JOURNAL OF HISTORICAL RESEARCHES OF IRAN AND ISLAM
Year:2020 | Volume:13 | Issue:25|Papers Count:12

The battle of Harra Waqim is regarded as a unique incident which needs acknowledgment of its different aspects and its identity in order to achieve a true understanding of this incident and its relevance to Shi'ite thoughts. However this incident must be analyzed according to fundamental elements and benchmarks. Then we will be able to represent the most probable true image of the incident of Harra and its relevance to Shi'ite uprisings. Therefore, the reports on this uprising will be analyzed so that we will achieve information on different aspects of the battle. Then after examination of terminology of Harra the place and time of this incident will be explained. In addition the reasons behind the battle of Harra and different attitudes toward it will be analyzed. Afterwards, the incident is represented by means of the most probable authentic narrations which are chosen through verifying reliability of historical reports method. Moreover, the verifying elements of credibility of Shi'ite uprisings are explained and then the incident of Harra is analyzed based on them. The present paper has applied a descriptive – analytical approach and the subject is analyzed within the framework of library study. According to the present paper, it is proved that the incident of Harra is not regarded as a pure Shi'ite uprising, although the role of the battle of Karbala is inevitable on Harra incident. However credibility of Harra incident is on the verge of acceptance as a Shi'ite uprising, according to other Shi'ite uprisings. Also religious motives were more underlined comparing to social motives of this incident, consequently Umayyad dynasty declined in Hijaz after this battle. It was also regarded as a disaster for the people of Medina and opponents of Ahl al-Bayt managed to exploit the situation and publicized an unholy image for Imam Sajjad (PBUH) among people.

Some of region in duration history for special geographical position or to reason vicinity in edge big city and or natural agents and unnatural lose own important and Forget inchmeal. As if that Only residual name of they in sources ancient. Even nowadays also exist some cities or region geographical who as yet not determined geographical position and situation that and among that may allude to Dahestā n. Several stair allud to Dahestā n in sources ancient among contexts Grecian and inscriptions sassanian era. Even name Dahestā n incoming in some sources Islamic period. But nowadays incognizan Dahestā n except historians, recognizers and instructive Iran culture. of course they cant too determined confine Dahestā n geographical. As if Shafiei Kadkani this case confession after vast researches. But sound by new search and quest in sources ancient, should know Dahestā n in vicinity new-fashioned shahrod. However, by using historical methodology and by predication and historical evidences, in this research it has been tried to examine geographical position Dahestā n in befor Islam shell out and with attention to sources that period, definition position present Dahestā n.

Safavid period travel books, along with the reflection of various dimensions and aspects of the social-political life of Iran in the Safavid era, give a significant and distinct narrative of how to exercise political power during Shah Abbas's period, which includes elements Can be tangible. The narrative of the travel writer writes that the centralization of the king in a shah-based political system, along with the weakening of other powers of power, can be used to present a priori approach to a distinct experience of politics Transformation and exercise of political power and mobilize existing forces in order to achieve the desired goals. . Also, the analysis of the content of the narrations of travel writers shows that Shah Abbas's pattern on the path of power, which is a mixture of religious, political and economic actions, roots in the previous traditions of politics and exercising power in Iran, as well as in itself, had some new demands that were the result of deep changes in the international system. Therefore, in this research, the present paper seeks to develop a descriptive-analytical method first of all in the structure of power and politics in the Safavid period, and then, by analyzing the content of the logbooks of this period, a proper explanation of the rotation of politics and power during the period Shah Abbas will be lost.

Guilan always had attracted researchers attention as one of the most important areas of constitutional in Iran. In this research is the main objective of the recognition economic problems of the urban and rural community of Guilan along the constitutional revolution. Therefore, the main problem of the research is that the situation and economic situation of the Guilan society have had an impact on the formation of the constitutional movement (between 1290 and 1327 AH). in this research, descriptive and analytical method, the main problem of the research is studied and explained. research achievement was show, the causes of the formation constitutional movement in the Guilan were internal, more than they were influenced by external factors and related to the livelihood of the population and the economic and social interests of the people of Guilan. Establishing justice, improving livelihoods and economic conditions, eliminating the oppression of state rulers and regional owners and preventing the aggression of the Russians were among the most important demands of the people of Guilan on the eve of the constitution movement which had economic roots and eventually led to the formation of constitution movement in Guilan.

Southeastern borders of Iran have always been one of the most striking frontiers due to its specific geographical and political features. The competition of the French, Russian and British governments over India prompted the British to seize access to India by separating Afghanistan from Iran as a buffer zone. The Goldsmid and Colonel Holdich Agreement was a turning point in the formation of southeastern frontiers, a government that did not have the power to resist British politics formed the joint committees of the Goldsmith and Colonel Heldich which resulted in thedelination of the borderwhich resulted in the division of sections of Balochistan. This paper is a descriptive-analytical one, relying on library sources, documents, and studies and with a historical-political approach to answer the question that the role of the British Government in the formation and development of Iranian borders played an important role in the southeast side. This paper by using descriptive-analytical methods, relying on documents and library resources with a historical-political approach to answer this question that what is the effective role of the British Government in the formation and development Iranian southeastern borders? The findings of the study shows that the Iranian authoroties ignorance of the legal implications of international political boundaries and the weak political and military structure of Iranian governments after Nader Shah.

The review and revising of the Barmaki's construction-infrastructure policies from the environmental point of view and the importance of this concept to the prominent personalities of this Iranian family is the main objective of this study. Although the presentation of a coherent historical explanation of Bermakan's awareness of the concept of environmental protection is difficult, but an attitude to their construction-structural measures and activities indicates the importance of this concept to them. The question of this research is, what are the most important beliefs and cultures in the focus of attention on the environment, and which perspectives have affected the attitude of the Barmak dynasty to the environment? In response to the above question, it has been assumed that the developmental, economic, and cultural approaches adopted by the Barmaki family have a source and source of environment that can be viewed in two dimensions of Iranian-Islamic culture. And the atmosphere. Accordingly, the achievements of this research show that on the one hand, Barmakian, as the first influential Iranian families in the court of Abbasid caliphate, considered the patterns of environmental attention from the ancient periods of Iran. On the other hand, they have reached the highest political positions in the most important political institutions of the Abbasid caliphate, as part of the Muslim family, from the point of view of jurisprudence from the point of view of the environment as well as its dimensions and aspects, as well as why and how They looked at it.

Bushehr is one of the famous and historical ports. it has an important place in economy politics history and sailing of Iran and Persian gulf. in duration of Afsharieh Zandieh Qajar and even initial Pahlavi Bushehr port was not the largest port in Sothern iran but also considered as the most important and famous ports of Persian gulf. Near about 20 consulates from different countriesare located in the region. In 19 th century economy of Bushehr was basedon Business and commercial sailing. In crease in Bushehr commercial sailing in 19 th century resulted in forming a powerful commercial societythere in a way that great businessmen and capital owners migrated from different parts of iran and resded in bushehr. Despite of this prominent historical place in second half of 20th century bushehr dropped behind and left its place to rivals. As the moment it is considerd as the second class ports in Persian gulf. this research aims at exploring historical obstacles in development of bushehrand consequently the key question would be as: what are the historical obstaclers in deveploment of busheh? The main hypothesis in this study is weakness and degeneration of bushehr commercial society along with some other factores which ended in bushehr decline part. Obviously other factores will be also be studied in this research. Results show that bushrhr development dependes on resolving historical obstacles.