RAHBORD
Year:2020 | Volume:28 | Issue:93|Papers Count:7

Recent findings indicate the incremental application of science of intelligence in the Futures Studies. Most of intelligence practice in the framework of Strategic Intelligence, Competetive Intelligence and other related concepts, is Watching method in the realm of Futures Studies. The present research is about to answer this question that how we could increase the current capabilities of Watching by applying the science of intelligence. In order to highlight the Watching method, we first studied the method and the obstacles ahead of it, then, we surveyed intelligence applications in the Futures Studies. Type of research is applied research, strategy of research is sequential-exploratory method. The obtained data, is analysed using questionnaire method and surveying data from experts in the strategic research centers. Finally, based on the professions of science of intelligence, we present the processes of Intelligence based Strategic Watching in which using reiterative steps, maximum intelligence from organization’ s environment is obtained which it could lead to the understanding of weak signals, strategic intentions of adversaries in order to present strategic early warning with more certainty. Due to the lack of knowledge in the realm of Watchnig method in Iran, application of these processes would be useful to increase the efficiency of activities of Futures Studies.

In the present world creating incredible power and wealth by developing countries attract the attentions of futurists about emerging new power in world system. The name of countries such as Nigeria, Vietnam, Philippine, Indonesia alongside the name of prestigious countries indicates this emerging trend. Trends and wild cards are happening in all criteria. The ranking of countries in providing international higher education is one of these emerging issues. In Eastern Europe and Asia and Middle East countries there are new player which are catching up with main providers of international higher education. In this paper experience of turning different countries specifically developing ones into hubs of international higher education has been studied. The main question here is how international higher education hub facilitating achieving preferable futures in regional development? The answer of these questions will provide good results for doing policy making in international higher education. The methodologies which have been used for this study including: Environmental scanning, meta-analysis and auto-ethnography. The main idea of this paper is: from futures studies point of veiw regional development needs enough wealth and power and turning each region into the hub of international higher education creates suitable infrastructures for recruitments human and social capital from around the globe and this is main driver force for creating wealth and then achieving regional development in the regions which are providers of international higher education in Iran.

In recent years, due to the emergence of new ideas such as the new public management approach, knowledge-based societies and economies, and globalization, the concepts of efficiency, effectiveness, and accountability in the public sector have attracted more attention on themselves. In this regard, higher education and university have also been affected by these trends, trying to comply with environmental changes and changing their governance approach. It seems Policy making is considered one of the most important aspects of higher education governance. The current state of Iranian higher education policy-making has generally reduced the capacity of policy-making in this area. On the other hand, policy research, as a research process focused on presenting policy solutions, can play a significant role in optimizing and enhancing the capacity of Iran's higher education policies. In this regard, the main purpose of the present study was causal explanation of capacity of Iranian higher education policies based on the synergy of policy research institutions. The present study has a mixed research method. In the qualitative phase, in the qualitative phase, by conducting semi-structured interviews with 15 Iranian higher education policy experts and applying the thematic analysis approach, a list of interactive and communicative factors influencing the efficiency and synergy of the policy research process in the Iranian higher education system was developed. According to the literature review, policy capacity was considered as the optimal policy in terms of rationality. The quantitative findings indicated 40% of variable capacity of Iran's higher education policies explained by the Synergistic variable of policy research institutions. Review of the selected higher education policies also showed a significant low synergy between policy researchers at the policy formulation stage.

Today, the aviation industry is very much in use and connected the world. So updating the industry with latest technologies will solve many problems. Therefore, the present study aimed to identify and prioritize the feasibility of future technologies in the aviation industry, emphasizing the key technologies using the survey method. The statistical population in this study consists of senior managers, middle managers, IT experts of various airlines and managers and experts in the field of aviation industry information technology. The snowball method was also used in this study to select experts and we continued sampling until the number of members reached 15. Finally, in order to determine the position of each technology in the future, the average of the final numbers on feasibility was considered as the feasibility number and priority of that technology. The results of data analysis show that prioritization of technology feasibility in Iranian aviation industry include: passenger load, metadata, cyber security, artificial intelligence, pattern recognition, augmented reality, IoT, blockchain, startups and High-scalability, virtual reality, voice, translation, robotics, and drones are the priorities that can guide policy making in the Iranian aviation industry.

The country’ s sports industry (Given the complicated situation and existing technical and economic sanction) must be capable and the necessary technological tools relying on the power of innovation and increased the country’ s talent. Offer meet sports needs and dealing with the complexities of the future, requires foresight to ultimately, the result of efforts and innovation from effectiveness, Persistence, and have the necessary capabilities for the future environment. In this regard, it is necessary to pay attention to sports policy in practice and futurism on the agenda and organizational priorities and the country’ s sports institutions. Thinking policy and knowledge is intertwined and knowledge of foresight, is a complementary phenomenon in public policy and Lay the groundwork for foresight and possible Key variables in the relationship between futurism and sports policy (Organizational Structural, Sports, Participation, Financing) has checked. In this research, Organization and policy-making process and organizational foresight described and the results obtained, in order to fit properly, as far as possible between organizational foresight and policy-making generalized, So, The Key achievement of this research, the realization of future sports policy is focused at the national level.

The aim of this study was to identify and prioritize the components of a resistance economy for entrepreneurship, to study and examine the components of entrepreneurship in a resistance economy. In the qualitative stage, the data collection tool was a qualitative and in-depth interview with experts. The statistical population of the study included experts in entrepreneurship and resistance economics with a sample size of 25 people, and sampling was done by targeted judgment method to reach the theoretical saturation point. The analysis of the findings was done by the methodology of the Grounded theory with the classical approach. In the quantitative stage, the data collection tool, the researcher's questionnaire and the statistical sample of the study included 384 entrepreneurs and economic activists in Iran. Data analysis was performed using structural equation modeling and SPSS and Smart PLS softwares. The results showed that the components of resistance economy for entrepreneurship in this economy include five components (in order of priority): 1. Entrepreneurial economy with 0. 834 impact intensity, 2. Knowledge economy with 0. 789 impact intensity, 3. Extraversion with intensity Impact 0. 758, 4. Active private sector with impact intensity 0. 749, 5. Endogenous with an impact intensity of 0. 737. According to the results obtained in the research process, in the first step to achieve entrepreneurship in the resistance economy, in a long-term strategy, we must turn to the entrepreneurial economy and the knowledge-based economics.

The characteristics of feminism in Christian west and its negative impacts and the strategic approach to the future of women in Iranian society are the main subjects of this paper. Protestantism based on reformation in Christianity which effected by Renaissance and Humanism. Secularism is the most important product of reformism and Protestantism. Indeed, the freedom of sexual relations, the legalization of homosexuality, the collapse of family foundation, reduce marriage and increase divorce are the most important negative consequences of feminism in Christian west which caused by reformism, Protestantism and secularism. Therefore, in the context of western feminism, the emphasis on first divine nature as a common and essential principle of religions and sacred traditions of religions are very important. In Iranian society, the desirable future of women and the family is based on the divergence of the ideals of western feminism and attention to fundamentals of Islam. This paper tries to explain these issues on the basis of futuristic research and scenario design and intends to emphasis on critical approach toward the future of feminism with a view to Iranian society.