Industrial Technology Development
Year:2019 | Volume:17 | Issue:36|Papers Count:6

Social Capital (SC) theory has gained increasing importance over the last few decades, showing the benefits derived from the firm's position in social network. Moreover, a firm's Social Capital facilitates the exploitation of innovative opportunities, enabling the discovery of new opportunities that As a result; it can have a positive impact on entrepreneurial orientation (EO). The present study seeks to examine the dimensions of social capital on the development of a new product, emphasizing the role of mediating entrepreneurial orientation in knowledge-based companies. This is an applied and descriptive study and has been performed by survey method. The statistical population of the research is the managers and assistants of the knowledge-based companies. For this purpose, 208 randomly selected individuals were selected. The questionnaire based on Likert spectrum was used in order to collect information and structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data. The results show that, from the dimensions of social capital, structural dimension has a negative effect on entrepreneurial orientation. Also, there was a positive and significant effect between the entrepreneurial orientation and new product development (NPD). Finally; Market orientation (MO) negatively affects the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and NPD performance. According to the results obtained from the findings of this research, it can be concluded that if managers of knowledge-based companies can create a workplace with intimacy and trust and thus improve social capital, they can naturally lead to entrepreneurial tendencies in the staff and eventually in the company.

The costs of earliness and tardiness are considered as the major challenge of research and development projects. These projects need a more effective method for scheduling and control. Such methods help executives to properly detect the deviations of strategic projects from performance baseline and to adopt appropriate decisions about project activities. In this regard, the Earned Value Method (EVM) can be applied effectively. In this study, a scheduling algorithm is introduced to have high efficiency in minimizing the total earliness and tardiness costs. Practitioners can precisely predict the total time and cost of the project and also adopt appropriate decisions to prevent strategic projects from further financial losses using this technique. The execution of the proposed approach in real cases revealed that it lessens the total costs of earliness and tardiness. Furthermore, the efficiency of the proposed technique in solving the problem was compared to scheduling algorithms in previous studies. In this regard, the TTR index was used that represents the total earliness and tardiness time divided by the project time. The results showed that the proposed algorithm has higher efficiency in minimizing the total costs of earliness and tardiness in research and development projects.

One of the important factors in the destruction of organizations is the lack of creativity and innovation in the organization. The process of innovation in the past has been dependent on intellectual resources within the organization and the efforts to develop and commercialize them within the organization. But today, the open innovation paradigm uses external ideas and technologies, and allows other companies to take advantage of their innovative ideas. Therefore, in this paper, the factors affecting innovation were identified in order to create open innovation in the sesame industry of Yazd province and the effect of these factors on each other was identified using the fuzzy dematel technique. Then, with the system dynamics technique, scenarios for increasing open innovation in this industry were presented. Finally, it was discovered that increasing the intermediaries of innovation and increasing integration and increasing the link between industry and university could increase open innovation. Other factors include the using close business business in the organization that affects Open innovation, and organizations should try to reduce the use of closed businesses and increase their Relation to customers and competitors and other organizations.

Today, the development of social networks has affected many aspects of life, so studying social networks can help businesses in many cases. On the other hand, research and development is important in companies and especially in the company being studied. This research, considering the importance of the two issues of social networks and R & D, explores the relationship between social networks, technology relations and information security efficiency with the performance of research and development projects at the Development Company of MAPNA. For this purpose, a questionnaire of 19 questions was distributed among 196 employees of the company and the results were analyzed using PPS software. Research results have shown that social networks have a positive impact on R & D performance and information technology relations, as well as the protection of information and technology relationships can also have a positive effect on the performance of research and development.

After the agricultural and industrial economy, which were land and natural key resources respectively, now it is the turn of knowledge-based economy whose key resource is knowledge. To develop and apply knowledge in order to develop the country, many factors should always be considered. In this research, technological dimension of knowledge-based development is analyzed, and some of the key dimensions affecting it including intellectual property rights, innovation, technology transfer as key indices are selected, and attempts have been made to study the behavior of these indices in the context of knowledge-based economy in 40 countries with extremely high, high, medium, and low development levels, and a conceptual model is presented. This research is descriptive type, and library studies have been used for collecting data. To examine the mentioned model, the second-class studies or desktop research method is used. Out of seven hypotheses in this study, five ones were completely confirmed and the rest rejected.

Small and medium enterprises are the main place of growth, entrepreneurship, employment, innovation, and risk taking. One of the basic ways to upgrade the competitiveness of these industries is to improve the status of technological innovation. Therefore, in view of the specific characteristics of these industries, identifying and upgrading the status of enablers can be very effective and promising in order to succeed in improving technological innovation. Thus, the purpose of this research is to present a structural model of the technological innovation enablers in the small and medium industries. In this research, after studying theoretical foundations of research and experts’ views, 8 dimensions and 32 related components were identified as technological innovation enablers. In the next step, using structural-interpretive modeling, relations between dimensions of the enablers of technological innovation were determined, and by leveling them the research model was drawn. The results showed that the dimensions of "technological factors", "knowledge management", and "external links" respectively have the highest priority in achieving technological innovation in the small and medium enterprises. The presented model in this research, while offering the dimensions and components of the technological innovation enablers and their priorities, can be used as a systematic and integrated native model for long-term promotion of the technological innovation level in the small and medium enterprises.