Nursing And Midwifery Journal
Year:2019 | Volume:17 | Issue:5 (118)|Papers Count:8

Background & Aims: Changing lifestyle is one of the achievements of modernity that society, especially the urban community has suffered. One of the factors that indicates a change in lifestyle is a change in nutrition. An example of this is the prevalence of over-consumption of fast food among adolescents and young people. Therefore, this study was designed to study the state of consumption of fast food and its related factors among Urmia medical students. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional (descriptive-analytic) study was conducted on 299 students of Urmia University of Medical Sciences. Samples from university colleges were selected by stratified random sampling and were included in the study. To collect the data, a valid and reliable three-part questionnaire including socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge and attitude was used. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (independent t-test, Chi-square, one-way ANOVA, correlation and multiple linear regression) in SPSS-16 software. Results: The findings showed that the mean age in the whole was 22. 10 ± 4. 30 (22. 86 ± 4. 47 in female and 21. 84 ± 2. 50 in the female group). On average, the consumption of fast foods was 2. 7 times per month in students and this consumption was higher in boys than in girls (2. 97 ± 4. 8 in males and 2. 58 ± 3. 61 in females). The mean score of knowledge and attitude toward fast food consumption among students was 17. 71 ± 3. 80 and 190. 30 ± 43. 54, respectively. Based on the results of the study, knowledge, attitude and ethnicity of students in both univariate and regression analyzes were recognized as factors related to fast food consumption and these relationships were statistically significant (p <0. 05). Conclusion: This study revealed that students' knowledge and attitudes play an effective role in the adoption and non-adoption of the behavior of their fast food consumption. The design and implementation of nutrition education programs is recommended for students to raise knowledge and improve the attitude and beliefs about the use of fast food.

Background & Aims: Chronic renal failure is a progressive, irreversible kidney disorder that causes multiple complications and problems in these patients. One of the major complaints among hemodialysis patients that reported is fatigue. Today, due to side effects of drug treatments, treating patients has been turned with non-pharmacological methods such as traditional medicine and massage therapy. So the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of foot massage with almond oil on the severity of fatigue in hemodialysis patients. Materials & Methods: In this clinical trial, 60 hemodialysis patients who referred to teaching hospitals of Urmia in 2016 based on available sampling method was selected and randomly divided into two groups: control (n=30) and intervention (n=30). In the intervention group, foot massage with almond oil was conducted by researcher for two months and the control group were observed only. Data were collected using a questionnaire before and after intervention. Data was analyzed using Chi square test, independent t-test and paired t-test statistics and considered significant at p<. 0. 05 Results: Data analysis showed that the difference between the mean score of fatigue severity before the intervention in the control group was 5. 53± 1. 24 and in the intervention group was 6. 06± 0. 76 which there was no statistically significant difference between them (p> 0. 06), But after the intervention, the mean score of fatigue severity in the intervention group was 5. 51± 1. 17 compared to the control group, 4. 57± 1. 25 This decrease was statistically significant (p <0. 001). The mean fatigue score between the two groups before the intervention was not statistically significant (p=0/06), but after the intervention (massage) the severity of fatigue in the intervention group compared to the control group significantly reduced (p<0/001). Conclusion: The findings from this study showed that foot massage using almond oil is effective in reducing the severity of fatigue in hemodialysis patients, so the use of these methods to reduce of fatigue in hemodialysis patients is recommended in the dialysis centers.

Background and Aims: Nowadays, social networking sites are one of the most importing means to communicate in societies and worldwide. One psychological process that may underlie problematic social networking sites use is the Fear-Of-Missing-Out (FOMO). Therefore in the present study; we have studied and determined the relation between FOMO and the rate of using the social networking sites among the students in Urmia University of Medical Sciences in 2017. Material and methods: The design of the study was cross-sectional. The sample consisted of 200 Students of Uremia University of Medical Sciences who were selected quota randomly. The data collection tool was a three-part questionnaire. The first section includes demographic information as well as a question about the period of Internet using during a day, the second part was "FOMO" questionnaire and third part was PHQ-9 scale. Data analyzing was conducted software SPSS / 16. Results: There were positive correlation between social networking sites usage and fear of missing out and depression score (P<0. 03 and p<0. 001) respectively. The regression model showed that FOMO was as a predictive factor for social networking sites usage. Conclusion: Due to the relationship between fear of missing out and usage of social networking sites, improving the educational and cultural quality of university programs is recommended for the correctly and optimal usage of social networks sites among students.

