Journal of Medical Council of Iran
Year:2016 | Volume:34 | Issue:2|Papers Count:9

Introduction: Dental students are high risks persons in exposing to hepatitis B infection. Dental students knowledge and attitude about hepatitis B infection is necessary for assessment the educational evaluation and supervision of dental treatments.The aim was to survey the knowledge and attitude in the final year students of dental schools in Tehran regarding hepatitis B infection control and its related risk factors, 2013-14.Methods: The study was descriptive- analytical with cross sectional method. 207 dental students of undergraduate and postgraduate from dental schools of Tehran were enrolled in the study. Sampling method was ordinal. Data were collected by self-made questionnaire comprising 10 and 24 question about knowledge and attitudes of hepatitis B infection, respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistical tests.Results: Respecting to the attitude, the difference between genders (p=0.244), universities (p=1.62) and existence a physicians in the family (p=0.22) was not significant. The difference between academic levels (p=0.012) was significant. Respecting to the knowledge, the difference between genders (p=0.815), universities (p=0.16) and existence a physicians in the family (p=0.942) was not significant. The difference between academic levels (p=0.06) was significant. No significant relationship between knowledge and attitude scores was obtained (p=0.684).Conclusion: The knowledge and attitude of dental students from Tehran universities regarding hepatitis B infection and its related risk factors in undergraduates is lesser than post graduates students. This finding indicate the importance of more practical education on hepatitis B infection control in undergraduate students.

Introduction: Pilonidal sinus is a common disease in sacrococcygeal area, which mostly caught young people and cause disability, which needs complete rest at home and taking off from work. Although the surgical treatment of this problem goes back to the last century, still optimal treatment is a controversy. Recent studies have raised different surgical approaches, so that there is no general agreement for the surgical technique. The only agreement in regards to the treatment of pilonidal sinus abscess is incision and drainage.Methods: This prospective study was performed on 96 patients. Patients were divided to two groups. Group A was treated with surgery and primary repair and group B was treated with surgery and secondary repair. Patients in both groups were followed up one year after surgery.Results: The patients in group A were treated with primary repair using local flap and the patients in group B were treated with open wound. Recurrence didn’t occur in either group. Infection occurred in 9 patients in group A and 7 patient in group B, which all were controlled locally. In 7 patients open wound slightly occurred, which was controlled locally.Conclusion: Indicators such as duration of complete remission, walk without pain, sitting without discomfort and time returning to work were used, which all were better and faster in group A.

Introduction: Whole Body Vibration Training (WBVT) is a new method with a beneficial effect on neuromuscular responses.Methods: The study is a single blinded randomized clinical trial on forty five patients with osteoarthritis of the knee that were randomly divided into three groups: WBVT (n=12) receiving 12 sessions vibration therapy, practice at home (n=13) doing two exercise (Quadriceps Setting and SLR) in the house as taught by the physician and placebo (n=12) doing exercise like WBVT on off vibration therapy system. Pain (VAS), knee range of motion (Goniometry) and physical function (Six Minute Walk Test and Timed Up & Go) were evaluated in the study. Paired- samples t test and ANOVA were used to analyze the findings (P£0. 05).Results: Pain, knee range of motion and Timed Up & Go Test showed significant differences in all groups before and after the intervention (P£0.05).It is worth noting that the intensity of pain in practice at home group was 6.08±1.06 at pre-intervention phase which decreased to 5.16±1.51 at post-intervention; pain intensity in the placebo group was 5.61±1.60 pre intervention which declined to 4.75±1.60 post-intervention; pain intensity in WBVT group was 6.13±2.04 pre-intervention that decreased to 2.04±1.35 at post -intervention phase. But the results of the 6-minute walk test showed significant difference only in WBVT between the pre- and post-intervention. Also, Tukey-LSD revealed significant differences between practice at home & WBVT (P=0.009) and placebo & WBVT groups in reducing pain, Bur there were no significant differences in the other parameters.Conclusion: Based on our findings, it can cocluded that WBVT could be used as a new approach in rehabilitation of patients suffering from knee osteoarthritis to reduce pain, increase range of motion and improve functional activities especially in the patients who are not able to do exercise.

