JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY
Year:2020 | Volume:12 | Issue:2 (46)|Papers Count:9

Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of reality therapy on postpartum depression and post-traumatic stress symptoms in women with Natural childbirth. Method: The present study was a quasiexperimental study using pre-test and post-test design with experimental and control groups. The statistical population of this study was women of Health Center No. 2 in Mashhad who experienced natural childbirth and subsequently had symptoms of post-traumatic stress and postpartum depression. Among these people, 30 people were selected by purposive sampling and assigned to experimental and control groups. The experimental group underwent reality therapy intervention for 8 sessions. After the intervention, both groups completed the posttraumatic stress and postpartum depression questionnaires. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 24 and analysis of covariance. Results: Findings showed that reality therapy has a significant effect on reducing postpartum depression and post-traumatic stress symptoms. Conclusion: Considering the prevalence of postpartum depression and stress and the results of the present study on reducing depression and post-traumatic stress, it is suggested that reality therapy be used as an effective intervention in medical centers and health centers.

Introduction: Food craving is a strong tendency for foods consumption unnecessarily that can be a source of eating disorders. The aim of this study was to compare the effectveness of Schema Therapy and Transcranial Direct-Current Stimulation (tDCS) in this field. Method: A semi-experimental design by two groups (pre-test, post-test with two-month follow-up) was administered. The treatment was preformed in two methods of tDCS (six sessions in 20 minute) and schema therapy (12 sessions of 45 minutes per week). The population consisted of people with food cravings. After screening, 40 subjects (12 males and 28 females) were selected by convenience sampling and randomly divided into two experimental groups. Craving was also measured by the Food Craving Questionnaire of Meule and colleagues. Data were analyzed by repeated measure ANOVA. Results: There was no significant difference between the two treatments in reducing craving symptoms (F= 0. 64, P> 0. 05). A significant difference observed for craving scores over time between post-test, and follow-up stages (F> 69. 39> P> 0. 05). Conclusion: The results showed that the effectiveness of both methods in reducing food craving syndrome was the same. As a result, no single method is effective in reducing food cravings, and regarding tDCS minimal side effects it is recommended that tDCS be used as a complementary therapeutic therapy in this area. Schema therapy can also be used as a preventive intervenion to weaken maladaptive schemas at the outset.

Introduction: The present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness based cognitive therapy on dysfunctional attitudes and marital burnout in the women with marital conflict. Method: A semi-experimental design with pretest, posttest and control group with two-month followup stage was applied. The statistical population included women with marital conflict who referred to consultation centers in the summer and autumn of 2019 and 2020 in Tehran. A sample with 40 women by marital conflict were selected through purposive sampling method and were randomly divided into experimental and control groups (n= 20 women). After attrition, 34 women remained in the study (16 women in the experimental group and 18 women in the control group). The experimental group received 8 ninetyminute sessions of mindfulness based cognitive therapy during two months. The questionnaires applied in this study included dysfunctional attitudes questionnaire and marital burnout questionnaire. The data from the study were analyzed through repeated measurement ANOVA. Results: The mindfulness cognitive n therapy has had showed significant effect (p<0. 001) on dysfunctional attitudes and marital burnout of the women with marital conflict and could decrease inefficient attitudes and marital burnout in these women. Conclusion: We conclued that the mindfulness based cognitive therapy could be an efficient therapy to promote the dysfunctional attitudes and marital burnout of the women with marital conflicts via correction of cognitive processing, conscious attention, acceptance and conscious behavior techniques.

Introduction: Tymasin Plus(TP) is an iranian herbal medication manufactured by Medeen pharma company for some respiratory disorders. Method: This was an interventional research. 24 male rats were divided in 4 groups including negative control positive control and 2 TP administered groups. No intervention was done on rats in negative control group Transient Carotid Artery Occlusion Surgery(TCAOS) was done in positive control and TP administered groups. After surgery rats in positive control group received normal saline. Rats in TP administered groups received TP after TCAOS. T-maze and passive avoidance tests were used for memory and learning and One-way ANOVA was used for statistical analysis. Results: Food finding latency time significantly increased in positive control group in comparison of negative control. Step-through latency time in positive control group was significantly reduced in comparison of negative control. Food finding latency time was significantly reduced in TP administered groups in comparison of positive control. No significant difference was observed between negative control and TP administered groups based on food finding latency time. No significant difference was observed between positive control and TP administered groups based on step-through latency time. Conclusion: Tymasin Plus prevents spatial memory impairment but has no effect on avoidance behavior impairment.

Introduction: Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD) is characterized by irritability and frequent anger attacks. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy and emotion regulation training on irritability, depression, anxiety, stress and emotion regulation in adolescents with DMDD. Method: This study was designed and conducted as a semi-experimental study (pretest and post-test with control group). The statistical population was all students with symptoms of DMDD in Shahroud in the year 96-97. The sample of this study consisted of 45 male students with symptoms of DMDD who were selected in a purposeful manner. Emotional Excitement Index, Emotional Adjustment Scale, and Depression Anxiety Scale were used for data collection. Results: The cognitive behavioral therapy and emotion regulation training were significantly effective in reducing depression, anxiety and irritability. The results of the post-hoc test showed that the mean scores of the experimental groups in the studied variables were significantly lower than the control group. Emotion regulation training significantly was more effective in reducing depressive symptoms than cognitive-behavioral therapy. Conclusion: These result suggest that cognitive behavioral therapy and emotional regulation training can modulate depression, anxiety and irritability in adolescents with DMDD.