Background & Aims: Prescribing routine Iron supplementation during pregnancy regardless of the maternal hemodynamic condition that may be accompanied with pregnancy and delivery complications. This study conducted to assessing the effect of iron supplementation in pregnant women with high hemoglobin on delivery type and newborn’ s Apgar score. Material & Methods: The randomized double-blind clinical trial performed on 140 healthy pregnant women, 18-35years old, normal BMI, nonsmoker, in the 14th-18th weeks of singleton pregnancy with Hb> 13. 2 g/dL and ferritin > 15 μ g/l. Mothers were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups from the 20th week of pregnancy, the experimental group received one ferrous sulfate tablet (50 mg) daily, while the control group received a placebo. Both of them were followed up to delivery and the type of birth and newborn’ s Apgar were evaluated and compared. Results: There was significant differences between the two groups in Hb (P = 0. 03) and ferritin (P=0. 04) levels after intervention, but the incidence of anemia exhibited no difference between them (P = 0. 1). In addition there was no different between the two groups in birth weight (P=0/2), but the incidence of cesarean section (P=0/01) and low birth Apgar score (less than 8) (P=0/02) in drug group more than other group. Conclusion: Iron supplementation increased the risk of cesarean section and low Apgar score in pregnant women with Hb concentrations greater than 13. 2 g/dl; therefore, it should be done with caution in pregnancy.

Background & Aims: Taking care of patients is a moral necessity. Caring behaviors includes actions and behaviors provided by nurses as physical, emotional, social, and spiritual & psychosocial cares for patients. In fact, it is assumed that feeling cared by patients is due to caring behaviors. Objective: Determining predictors of nursing care behaviors in critical care units. Material & Methods: The present study is a descriptive-analytical study in which all of 350nurses who were working in Icu′ s of Urmia city selected as sample. The questionnaire were consists of 3 parts including Demographic characteristics, Larsson Care Behavior Questionnaire (Q-Care) and Determinants Questionnaire of Care Behavior (DNCB). Data were analyzed by using Spss20 software at significance level of p<0/05. Results: From ICU nurses view of point, the most important dimensions of care behaviors were” accessibility” , “ explains” , “ monitors” . Based on Regression analysis, predictors of “ accessibility” were sense of job security, demand of the patient or system, predictors of “ explain” were age of the nurse, sense of responsibility, gender of the patient and predictors of “ monitors” were job experience, believe in the need to deliver quality care, feeling of being a valuable employee in the system, time allocated to direct care. Conclusion: The results of this research might be applied at different levels of nursing education and management. In order to improve quality of care, nursing managers and authorities just need to focus on predictors of each care dimension. This finally, of course decrease their expenditure and the time allocated for quality improvement projects.

Background & Aims: Violence against women is a universal phenomenon and has existed throughout all ages. This study aimed to clarify the dimensions of violence against pregnant women and its effective factors. Material & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 270 married women who were referred to Tehran medical and vaccination centers in April to June 2018. The research method was Survey and data gathering tool were a constructed questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 22 and statistical tests of Correlation coefficient, one way ANOVA and mean difference were used. Results: According to the results, 82. 8% of women experienced at least one type of violence during pregnancy. Financial violence has been the most common type of violence and physical violence with 29. 66% has the lowest prevalence. The results also indicate that with a significant level of 5%, the increase in women's (r = 14) and men's (r =-11) education is an effective factor in reducing physical, financial and social violence. In addition, as the men's place of birth ranges from small rural areas to major cities, the level of violence (except for the financial violence) has fallen (r =-22). Women with a rural or small township are more under violence, and with the increase in the level of cultural development of the place of residence, the amount of violence in the financial (r=171), physical (r=13) and social (r =-15) dimensions is reduced. Also, two variables of cultural attitudes that product (r=50) and prevent (r =-40) violence have had the highest relationship with the variable of violence index. In addition, the formation of cultural attitudes in women has a significant relationship with the variables of age, education, cultural development of the place of residence and place of birth, but there was no significant relationship between ethnicity of women and cultural attitudes that product and prevent violence. Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, increasing the level of education of women and men, cultural development of neighborhoods and improving cultural attitudes at the family level are factors that affecting violence against pregnant women.

