THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF IRANIAN BLOOD TRANSFUSION ORGANIZATION (KHOON)
Year:2019 | Volume:16 | Issue:1|Papers Count:8

Background and Objectives: Lack of blood components requests base on the clinical guidelines are one of the common problems of blood centers that lead to inappropriate distribution of blood products, increases in costs, and blood product wastage. The purpose of this study was to assess tariff setting impact of blood and blood components on the rate of request for blood components in the hospitals of the center of Western Azarbayjan province. Materials and Methods: This study is a descriptive retrospective study. All hospitals in the city of Urmia were included. The number of requests and the distribution of blood, platelet and plasma products for the 2 years both prior and after the commencement of the tariff setting program were extracted. The return rate of blood components was also assessed during the same 2 years both prior and after the tariff setting program. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS22 Saftware. Results: The findings showed a drop of 0. 5% and 7. 6% in RBC request rate at the first and second year of the tariff setting program, respectively. The decreasing rates for platelet requests were 3. 9% and 10. 6% at the first and second year of the tariff setting program, respectively. FFP request rate showed a decrease of 7% in the first year and an increase of 9. 4% at the second year. Conclusions: The findings show the efficacy of the implementation of tariff setting in the reduction of blood and blood products´ requests by the hospitals of Urmia.

Background and Objectives: Blood components are an expensive resource. Therefore, there is a need to continuously monitor blood utilization and audit the transfusion practices to identify key areas of concern for blood usage. The aim of this study was to analyze the number of the requests for, transfusion and the wastage of blood and blood components based on the ratio of the number of cross-matched blood to transfusion (C/T) in Semnan hospitals. Materials and Methods: In this cross sectional descriptive study, a total of 6749 order forms for blood and blood components, which have been sent to the blood banks of Semnan hospitals within September 2015 to September 2016, were evaluated. The collected data from the blood banks were analyzed using SPSS 16 Software. The mean+SD of the numerical variables and the absolute and relative frequencies of the rasteh (categorical) variable according to the subgroups under study were reported. Results: In this study, out of 6749 blood order forms, 14296 units of blood products including red blood cells, FFP and platelet had been ordered. The total cross-match to transfusion ratios (C/T ratio) were 1. 37, 1. 77 and 1. 34 respectively in Amir, Cowsar and Shafa Hospitals with the RBC request rates forming 24. 9%, 58. 8%, and 16. 4% of the total requests in the same order. Conclusions: The results show that blood consumption in Semnan hospitals is appropriate as compared with the international standards. Blood utilization model in some wards like internal, ICU and emergency were not appropriate, indicating that a more effective guideline for blood order is required.

Background and Objectives: Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization, to maintain the health of blood donors and recipients, defines the eligibility criteria for conducting blood donation process without which blood donors are deferred. Previous studies have shown the necessity of deferral criteria for blood safety. This study showed that deferral of these volunteers has improved the health of blood donors; it has been determined based on the frequency of both positive confirmatory screening test results in blood donors on their return and temporary deferral rates especially due to high risk behaviors. Materials and Methods: The study was cross-sectional descriptive. Data collection was performed based on all the data of blood donation volunteers included in the NEGAREH software. The data were then analyzed by Chi-square and Excel software. Results: Out of 6, 877, 627 volunteers during 2012-2014, 1, 416, 791 volunteers were deferred from blood donation. The prevalence of infectious markers in blood donors was 0. 19% (10354 donations); the prevalence was 0. 018% in 2, 784, 593 donations of donors on return (493 donors); and for 465594 donations of deferrals it was 0. 209% (975 donors). The prevalence of infectious markers for donations on return was 0. 225% (211 donations) for risky behaviors and 0. 205% (764 donations) for the other deferred donors. Conclusions: It has been shown that the prevalence rate of the confirmed screening test results for Transfusion Transmitted Infections especially HBSAg is higher in repeat and regular donors once temporalily deferred (particularly for high risk behaviors) and returned for donation than those without the deferral record; it shows their deferral has been effective in improving blood safety.

