Iranian Journal of Forensic Medicine
Year:2020 | Volume:26 | Issue:1 (92)|Papers Count:8

Aims: Facing childhood trauma can have significant psychological and neurological effects on the individual and can lead to many psychological disorders. When people face with a problem that it is associated with their childhood memories choose ineffective coping strategies, such as suicide, which have many unfortunate consequences. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to investigate the suicidal thoughts and behaviors among women victims of domestic violence with an emphasis on the role of childhood trauma. Materials & Methods In this descriptive-correlational study, 100 women victims of domestic violence referred to social emergency in Azarshahr in 2020 were selected by purposive sampling method. Childhood trauma questionnaires (CTQ), Suicidal Behaviors QuestionnaireRevised (SBQ-R), Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSSI), and Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS-21) were used as research tools. The data were analyzed by SPSS 22 software using Pearson correlation test and multiple regression. Findings There was a positive significant correlation between suicidal behaviors and components of childhood trauma including emotional, sexual, physical abuse and emotional neglect (p<0. 01). Also emotional, sexual, physical abuse and emotional neglect explained 38% of variance of suicidal behaviors. Conclusion Women who have experienced trauma in childhood are more likely to choose suicide behaviors when facing life problems, especially domestic violence, and are prone to depression, anxiety and stress.

Aims Forensic Medicine Organization has an effective role in establishing the divine limits. There are several factors and indicators in the full implementation of the policy. Identifying these factors is especially important for implementation of the policy efficient. The aim of this study was to provide a model of factors related to the implementation of the country’ s forensic medicine policies based on the Islamic value system. Materials & Methods The present study is descriptive and correlational, which was performed by survey method. The statistical population of the study was 225 people of medical and nonmedical experts in Ardabil, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Tehran, Ilam, South Khorasan provinces who were selected by cluster sampling method. The research instruments were questionnaires of factors related to the implementation of the policy, the implementation of the policy and the Islamic value system. Data were analyzed using single-sample t-test, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equations. Article Type Original Research Authors Najibzadeh H. 1 PhD, Manzari Tavakoli A. * 2 PhD, Fatehi Rad N. 1 PhD, Kamali M. J. 1 PhD Findings There was a significant relationship between the factors related with the implementation rate of the Forensic Medicine Organization’ s policy, this relationship was of the incremental (direct) type. The components of the factors related to the implementation of the policies did not have the same rank; Dimensions of clear targeting and correct wording of the policy, support from legal authorities, behavioral and personality characteristics of the executives, expertise and skill of the executives, target groups and users and efficient administrative and bureaucratic system were at a level more than satisfactory, and selection of appropriate tools and resources was at a satisfactory level. Conclusion The model of factors related with the implementation of forensic medicine policies in the country based on the Islamic value system has a good fit.

Aims: Death information is an essential source of health system planning. The aim of the present study was to examine the documentation status of death certificates in surgical intensive care unit of selected teaching hospitals of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences and provide solutions to improve it. Instruments & Methods: This applied research was conducted by combining quantitative and qualitative methods in four stages. At first, the death certificate checklist was created by reviewing the relevant literature and its validity and reliability were assessed. The death certificates issued in the surgical intensive care unit of selected hospitals were then examined. In the third phase, Focus Group documentarians were asked to document the causes of the defect during the focus group sessions. Finally, the results of the steps of the findings were presented to a panel of experts to find the most appropriate solutions. Findings: 15 related articles out of 76 were recovered and thoroughly examined (19. 7%). The reasons for the error were the ambiguity of the physicians in the 19 cases of referral, low motivation, and low awareness of the necessity and manner of completing the death certificate. Strategies were evaluation and feedback to documentarians and development of general and specific guidelines for completing death certificates for different departments based on the frequency of absurd diagnoses in the form of workshop. Conclusion: Documentation status of death certificates in surgical intensive care unit of selected hospitals is not desirable. Applying the strategies of this study can lead to a reduction in ineffective referral to forensic medicine and more accurate completion of the death certificate in areas such as surgical intensive care unit of hospitals, and the possibility of providing accurate and complete statistics for better policy-making in the health system.

Aims: The mental illness of convict is one of challenging issues in criminal law. The criminal policy of Iran has ignored this issue and the consequence is that the notion of insanity in sentencing regulations is placed along with some of the mental illnesses which causes the suspension or delay of the punishment. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the comments of the Commission of the General Directorate of Forensic Medicine of Hamadan regarding mental disorders and its effect on tolerating the punishment of the perpetrator within a specified period of time. Instruments & Methods: The present research method is descriptive-analytical. The first information was collected from the library method and then, field research was conducted by examining 70 cases referred to the Psychiatric Commission of the General Directorate of Forensic Medicine of Hamadan in the period of 2017-2019 and interviewing specialists. Findings: Among the 70 cases examined, in 15 cases (21. 4%) the presence or absence of insanity during the committing crime and in 55 cases (78. 6%) in the punishment stage were mentioned. Of those 55, 54 people (98. 2%) were sentenced to imprisonment and one (1. 8%) was sentenced to flogging in addition to imprisonment and condemnation of other types of punishment was not observed. Conclusion: Despite the criminal laws reference to insanity in the post-trial period, the term does not apply to convicted offenders, and according to experts, mental illness in general leads to impunity when it is feared that punishment slows the healing process, exacerbates the symptoms of the disease, or Injury to a person convicted of himself or others.

