017.Methods: The method utilized in this study is the Applied and Descriptive method. Statistical populations of this study include 188 pregnant women referred to all health centers of Behshahr city during 2016-2017. Data collection was done using a self-questionnaire and its validity and reliability was ascertained by a specialist and Chronbach Alpha method. Descriptive statistics, statistical test and SPSS software (version 17) were used for data analysis.Results: Findings show that "information about the health of embryo" is the most important information need among pregnant people. Also women say that "Gynecologists" and "Specialist" are the most important resources of access to information, although there are other significant sources such as telegram networks, social media and mobile phones.. In addition, meaningful differences have been seen between some "Information needs" and "resources of access to information" based on pregnant demographic factors".Conclusion: Pregnant women require diverse sources of information during the term of their pregnancy.. The importance of this information is reported to be high but specialists and managers of health systems can be effective providing in health knowledge and literacy for pregnant women by planning, making policy and regular trainings and educations.

Introduction: Addiction is one of the major crises in the world which has many victims and imposes serious damage on the family and society, especially among children who are the most vulnerable social stratum. The aim of this study was to determine the possible causes of drug addiction among children in Kerman.Methods: This case-control study was conducted as a qualitative study. Ninety children aged 6 to 16 years were enrolled. The case group included 30 addicted children supported by the Welfare Organization. The control group included two groups of 30 children, one selected from the Welfare Organization and the other from across the city. All participants were male and groups were matched for age. Then, the probable causes of addiction were compared between these two groups. Data were analyzed by using SPSS22 and by chi-square tests and logistic regression.Results: The mean age of children was 10.8±2.4 in the case group, 11.4±1.8 in the park control and 12.8±1.5 in the welfare center control group. All participants were male. The results revealed that there were significant statistical differences between the addicted and non-addicted children in regard to parent’s religious beliefs, parent imprisonment, history of addiction in families, visiting the park alone and parental employment.Conclusion: Strengthening religious beliefs of parents, teaching life skills to children and their parents, parental control on children, tracking and monitoring the peers; and promoting collaborations between the policymakers, the Welfare Organization, the Municipality, the Universities of Medical Sciences and the Police Force can help to reduce and control addiction among children.

Introduction: Injuries have always been among the main factors threatening human life and health, and children are one of the vulnerable population groups in this field. The aim of this study is to survey incident and examine the distribution of injuries in children up to 59 months oldin Kermanshah Province in 2015.Methods: This survey is a cross-sectional study, gathering its data from Health Vice-presidency of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences. It covers all the injured whose reason of injury was referring to private and public hospitals under the supervision of Health Vice-presidency of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, during 2015. Data was collected from the injury software package of Ministry of Health. All registered individuals in this software were included in the study. In addition, all the injuries, including electric shock, road traffic accidents, animal attacks, violence, fall, burn, hit, scorpion and snake sting, drowning, poisoning were entered in our research.Results: The number of injuries in children was 3499 cases: 2216 (63.3%) boys and 1283 (36.7%) girls. Incidence of injuries was 23.3 cases per 1000 children aged 0-59 months old. The highest frequency of injuries was in children aged 0 to 11 months (42%) and majority of them occurred at home (58.5%). Most of the injuries were in summer (especially in September). The most common causes of injuries included fall (52.7%), road traffic injuries (29.6%), and poisoning (14.1%).Conclusion: In the present study, the most frequent injury was falling at home. It is important to make the home a safe environment for children.

Background In the United States (US), there are 19 million new sexually transmitted disease (STD) infections each year. Untreated STDs can lead to serious long-term adverse health consequences, especially for young women. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that undiagnosed and untreated STDs cause at least 24, 000 women in the US each year to become infertile. This clearly is a public health issue of great concern for young women.Methods The current cross-sectional study included a community sample consisting of 343 female participants (50% African Americans, 50% Puerto Ricans) at their mean age of 39 years. Regression analyses were conducted to examine the associations of time-varying factors within-person (e.g., substance use) and fixed effects factors between-persons (e.g., race/ethnicity) with the number of male sexual partners.Results: Alcohol use (b=0.14, p<0.01), cannabis use (b=1.10, p<0.01), marital status – unmarried (b=-0.16, p<0.05), and race/ethnicity – African American (b=-0.20, p<0.01) were significantly related to having a higher number of male sex partners in the past year.Conclusions: From a public health perspective, treatment and prevention programs for sexual risk behavior focused on substance use as well as socio-cultural factors (i.e., marital status, race/ethnicity) may be more effective than programs focused only on substance use.