MILITARY CARING SCIENCES
Year:2021 | Volume:7 | Issue:4 (26)|Papers Count:12

Introduction: Sleep disorders are one of the most common problems in the postwar stress veterans facing. Spirituality, as one of the dimensions of mental health, plays an important role in the physical, psychological and social consequences of this disorder. Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of pure heart-based spiritual care model on veterans’ sleep quality. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study was performed on 60 veterans referring to a selected military hospital in Mashhad in 2020. Samples were divided into test and control groups non-randomly. The test group received a pure heart-based spiritual care training in 60-45-minute 5 sessions lasting 5 weeks. Data were collected using the Demographic Questionnaire and the PSQI Sleep Quality Scale (PSQI)then analyzed by the statistical tests of independent t-test، paired t-test using SPSS 20 (Sig <0. 05). Results: The quality of sleep of the veterans before the intervention in the experimental group (13. 03± 3. 27) and control (12. 83± 3. 2) was not statistically significant (P= 0. 8). However, after the intervention, the mean quality of sleep of the veterans in the experimental group (11. 13± 2. 62) and control (13± 3. 51) was statistically significant (P=0. 023). Thus, 6% of postoperative changes are caused by the effect of the intervention (Eta = 0. 6, P= 0. 02) Discussion and Conclusion: According to the results, post-traumatic stress disorder has played a significant role in the quality of sleep of veterans. Therefore planners and health managers, as well as related physicians, are required to consider preventive and therapeutic measures to increase the quality of sleep of veterans.

Introduction: The attitude of military professors towards life events and job stresses affects their health. If stressful events are considered as spiritual experience, they cause less harm to people’ s spiritual health. Objective: The present study was conducted to investigate the correlation between daily spiritual experience and spiritual health in professors of military universities. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-cross-sectional study conducted in 2019, 150 military professors were selected using convenience sampling based on the inclusion criteria. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Pearson correlation coefficient. Significance level was 0. 05. Results: There was a positive and significant correlation between the score of spiritual health and spiritual experience of professors (r = 0. 18, P = 0. 01). The correlation between spiritual health and daily spiritual experience in professors in subgroup of selected university A, Selected University B and selected university C was (r=0. 005, P=0. 39: ) (P=0. 02, r= 0. 32) and (r: 0. 04, P=04. 77), respectively, which were statistically significant in selected universities A and B affiliated to the Armed Forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Discussion and Conclusion: Considering the correlation between spiritual health and daily spiritual experience, it is recommended to implement methods to promote spiritual health, change attitudes toward life events, and religion-oriented struggling with job stress in Faculty Empowerment Program.

Introduction: One of the most critical issues in military environments is the reaction time (RT) to creative problems solving (CPS) and making decisions in this regard. One of the factors influencing the reaction time is inducing negative and positive effects. Besides, the moderating role of problem-solving synchronous variables can overshadow the interactive effect on RT. Objective: The present study aimed to to evaluate the effect of positive and negative affect priming on the RT of CPS. Material and Method: The method used for the study incsluded a pre-test, posttest experimental study on a control group; which was conducted in two stages within a four-day interval in 2019-20. All personnel working at military-medical universities participated in the study, from which 24 people were selected for an experimental study by convenience sampling method. After completing the feature’ s problem-solving checklist and Remote Associates Test (RAT), in the second stage of the experiment, the research units were randomly divided into three groups of positive, negative, and neutral emotion induction. For data analysis, the mixed intraintergroup factor analysis was used. Finally, the data were analyzed using SPSS-26 at a significance level of 0. 05. Results: In the present study, only the hypothesis of the difference between Reaction times to the CPS test of RAT in the pre-test and post-test stages was confirmed in the three groups of positive, negative and neutral induction (F = 3. 58, α <0. 05 and n =24). Discussion and Conclusion: The results showed a significant difference between the RT to the CPS test of RAT in the pre and post-test stages in three groups of positive, negative, and neutral induction. Conclusions showed that emotional training could help RT to CPS. Thus, it is suggested that this training be placed on the agenda, especially in the military.

