JOURNAL OF ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY AND DEVELOPMENT (QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES)
Year:2021 | Volume:14 | Issue:2 (53)|Papers Count:7

Inroduction & Objective: The aim of this study, was additive extraxted fennel in the medium for increasing reproductive performance, concentration of probiotices by using qRT-PCR technique. Materials and Methods: In the present study, fennel extracted was divided into different concentrations. Concentrations including 25, 50 and 75 µ g /ml were added to the culture medium. In addition, a control sample was used to confirm the results. Parameters of mating latency and copulation duration, was measured by coronometr instrument. Fecundity and fertility also were count by Loop on the medium. The flies were studied for two months. Results: In this study, concentration of 25, 50, 75 µ g/ ml and control group was used. The results showed concentration of 75µ g/ml was significant decreasing mating latency and increasing copulation duration, fecundity and fertility parameters were showed. Moreover were confirmed lactobacilus brevis by PCR technique In addition using qRT-PCR technique and confirmed higher expression in 16srDNA when used 75µ g/ml concentration. Conclusion: According to the present study, the higher fennel extracted has been effective on gene expression in probiotics and also on the reproductive performance of flies showed.

Inroduction & Objective: Linkage disequilibrium (LD) advancement map and the specification of population-level haplotype block structures are parameters that are helpful for managing the study of the Genome wide Association (GWAS), and to comprehend the nature of non-linear relationship among phenotypes and genotype. Compared with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), genomic prediction fitting haplotype alleles and improve prediction accuracy; but the increase in accuracy belong how the Haplotype block are characterized. The aim of this study was to test the optimal size for haplotype length in genomic predictions. Material and Method: The Haplotype alleles were defined according the SNP alleles in not covering blocks 125 Kb, 250 Kb, 500 Kb, and 1 Mb. The Haplotype alleles with frequencies below 1, 2. 5, 5 or 10% are eliminated. Two methods, Bayes A and Bayes B, were used to predict the genomic effects of SNPs and haplotypes. From Bayes A and B methods to predict the genomic effects of SNPs and haplotypes in three traits with three levels of heritability (milk production (h2 = 0. 1), carcass weight (h2 = 0. 3) and body weight in Maturity (h2 = 0. 45) was used. Results: The highest genomic prediction obtained in body weight at maturity by Bayesian method B (0. 652) during 250 kb haplotypic block and the lowest by Bayesian method A in milk production (0. 407) during haplotypic block 1 Mb. Haplotype blocks of 250 kb with a frequency threshold of 1% provided the highest genomic prediction accuracy. Comparing Bayes A and Bayes B methods, Bayes B method provided higher estimation accuracy in both SNP-based and haplotype allele-based models. Conclusion: : Placing haplotype alleles instead of SNPs in the statistical model, if the haplotype length is properly defined, improves the accuracy of genomic prediction.

Inroduction & Objective: Skeletal injuries are common in animals and even humans today. Various methods have been used to treat and repair fractures. The prevalence of fractures and the and time-consuming methods used today have led us to sick a new way to treat bone defects. Material and Methods: Twelve new zealand rabbits weighing 1. 5-2 kg were selected and kept for six weeks. Antiparasitic therapy and antibiotic therapy were performed. The rabbits' anterior limbs were shaved and entered the anesthesia phase. Then, in sterile conditions, the skin was exposed by cutting the skin and removing the radius muscles. The bone piece was removed with a mini-surgical mill and the sterilized tragacanth gum was placed in the bone cavity, the skin was sutured. After receiving antibiotics, rabbits were divided into control and sample groups and underwent radiology and histopathology during 2 and 6 weeks. Results: The results of the sixth week showed significant differences in bone tissue formation between the control and treatment groups (P <0. 05). there was a statistically significant difference between the control and treatment groups in the fibroplasia variable in the sixth week (P <0. 05). Comparative study of radiographic evaluation of the studied variables did not differ significantly between groups on different days. Conclusion: The results showed that tragacanth gum has a significant effect on bone repair and can be used in related disorders.