Introduction: Pentavalent vaccine is used routinely in Iran immunization schedule. Hence this study was performed to determine the prevalence rate of side effects due to pentavalent vaccine.Methods: In this observational study that was performed as a cross-sectional descriptive survey, 676 consecutive children attending to health-care centers supervised by Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (including Khajeh-Nezam, Imam-Hassan, Kadoos, Absard, and Hazrat-e-Mohammad) who received Pentavalent vaccine were enrolled and the prevalence rate and type of early side effects of Pentavalent vaccine among them was determined.Results: The results demonstrated that side effects were present in more than 70% of children. The most common side effects were fever (71.2%), pain (52.5%), restlessness (17.8%), and induration (12.3%). The gender and background disease were not related to adverse effects (P>0.05); but the lower educational level in mother and higher educational level in father were significantly related to fever and pain, respectively (P=0.001).Conclusion: Totally, according to the obtained results in this study, it may be concluded that nearly seven out of ten children who receive the pentavalent vaccine injection would experience some side effects.

Introduction: organizational climate have significant impact on performance and responsiveness is indicators of performance, especially hospitals. The relationship between these two factors can lead to the improvement of health system responsiveness, which is aim of the World Health Organization.Methods: A descriptive- analytical study with sampling were performed at Namazi and Faghihi hospitals of Shiraz in 2013-2014. 360 accountability and organizational climate questionnaire was completed by patients and staff and Pearson correlation coefficient test and t-test, chi squre by SPSS 21 was used for data analysis.Results: The scores of organizational climate in Faghihi hospitals was (10.15±62.53) and Namazi hospital was (11.47±62.13) that higher than the standard score (60). The relationship between organizational climate and its dimensions indicated that in Namazi hospital category of "clarity of purpose" with gender (male, female) (13, 13.32, p=0.01) significant and in Faghihi hospital "Satisfaction from rewards" with gender (13.8, 12.8, p=0.01) had a significant relationship. Category of "Satisfaction from rewards" with responsiveness in Namazi hospital was significant (p=0.02, r=0.14). And organizational climate with responsiveness had no significant relationship in Namazi hospiatal (p=0.17, r=0.14). In Faghihi hospital category of "Satisfaction from rewards" (p<0.001, r=0.85) and organizational climate with responsiveness (p=0.03, r=0.22) had a significant relationship.Conclusion: Both hospitals was average in organizational climate score. The organization climate in Faghihi hospital was favorable than Namazi hospital and From perspective of hospital staff, organization performance in relation to the objectives, communications and reward can be improve. It suggests that committee be formed to allocate resources to improve responsiveness , rewards and incentives organizational climate measures to be taken.

Introduction: Thromboembolic events are one of the major challenging complications following the total joint arthroplasty. Low molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) is used prevalently agent for thromboprophylaxis. The clexane is a well known brand of LMWH used all over the world including Iran. Recently, LMWH has been produced in Iran called enoxan. In current randomized study, we compared the efficacy of these two brands of LMWH in thromboprophylaxis after hip and knee arthroplasty.Materials and methods: Between March to August 2014, there were 60 patients with primary hip or knee osteoarthritis underwent total joint arthroplasty in Akhtar hospital. The patients assigned randomly to one of the groups: enoxan and clexane. The agent was administered for 14 days after hip arthroplasty and 21 days after knee arthroplasty (40 mg daily). The patients suspected for deep venous thrombosis were examined using doppler ultrasound. The patients were followed for three months. Finally, the data were compared between two groups.Results: There was no patient with thromboembolic events. Also, none of the patients developed surgical site hematoma.Conclusion: Enoxan is an efficient and safe agent for thromboprophylaxis after hip and knee arthroplasty. Since enoxan is produced in Iran, thromboprophylaxis using this agent can be associated with substantial cost benefit. However, more large studies are required to confirm the efficacy and safety of enoxan.

Participation is to increase people's awareness and such these programs have brought success for Iranian society. For example, the mobilization of the global Polio eradication, healthy city project, healthy village project, mobilization of rural sanitation projects and health project. In this regard the partnership program has been successful experience of health volunteers, and provide a bridge between health worker and the public.The research shows positive impact of volunteers of health plans, and that shows the volunteers are trying to reach those major goals that have impact on individual health, family and social lives. Volunteers can make long-term impact on society, regardly their comprehension of attitude and beliefs. So health issues should not underestimate they because they have high penetration rate. But may in some cases interrupt their cooperation for some reasons. By considering the fact that volunteers might be discouraging and this causes disconnecting of their relationship.