Introduction: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is one of the most important parasitic diseases in the world and Iran. This disease is important in military force and its prevention during peacetime and prediction during wartime is required. Objective: The present study was designed to investigate the prevalence of CL in soldiers with suspected skin lesions via parasitic and molecular techniques in the garrison of Sistan-Balouchistan Province, Southeast of Iran. Material and Methods: In this descriptive study, 145 soldiers with suspected skin lesions were examined. After obtaining the consent and filling the personal information form, samples were collected, then examined by microscopy and molecular techniques. Results: Totally, 91% of the lesions were positive for CL and the sensitivity of molecular technologies in the detection of leishmania is more than that of parasitic technique. The prevalence of Leishmania Tropica is 57%. Discussion and Conclusion: The prevalence of CL was high. The population of this study consisted of wounded soldiers with specific features. Furthermore, climate conditions of regions have changed recently. Thus, such unusual variables are indirect contributing factors of changes in the dispersion of contagious diseases like CL. The molecular technique had superiority in the detection of leishmania. Predominant species were Leishmania Tropica in this area.

Introduction: In the biological outbursts, nurses are at the frontline of response. They need education about biological disasters. Objective: The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of two methods including lecture-based training and multimedia software on military nurses’ knowledge about the triage of biological incident victims. Material and Methods: This study was quantitative, quasi-experimental, and interventional. Participants included 50 nurses of emergency wards or Members of the Crisis Committee in two military hospitals. They were randomly divided into two groups of multimedia software or lecture-based training about triage in biological disasters. Furthermore, Pre-test and post-test were performed. The researchermade questionnaire was valid and reliable. Data were analyzed by SPSS 25. The significance level of the tests was less than 5%. Results: The participants of both groups were homogeneous in terms of age, gender, education level, history of membership in disaster team, shift work, work experience, and participation in training courses. Mean knowledge scores of both groups did not show a significant difference before and after the intervention (P>0. 05). Each group had a significant difference in knowledge before and after the intervention (P=0. 001). Thus, the knowledge score had increased after the education in both groups. Discussion and Conclusion: Either of the methods (lecture-based and multimedia training) can be used due to their same effects. However, implementing virtual and distance learning methods in key items such as triage will be necessitated due to the rapid spread of the disease, the time-consuming nature of classical education, dependence on time, place, and coordination required in the formation of the class, and the lack of human resources as one of the challenges facing the hospital in such disasters. Evaluating the effectiveness and professional development of multimedia educational software, animation, and remote interactive training is recommended in teaching the content required in biological disasters.

Introduction: Safe injection as a part of the quality and safe care, is one of the common methods of prescribing drugs. If safety standards are not observed, recipients and service providers may face many risks. . Objective: The present study aims to compare the effect of training through a workshop and training through an online learning content on the knowledge, attitude and practice of emergency ward nurses in selected AJA hospitals regarding safe injections. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study was performed on 46 nurses in the emergency ward of selected hospitals in Aja, Tehran in 2019-2020. Eligible participants were randomly divided into two training groups through the workshop and virtual training. The effect of training on nurses’ knowledge, attitude, and practice about safe injection before, after, and one month after the intervention was investigated. Awareness, Knowledge and attitude questionnaires and observational performance checklists were used for this purpose. Data were analyzed through descriptive and inferential tests in SPSS 23 and the significance level was considered less than 0. 05. Results: There was no significant difference between the knowledge and attitude of the two groups before and after the intervention (P>0. 05). Furthermore, there was no significant difference between the performance of the two groups before the intervention (P>0. 05), but after the intervention, the performance score in the workshop training group was significantly lower than that of the other group (P<0. 05). There was no significant difference between the performances of the two groups one month after the intervention (P>0. 05). Discussion and Conclusion: The results of present study showed that the nurses who participated in the training group had a higher performance than the those trained by online learning educational content. Therefore, this method can be used to improve the performance of nurses and ultimately improve the quality of their performance in providing care services.