Background & Aims: Hysterectomy means the removal of the uterus with or without cervix or ovaries (ovophorectomy). Today, for the treatment of many benign and malignant diseases, elective hysterectomy is performed. Hysterectomy is a heavy and invasive surgical technique that has serious side effects on female sexual characteristics and causes physical disorientation and other factors. It may also be a strong stimulant to stress and psychological problems in women. In this study, we investigated the effect of hysterectomy on the mental and sexual status of patients after surgery. Materials & Methods: Patients aged 30 to 55 years who underwent a non-malignant elective hysterectomy in 2017 and lived with their spouse, were not menopause and had no major stress or history of psychiatric problems in the 6 months before and after surgery were selected. The Beck and FSFI questionnaires were completed for patients 6 months after surgery. The demographic characteristics, the number of children, the age of the patients and their spouses, the cause of hysterectomy, the status of oophorectomy, and chronic abdominal pain were recorded and the statistical data were analyzed using SPSS (version 23). Results: Results showed a significant difference in Beck score between two groups of patients who underwent bilateral oophorectomy and the other group who had one or two ovaries preserved (p = 0. 002). Therefore, ovarian preservation was effective in reducing depression. For chronic abdominal pain 6 months after hysterectomy, significant differences existed between the patients with chronic abdominal pain and patients without abdominal pain (P = 0. 007). There was no significant difference between duration of hospitalization and depression (P = 0. 13). The results showed that there is a significant relationship between depression in housewives and working patients (P=0. 027). Concerning the age of the spouse, a positive relationship existed between the age of spouse and depression based on Beck score (P = 0. 001). Also, elective hysterectomy had no effect on depression (P = 0. 147). The mean FSFI preoperatively for patients was 21. 14 with a standard deviation of 10. 14 and a mean FSFI after surgery of 16. 42 with a standard deviation of 7. 8, indicating a decrease in depression. Paired t-test also showed a significant decrease in sexual function after hysterectomy (p <0. 05). Based on the results of FSFI, postoperative patients and their oophorectomy showed ovarian preservation and positive effect after surgery (P <0. 01). Conclusion: In the present study, the majority of patients were reported to be slightly depressed after hysterectomy without a history of psychiatric illness. Various studies described hysterectomy with premature ovarian failure that was associated with reduced estrogen doses. In our study, patients also had a higher risk of depression after hysterectomy with increasing age, lower number of children, and higher educational attainment. Overall, the results of this study showed that ovarian preservation after elective hysterectomy was associated with a relative decrease in depression and improvement in sexual function. Being a housewife and raising a partner's age were effective in increasing depression in patients. Patients with more depression had more abdominal pain.

Background & Aims: Anxiety and depression are common complications after heart surgery. This study aimed to determine the effect of Holy Quran Voice on anxiety and depression after cardiac surgery. Materials & Methods: This randomized single-blind randomized clinical trial was performed on 108 open heart surgery patients admitted to Golestan Medical Center of Ahwaz in 2018 using randomized block sampling. In the intervention group, after extubation and gaining alertness, 2 times each day, for ten minutes, the Quran was broadcast. For the control group, the usual care was continued. Data were collected by demographic and clinical data and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Data were analyzed using SPSS V22 software using Chi-square, independent t-test, and Mann-Whitney test. Results: Comparison of changes in anxiety and depression scores in the two groups showed that the mean of anxiety reduction after intervention in the control group was 44. 4 ± 2. 06 and in the control group was 7. 39 ± 2. 22. According to the Mann-Whitney test, there was a significant difference between the means of anxiety in the two groups (P = 0. 01). Also, the study of changes in depression level by Mann-Whitney test showed that there was no significant difference in the level of depression between the two groups (P = 0. 421). Conclusion: The results of the study showed the positive effects of music on reducing the anxiety of patients after open-heart surgery. Therefore, this method can be used as a cheap and non-invasive nursing care.