Archives of Rehabilitation (Journal of Rehabilitation)
Year:2002 | Volume:2 | Issue:6-7|Papers Count:13

Child-abuse (physical, mental and sexual) is considered as one of the important problems faced by persons specialized in behavioral Sciences and Forensic Medicine, physicians and pediatricians. This cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the status of physical child-abuse in Tehran. Forty-five pediatric residents, trained for this purpose, conducted this ten-day study in three teaching hospitals (Children’s Medical Center, Bahrami Hospital, Hazrat Ali-Asghar Hospital). A questionnaire on physical child-abuse, designed and proposed by the WHO, was completed for 3019 children(male=1578, 52.3%; female =1441, 47.7%) less than 18 years of age, who attended the emergency department of the above hospitals. The children and their parents were interviewed and physical examination. was performed for the children. A total of 347 children (male =14.5%, female =9. 6%), which is 12.2% of the total number of children studied, were physically abused. Injuries were mostly present on the face, upper extremities, back and lower extremities, among which 12.8% of the cases were severe and 87.2% were moderate in intensity. Fathers and mothers were responsible for 51.2% and 34.1% of the cases of child~abuse respectively.Among the persons responsible for causing child-abuse, 34.1% had themselves been physically abused during their childhood period and 26.4% had physically abused children before. Hyperactivity, bed-wetting and an unwanted child were among the most common causes of child-abuse. Factors precipitating child-abuse included: large numbers of children in the family drug addiction of one of the family members, and acute or severe psychological stress during the past 6 months. Using the Chi-square test, a significant relationship (P value=0.001) was found to exist between physical child-abuse and demographic factors such as age, sex, site of residence, history of divorce or separation of the parents and history of physical abuse in the parents' childhood days.

This research was conducted in line with Consumerism viewpoint and its objective is to assess the satisfaction level of serivice receivers in 12 ,daily rehabilitatian Instituions of Tehran in order to improve service supply processes based . on the service receivers viewpoints, which can alti mattely provide suitable backgrounds for incorporating them into the service supply process. The sample society consists of 133 people of the service receivers who were selected through ranked random sampling. Because no studies of this field had been made previously, a viewpoint assessing Questionnaire was drawn up on a scale of 5 Likert degrees containing 92 questions and one repeatedly answered question, and its average of satisfaction mark (3.71) and variance deviation (0.297) was determined. By the way after the question lacking correlation had been omitted, the number of question decresed to 68.Analyses made by use of SPSS 7.5 Win and Excell Win software not only presented a high level of satisfaction in many fields, but also distinguished cases of dissatisfaction. The variable age, sex and level of education were not suggestive of and impact on the level of Satisfaction. By the way, the service receivers made suggestion on the modification and Improvement of the processes.

This study has screened 6150 infants between 4.18 months by Infanib Scoring. In this assessment infants divided to three group; Normal, Transient and Abnormal by 20 items that based on French angles, Reflexes, Tone and posture. The transient group were visited 1 month later and the abnormal group were refered to pediatric neurologist for diagnostic evaluation and to rehabilitation center for treatment. The Infanib was selected because of high validity and reliability in the previous studies, and in this study the results show that the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value is equal to 90%, 81%, 85% and 87%. Thus the Infanib is proposed as an appropriate screening test in the developing countries because of quantified, reliable meusurment of body tone and posture, short timefor examination, and the ability of occupational and physical therapist, nurses and physician to perform it.

The present research is an analytical- descriptive and cross t sectional study, which was done in February 2001. The ultimate goal , of this research is determining of depression prevalence and effective factores among boys of pre university level in kazeron city.In order to acheive the goal, 240 pre.university boys were selected through random classified sampling and the data gathered by questionnaires and zung depression scale. The result indicates that 42.9 percent of students suffered from depression. The rate of depression among the students is as follows: low depression 28.8%, medium depression 9.6% high depression 3.3%, profound depression 1.3%. The statistical test, such as x2 and x2 for trend have been used.The results showed that there is a significant relationship between depression and family financial status, parents relations, talking about problems with others, anxiety about joining to military services, anxiety for entring to university, treatment of teachers and principles and educational level of mothers. With respect to the above mentioned variables and using a logestic regression model the following results achieved: Four variables had increasing effect on depression incidence: family financial status, parents relations, talking about problems with others and anxiety about going to military duty. The advantage of the above model is not only to identify the effectivenees of the variables in depression but also by undrestanding of the students it is likely to prevent depression incidence.

This research studies the effects of vibration stimulation on agonist , muscle and electrical nerve stimulation of antagonist muscle used seperately and simultaneously on the MVC (Maxial Voluntary Contraction). 45 healthy subjects participated in the study, who they were divided into three groups. MVC obtained from lateral gastroqnemeus muscle.For the first group, the vibration (100 Hz. 0.8 mm) applied to the Achile tendon about 15 minutes. For the second group, electrical stimulation applied to the proneal nerve (also about 15 minutes) and for the third group, vibration and electrical stimulation applied simultaneously to the Achile tendon and proneal nerve respectively.The results of this study showed that MVC decreased after agonist vibration (p<0.005) while the results after electrical stimulation of antagonist muscle and after dual stimulation didn’t change significantly.We concluded that the vibration of agonist muscle decrease MVC more than the other two modalities.

Background and purpose: The hip fractures are the most frequent cause of raumatic eath after the age of 75 years, occuring more frequently in women that will make a negative impact of the patient’s life style. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the risk factors of the hip fractures in elderly hospitalized in centers of education and treament of kerman and rafsanjan cities , in 1998-2000.Methods and Materials: This study was a descriptive method of sampling, during 27 monthes (from19 April 1998 to 21 July 2000) in hospitalized patients of on hopaedic wards of aliabn abitaleb hospital of Rafsanjan and shahid bahonar hospital of kerman. 257 patient who were afflicted with hip fracture were evaluated by a question air weith 20 statements (risk factors of hip fractures) that was used to recorded informations about this study. This risk factors were including age, sex, type of fracture, osteoporosis milk consumption, muscle atrophy, environmental hazards, body mass index diseases, diabet previous fracture, smoking, antidepressant and anticonvnlsion drugs heart disease low mobility and activity, perception disorders, age of menopause, impaired visual and non use external hip protector (padding).Results: The results of this study showed that many of above risk factors were effective (>50%) than others These factors were including environmental hazards (81.7%), muscle atrophy (72.8%), previous fractures (511%),low mobility and activity (70.8%),low milk consumption(100%),low BMl (79.8%), osteoporosis (52.1%) and non use external hip protector (100%).Conclusion: The results of this study recommened that environmental hazards of elderly should be modified (e.g. well lighted staire case with secure hand rail) to prevent from falling. Excercise and faradic current prevent muscle atrophy and improve physical fitness, muscle strength, balance and coordintation. Treatment of impaired visual is important because risk of falling is decreased. Regular load-bearing excercise such as walking, adequate milk consumption and calcium intake prevent of osteoporosis so the risk of hip fracture is decrease The use of external hip protector (padding)is very important in elderly because energy from falling is absorbed so it can decrease probability of hip fracture.