Introduction: Interpersonal communication skills are one of the essential skills of human life and couple relationships are one of main interpersonal relationships. Lack of communication skills is a crucial factor ruining the marital relationship and a serious threat to family survival. Objective: The present study aimed to determine the effect of the BASNEF model training program on the interpersonal skills of female students with their spouses. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study was done on 60 married female students of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in 2017and 2018. They were divided into intervention and control groups. The intervention group has participated in a 2-4-hour interpersonal relationship workshop based on BASNEF model structures, and the control group received no intervention. To collect data, demographic questionnaires, Queendom communication skills questionnaires, and a researcher-made questionnaire based on the BASNEF model were used. Data were collected in two stages before and 4 weeks after training and analyzed by SPSS 18, independent t-test, paired t-test, and ANOVA, . aP <0. 05 were considered significant. Results: The results of the present study showed that the mean age of the female students were 5. 2 ± 28. 2 in the intervention group and 4. 3 ± 29. 3 in the control group. The mean score of total communication skills in the intervention group and control group has increased to 12. 8 ± 13. 0 and 1. 4 ± 7. 1, respectively. Independent t-test showed this difference significant (P<0. 001). Discussion and Conclusion: The present study showed that BASNEF model-based education leads to the enhancement of interpersonal skills of female students with their spouses. Aiming at enhancing females’ interpersonal relationship skills with their husbands, it is recommended to use it widely to promote family health.

Introduction: Body image is one of the important issues in humans’ mental health and trigger of behaviors. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of some demographic variables on mental image of the body of students of Zanjan University of medical sciences. Material and Methods: The present study isan analytical-cross sectional study done in the 2018 autumn at Zanjan University of medical sciences. Three faculties were selected through cluster sampling and 520 questionnaires were distributed randomly among respondents. Data were collected by Yonesi & Salagegheh body imagequestionnaire and tested using descriptive statistics and statistical tests of K2 and ANOVA. Significant p-value was considered 0. 05. evel. Results: About one-third of the participants had an inappropriate body image. Further, the results showed that body image in female students was lower than that in male students. Those aged 25 years and earn more than 1. 5 million tomans had better body image than the others. Discussion and Conclusion: The results generally showed that female students, under 25 years old and with low income, had an unfavorable mental image of themselves. Accordingly, universities must plan basic programs to improve the body image of students exposed to inappropriate mental image. On the other hand, improving this variable will improve the various aspects of the student’ s life, including his educational dimension.

Introduction: The complexity and diversity of nurses ‘ work in hospitals have led to many obstacles to the realization of organizational learning. Therefore, Considering the importance of nursing organizational learning management, the present study was designed to create an accurate plan to improve performance and provide a suitable model for organizing the organizational learning of nurses. Objective: The present study aimed to design a model of nurses’ organizational learning. Materials and Methods: This study was qualitative-quantitative conducted at Iran University of Medical Sciences during 2019-2020. The preferred approach of the qualitative part of the study was Lived experience. For this purpose, 15 experts and nurses were invited to participate in nursing management based on purposeful sampling and theoretical saturation. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and analyzed based on content analysis through thematic analysis. Then, it was designed based on statistical methods of structural equation modeling, and nurses’ organizational learning management model. Results: The results of the study were categorized into 142 open source codes, eight source codes, and three selective codes. Discussion and Conclusion: The results showed that in the design of the nursing learning management model, three core indicators (individual, contextual, and structural factors) and axial indicators (the improvement of learners’ personal capabilities, the enhancement of employees’ learning motivation, the development of employees’ participation culture, the realization of justice, the development of a systematic attitude of managers, the development of knowledge, the commitment of managers to continuous monitoring, development of efficiency of course planners) play key roles. Therefore, the realization of nurses’ organizational learning management depends on the awareness and identification of health system executives regarding these factors.