Background and Objectives: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous cancer that is caused by various pathologic mechanisms. Cancer cells change the chemokine system. CCR5 receptor has an indirect effect on cancer progression by controlling immune response against the tumor. This receptor can accelerate tumor growth and play a significant role in tumor metastasis, and it has been shown that CCR5 antagonists inhibit tumor growth. In this study, we decided to investigate the CCR5 receptor in AML patients after the first stage chemotherapy. Materials and Methods This case-control study was conducted in Kerman University of Medical Sciences during 2017-2018. Twenty five AML patients with monocytic differentiation post the first stage of chemotherapy (the fourth week after chemotherapy), after being examined for the peripheral blood smear and confirmed for the absence of blast cells, were evaluated by flow cytometry for the expression of the CCR5 receptor on the peripheral blood leukocytes population and were compared with healthy controls. The data were analyzed by independent T-Test and SPSS (version 22). Results: The results of this study showed that the mean expression of CCR-5 in the patients group postchemotherapy (1. 04 ± 0. 26) was similar with the healthy control group (1. 04 ± 0. 16). Moreover, there was no meaningful difference between the two groups. Conclusions: Chemotherapy has caused the CCR5 receptor expression to be in its base state compared to the healthy control group. Other chemokine syndromes and their receptors could be examined to find out which role would play a significant role in the recurrence of patients.

Background and Objectives: The genome of cell lines is nowadays edited to create disease models and treat them. Of course, the size of the cas9 gene has caused problems like the low efficiency of the CRISPR system. To solve this problem, Cas9 expressing cell lines have been generated in which CRISPR RNA should only be transfected to the cell. Materials and Methods: This article is experimental. PGK-PURO / CMV (PPC) fragment was amplified with PCR from pAAVS1-puro-DNR vector and cloned in pTG19-T vector. The PPC fragment from this vector was removed by KpnI and EcoRI enzymes. Also the pCas-Guide-AAVS1 vector was subjected to the same enzymatic cutting and its attachment to the PPC fragment resulted in the production of the pPPC-Cas vector. After optimizing the electroporation conditions, the pPPC-Cas vector was electroporated into K562 cells and puromycin-resistant cells were selected and Cas9 expression level was evaluated by Real-time PCR. Results: A PCR fragment of 2514 bp was amplified. The vector pPPC-Cas was cloned in two steps. puromycin-resistant transfected cells were selected. Clonal selection was carried out and three colonies with high, medium and low expression level of Cas9 were isolated. Conclusions: The Cas9-expressing K562 cells derived in this study can be applied both for functional genomic researches and design cellular models of human diseases in future.

Background and Objectives: Arsenic trioxide has anti-cancer effects on a wide range of cancers, mainly by inducing apoptosis in cancerous cells. Thalidomide is an inhibitor of angiogenesis. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the combined effect of arsenic trioxide and thalidomide on the expression level of VEGF A gene. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, MTT test was used to investigate the effect of arsenic trioxide and thalidomide both in isolation as combined on cell viability of KG-1 and U937 cells at different times and different doses. Cell apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry. The level of mRNA expression of VEGF A gene was assessed by Real Time PCR. Student-t, ANOVA and SPSS-17 software were used for data analysis. Results: The selective doses of arsenic trioxide in the KG-1 and U937 cell lines were 1. 618 μ M and 1 μ M, respectively. The selective doses of thalidomide in the KG-1 and U937 cell lines were 80 μ M and 60 μ M, respectively. Combination of arsenic trioxide and thalidomide had a significant effect on both cell lines. On the other hand, the expression of the VEGF A gene significantly decreased. Conclusions: The present study showed that the expression of VEGF A gene in 1-KG and U937 cell lines decreased and the combination effect of arsenic trioxide and thalidomide on the cells induced apoptosis. To confirm these results further investigation is required on the protein level.

Background and Objectives: Post-partum is one of the common causes of maternal mortality. Massive obstetrics hemorrhage may occur due to several etiologies such as Placenta Accreta. Massive transfusion protocols for obstetrics can reduce mortality and morbidity rate. Case: A 28 year old patient who was an elective candidate for second cesarean without any particular disease was under spinal anesthesia and gave birth to a healthy baby. But after 25 minutes from the onset of the operation, the patient suffered from a marked drop in blood pressure and decrease in consciousness. Due to hemorrhage shock od an estimated blood loss of nearly 3500cc, she was intubated and prescribed isotonic and hypertonic fluids, colloids and blood components. Her diagnosis was placentra accreta and to control hemorrhage, hysterectomy was done. Conclusions: Preoperative suspension for Placenta Accreta abnormalities should alert the anesthesia provider to potential massive blood loss. Preoperative effective communication among all obstetric caregivers is imperative.