Aims The increase in divorce rate in Iranian society in recent years has created many social concerns. Identifying the factors affecting divorce can play an important role in preventing its occurrence due to the very negative consequences of social problems. Domestic violence against women seems to be one of the main reasons for divorce. Therefore, this study was conducted with the general purpose of investigating the prevalence and type of violence in women seeking divorce referred to Boyer-Ahmad forensic medicine Organization. Instruments & Methods In this descriptive-analytical study 206 women seeking divorce referred to the forensic medicine organization of Boyer-Ahmad County in July 2017 to February 2018 by convenience sampling method entered to the study. The research tools included questionnaires of domestic violence, interferation of others and demographic characteristics. The collected data were statistically analyzed using SPSS 19 software and Pearson correlation test. Findings Domestic violence with the mean score of 3. 19± 6. 30 was in the moderate level. The highest mean was the variable of psychological violence and the lowest mean was the variable of sexual violence. There was a significant correlation between the variables of learning of violence, suspicion and betrayal and interferation of others with domestic violence and its types. Conclusion Domestic violence among women seeking divorce referred to the Boyer-Ahmad County Forensic Medicine Organization is moderate and their psychological violence is high.

Aims: Due to the importance of child abuse and its physical and psychological consequences, this study was conducted to investigate child abuse cases referred to forensic medicine centers in Mazandaran province and the challenges of recording child abuse cases in forensic medicine files. Instruments & Methods: This present cross-sectional descriptive retrospective study was carried out on all of the referred cases of child abuse to the forensics centers of Mazandaran province in 2015 and 2016. Data were gathered using a researcher-made questionnaire included age and gender, the referring center, companion, harasser and the time of the assault, type of injury, time of occurrence, reason for the occurrence and the injured organ with a reliability coefficient of 98%. Findings: The mean age of the children was almost 8 years old and the number of girls and boys was almost equal. Most of the injuries were made during the past 2 to 5 days and caused by getting hit with a hard object. The most injuries were respectively bruises, scratches and burns. The most involved organs were respectively the upper limbs, face, the lower limbs, the trunk, and the head and neck. Most of the bruises and swells were on the face, head, and neck, most of the scratches and burns were on the upper limbs and most of the pain was in the trunk. Conclusion: The observed physical injuries were mostly consistent with the proven patterns of child abuse. Considering the flaws in recording the information, it is necessary to develop and apply standard forms using international protocols.

Introduction: One of the phenomena related to the development of medical knowledge is the issue of gender reassignment of transgender people (Ts), which after the Islamic Revolution in Iran with a broad interpretation of jurisprudence proposed by Imam Khomeini who oversees bisexuality (or what is sometimes called neutral) has been used to refer to sex reassignment surgery and the creation of artificial or imperfect penises that cannot be reproduced. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explain the possibility of adoption of derelict children by transgender people who have a history of psycho-behavioral disorders; especially since the law is silent. The method of present study was descriptive-analytical and the method of collecting information was based on the study of the library of documents and receipts, as well as obtaining interviews and inquiries. Conclusion: According to legal and jurisprudential arguments, the theory of the General Legal Department of the Judiciary and the principle of expediency of Iran and the Convention on the Rights of the Child, giving adoption of derelict children to transgender people is not allowed, whether before or after gender reassignment surgery, and this is contrary to the principle of expediency and the principle of caution, because with gender reassignment, people with sexual identity (transgender) disorder have primary creation. They have not changed, and only physical appearances have changed with surgery, and their genomes have been and will be the first sex, and they will experience or have a collection of mental and behavioral disorders, while children's right is having a family free of psychological and gender problems.

Introduction: One of the cases of intentional crimes in the Islamic Penal Code is typically lethal behavior which the exact criteria have not been explained for its identification. Failure to provide identification criteria in practice has led judges to try to use the views of forensic experts to assess the perpetrator's behavior, as the case may be. Despite the efforts made, we have in some cases been confronted with different opinions and perceptions and subsequently with the issuance of some dissenting opinions in the courts. Therefore the aim of this study was to investigate the dimentions of typically lethal behavior and explanation of effective components in its identification and the position of forensic medicine expert in this field. The present review study is a descriptive study conducted through the library study of some legal and medical sources, especially the branch of forensic medicine and important notes were taken and a number of cases referred to forensic medicine were examined. Conclusion: The two main components that are the main focus of forensic medical expertise in this field are the sensitivity of the site of impact and the characteristics of the injury. Determining typically lethal behavior is a matter for the judiciary. Therefore, forensic experts cannot be legally required to specify phrases such as "typically lethal behavior. Comments of forensic experts on the lethality of injuries is as Special custom. The judge must finally makes decision according to customary standards regarding the typically lethal behavior, and issue an appropriate sentence verdict based on legal conditions and other requirements such as knowledge, awareness and attention of the offender to the typically lethal behavior.