Inroduction & Objective: The intestines are an important organ in the body of rodents due to the digestion and absorption of food and water, digestive digestion, microbial activity, production of immunoglobulin. The aim of this study was to investigate the histology of the golden hamster intestine and its goblet cells using histological and histochemical techniques. Material and Methods: Five adult and healthy male golden hamsters with an average weight of 120 g were prepared from experimental animal. After sampling from different parts of the intestine and preparing tissue sections, tissue samples were stained by Hematoxylin-Eosin, Periodic Acid Schiff and Alcian Blue methods and then studied by light microscope and the necessary micrographs for Histological studies were prepared. Results: In histopathological study, small and large intestine have 4 layers of mucosa, submucosa, muscular layer and serosa. The intestinal epithelium was consisted of simple columnar cells with a basal oval nucleus, that Mucus secreting goblet cells were seen among the columnar cells which both acidic and neutral mucus were secreted by these cells. It should be noted that the number of goblet cells increased from duodenum to colon and it was positive in PAS and Alcian Blue. Conclusion: The results show that the anatomical and histological structure of the golden hamster intestine, despite minor differences, is very similar to that other rodents.

Inroduction & Objective: Different groups of lactobacilli have probiotic potential of bacteria that have many positive effects on biological ecosystems in various forms. Also, in intensive fish farming, their use is one of the ways to improve growth, nutrition and survival indices. In the meantime, various researches have been done on probiotics as practical supplements in fish nutrition. Therefore, the need to identify lactobacilli with probiotic potential seems to be very important. Therefore, the aim of this study was to isolate and identify lactobacilli with probiotic potential from the gastrointestinal tract of Capoeta. razii and its effect on growth and safety indices of common carp Cyprinus carpio Material and Methods: To achieve this, lactobacilli with probiotic potential were isolated and identified from the gastrointestinal tract of Capoeta. Razii by microbial and molecular tests. Of the 3 bacteria identified, 2 were L. Pantarum and one was L. Brevis. 240 pieces of common carp weighing 15 2 2 g were distributed and fed among 12 fiberglass tanks of 500 liters with a storage density of 20 fish in four treatments (3 replications). Results: At the end of the experiment, in the group of fish that received Lactobacillus and Primalak, their growth characteristics such as weight gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio and survival percentage showed a higher and more desirable level than the group of fish whose diet did not contain Lactobacillus and Primalak. (0. 05). Also in immune factors, the number of RBC and WBC, total protein, albumin, globulin, C3 increased and the amount of cortisol decreased.

Inroduction & Objective: The syndrome of reduction in quantitative and qualitative of egg production in layers has many infectious and non-infectious causes, but this condition is usually attributed to coronavirus, the cause of infectious bronchitis. In this study, the contribution of infectious bronchitis coronavirus in this syndrome was investigated. Material and Method: From spring 2019 to spring 2020, 9 laying hen flocks with a history of reduction in quantitative and qualitative of egg production and 10 laying farms with a healthy appearance were sampled. In addition, 6 farms with cystic oviduct were sampled in laying hens in Isfahan province. After extracting the genome, a fragment of 1200 bp of coronavirus S1 gene was amplified for identification of infectious bronchitis virus. Results: Out of 9 laying farms with syndrome of reduction in quantitative and qualitative of egg production and 10 apparently healthy farms, respectively 7 and 4 farms (78 and 40%), based on at least one positive sample, were infected with infectious bronchitis coronavirus. Out of 59 samples from farms with egg reduction syndrome, 32 samples (54. 2%) and from 66 samples taken from apparently healthy farms, 7 samples (10. 6%) were evaluated positively for infectious bronchitis coronavirus. In this study, all 6 farms with cystic oviduct had at least one positive sample for infectious bronchitis coronavirus and 31 samples out of a total of 41 samples (73. 17%) infected with infectious bronchitis coronavirus. Conclusion: Infectious bronchitis coronavirus has a high share in the syndrome of reduction in quantitative and qualitative of egg production in laying hens, but not all cases can be attributed to this virus and other infectious and nutritional factors should be monitored. Due to the high frequency of this virus in cases of cystic oviduct, it is necessary to identify the viral types that induce this disorder and develop an appropriate control program.

Inroduction & Objective: Breast carcinomas are very invasive tumors with poor prognosis that are more common in younger women (less than 50 years old). Although initially sensitive to chemotherapy, they are significantly more aggressive than other tumors of the molecular subgroup. The aim of this study was to find a new treatment for these cancers. Materials and Methods: The basis of the method was the construction of an inhibitor of cell surface receptors, in the first stage. Then, the effects of this inhibitor on breast cancer cell lines were examined by the routine tests. Results: The results showed that at appropriate concentrations of inhibitor, the life of the respective cell lines is significantly altered. Conclusion: The present study showed that the use of these methods can pave the way for future treatments.