Introduction: Social anxiety is one of the most common types of anxiety disorders. Numerous factors play role in etiology of the disorder, including anxiety sensitivity and cognitive distortions. The aim of this study then was to investigate the effectiveness of a modular cognitive behavioral therapy on anxiety sensitivity and cognitive distortions in girls with social anxiety. Method: A semi-experimental design with pretestposttest and control group was applied. The statistical population of the study consisted of all female students with social anxiety in Mashhad. The statistical sample consisted of 24 students with social anxiety, who were selected by available sampling method and assigned to the experimental and control groups. The revised Cox and Taylor anxiety sensitivity questionnaire, Beck and Weisman cognitive distortions were used for data collection. After performing the pre-test, the experimental group underwent intervention for 10 sessions of 90 minutes, while the control group was placed on the waiting list. Post-test was also performed immediately after the treatment sessions. Data extracted and analyzed by an ANCOVA statistical analysis. Results: The results of analysis of covariance showed that by controlling the effect of pre-test in the post-test stage, there is a significant difference between the control and experimental groups in the variables of anxiety sensitivity and cognitive distortions. So that the experimental group showed a significant decrease compared to the control group. Also, the results of the study showed a decrease in the subscales of fear of anxiety reactions, fear of cardiovascular and respiratory symptoms and lack of cognitive control of his anxiety sensitivity subscale. Conclusion: According to the research findings, since patients with social anxiety have symptoms of anxiety sensitivity and cognitive distortions, the use of modular cognitive-behavioral intervention as an effective treatment in patients with social anxiety is recommended.

Introduction: Recently mindfulness-based treatment approach is one of the behavioral therapy method that can affect the mental health of people with gender dysphoria. The aim of study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a mindfulness therapy on the symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress in patients with Gender Dysphoria Disorder. Method: A randomized controlled trial design was administered. Among the statistical population including female patients with gender dysphoria diagnosis, referred to Tehran Psychiatric Institute in 2017, a sample of 30 patients were selected by available sampling method. Subjects were randomly divided to experimental and control groups and were asked to fill the DASS-42 scales in a pretest stage. The experimental group undergone mindfulness treatment, while control group remained in the waiting list. Both group were completed same scales in the post-test stage as well. Results: Results of a MNCOVA test showed significant difference for two groups due to reduced depression, anxiety and stress scores at post-test stage of the research Conclusion: We concluded that mindfulnessbased therapy could reduce the depression, anxiety and stress symptoms in gender dysphoria patients, and treatment centers are recommended to use mindfulness-based treatment programs in work with these patients.

Introduction: Given the accelerating global aging of the population in the world, paying attention to the health issues and its close relationship to life expectancy seems necessary. The aim of this study was to study the impacts of a positive integrated treatment program (PITP) on psychological wellbeing in the elderly individuals. Method: A semi-experimental research with randomized controlled trial design was administered. Among all people above 60 years old in one of the Tehran regions a sample consisting 40 elderly people was selected on a randomly available sampling basis. All of these people were satisfied to participate in this study and had the inclusion/exclusion criteria to enter the research. This 40 people were randomly divided into experimental and control groups, and each group consisted of 20 people. The measurement tool in this study was Ryff’ s Psychological Well-being Questionnaire, short form. Subjects in the experimental group underwent 8 sessions (100 minutes) of integrated educational program intervention, whereas the control group received no intervention. To analyze data, mean, standard deviation, and the analysis of covariance used by a SPSS software. Results: The results of this study showed that the integrated educational program could create significant effect on psychological well-being in the elderly of Tehran and this intervention can increase the average of psychological well-being in the elderly people. Conclusion: It could be concluded that using integrated educational program in elderly, we can increase the elderly’ s function in the society and they will have a better psychological well-being.

Introduction: Initially, it was thought that ADHD was diagnosed only in children; But today it has been shown that this disorder can continue into adulthood. The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of Adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Questionnaire by Leonard Adler and his colleagues. Method: The research method was descriptivecorrelational and the statistical population was the sample of students of the Faculty of Physical Education of Allameh Tabatabai University (128 individual). The content validity of the questionnaire was evaluated by 7 experts based on the content validity index. Spss statistical software version 25 and R version 3. 6. 2 were used to analyze the data. The Classical approach of test analysis and Item-response theory (GRM) was used to statistically analyze the data. Results: The content validity study showed the coordination of the content of the measurement tool with the purpose of the tool and also the results of heuristic factor analysis showed three factors (impulsivity, hyperactivity and concentration problems) and The alpha coefficient for the whole questionnaire was 0. 79. Analysis of Item Response Theoryshowed that all items had a good fit with their factors and the range of knowledge of items in the range of attribute level between 2-to 2, has the most awareness and the least measurement error. Conclusion: The final results were shown 14 items, as well as, three factors for measureing adult hyperactivity and inattention with acceptable psychometric indices to Iranian student population and can be used as a valid tool in research.