Journal of Isfahan Medical School
Year:2011 | Volume:29 | Issue:153|Papers Count:5

Background: Nosocomial pneumonia is the most prevalent causes of hospital-acquired infection in intensive Care Units (ICU). The purpose of this research was to detect the frequency and predisposing factors of nosocomial pneumonia in ICUs of hospitals of Hamadan University of medical sciences.Methods: In this cross sectional study, 353 patients that were hospitalized in ICUs of Hamadan hospitals (Besat and Ekbatan) were investigated. In the case of nosocomial pneumonia some variables including connecting until affection, the period of hospitalization in ICU until affection will were recorded for these patients.c2 test and Fisher exact test were used for data analysis.Findings: 36 people (10.2%) of hospitalized patients in ICUs were affected to nosocomial pneumonia.The average age of studying patients was 51.2 ± 21.9 years old, in which the most affected people (28%) were older than 65 years old.44.5% of patients with nosocomial pneumonia were affected about 2-5 days after hospitalization in ICU.66.5% of these patients (24 patients) had ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) after connecting to ventilation device.Conclusion: Considering to frequency and predispose of nosocomial pneumonia in this study, it's necessary to pay more attention to the patients whom are exposed to hospital–acquired infections. It is also recommended that all unnecessary intervening actions for the patients in ICU should be avoided.In the case of necessity for mechanical ventilation and for reducing the onset of pneumonia, it is necessary to consider all sanitary actions.

Background: Position changing of the infants during conventional phototherapy for hyper bilirubinemia is used in many hospitals. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of phototherapy in supine versus supine/prone position during phototherapy.Methods: In a randomized clinical trial 40 term jaundiced neonates who were admitted to the neonatal ward of Mofid Children Hospital, a university Hospital affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran were Selected. After entry into the study, infants were randomly assigned two groups: turning group were positioned alternately supine to prone every 6 hours and supine group were only positioned supine. Total serum bilirubin (TSB) were measured just prior to initiation and during 24 hours of phototherapy.Findings: No statistically significant differences in TSB after 24 hours were observed between two groups. But decrease in TSB was significantly associated with position change. Decrease in serum bilirubin level was greater in infants with position change after 24 hour.Conclusion: According to results changing the position of term infants with hyperbilirubinemia during phototherapy could increase the efficacy of this treatment.

Background: In some studies Anti-mutated citrullinated vimentin antibodies (Anti-MCV) was known as a specific marker to diagnose and evaluate the process of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this study our aim was to evaluate the relationship between the disease activity score (DAS28) and serum titer of Anti-MCV in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Methods: This study was a clinical trial in which 80 patients with RA were enrolled. All patients were treated for 3 months. ESR, Anti-MCV and DAS28 were measured before and after the treatment. Data was analyzed be Paired t-test and c2.Findings: Anti-MCV titer was decreased significantly after treatment (P<0.001). Pearson test showed a significant correlation between DAS28 and Anti-MCV titer (P<0.05).Conclusion: Our findings suggested that Anti-MCV should be one of the serelogic tests for evaluating DAS28 in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Background: Parkinson is a degenerative disorder in basal ganglia in brain. This disease is an increasing and chronic one, and mostly affects the old people. Physical therapy is one of the ways to help these people to improve their health. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a physical therapy program that was designed based on balance and gait in patients with Parkinson.Methods: 24 patients with parkinson disease were participated voluntarily in this study. Subjects were randomized to the experimental (n=12) or control group (n=12). The intensity of disease in studied patients was moderate. Both groups used medicines with the same doses. Experiment group had passed a physical therapy program (10 weeks and 4 sessions in each week. Each session prolonged 1 hour) with emphasis on the tensional and supple exercises, while the control group did not passed any exercise program during this time. To assess the balance and gait, we used the berg balance scale (BBS), tinetii balance scale (tbs) and gait and balance scale (GABS). The balance and gait degrees were measured before and after the physical therapy period and the raw data were analyzed by student t-test and paired t-test.Findings: The gait and balance scores in experimental group improved significantly after the intervention (P<0.000). The score of balance was decreased significantly in control group in the end of the study (P<0.008). The score of gait had no significant change in control group (P=0.820).Conclusion: Our findings showed that the stretching and sapling exercises have significant effect on the balance and gait in Parkinson disease.