Journal of Isfahan Medical School
Year:2011 | Volume:29 | Issue:125|Papers Count:5

Background: Previous studies in Iran used the World Health Organization (WHO) cut-off points to determine visceral obesity and no studies used the suggested cut-off points. This study was performed to investigate the correlates of central obesity based on the optimal cut-off values in a representative population of women.Methods: In a cross-sectional study of 926 women aged 40-60 years, usual dietary intakes were assessed by means of a semi quantative food frequency questionnaire. Demographic data and anthropometric indices were collected according to standard protocols. The suggested cut-off points for waistto-hip ratio (WHR ³0.84) were used to determine the correlates of visceral obesity. The components of dietary intakes were determined by factor analysis.Findings: Mean WHR was 0.82±0.06. There was a higher tendency for central obesity among less active women (odds ratio: 2.11; 95% confidence interval: 1.40-2.53). Depression (1.36; 1.02-1.93), smoking (1.21; 1.02-1.56), and unemployment (1.41; 1.13-1.72) were correlated with central adiposity. Marriage (1.31; 1.10-1.82), menopause (1.22; 1.02-1.61), low vitamin C intake (2.31; 1.25-4.25), and low calcium intake (1.30; 1.07-3.78) were also associated with central fat accumulation. We found an inverse relationship between dairy consumption and central obesity (r=-0.2, P<0.05).Conclusion: Since adverse fat accumulation is associated with increasing age, unemployment, marriage, parity and poor lifestyle factors like inactivity, smoking, depression, low intake of vitamin C and calcium, and high fat consumption, lifestyle modifications should be encouraged to achieve a healthier body shape.

Background: Cardiovascular disease is one of the most prevalent diseases in the world and it is expected to be the main cause of death by 2020. The aim of this study was providing geographical distribution map of the rate of death caused by cardiovascular diseases in the cities of Isfahan province, Iran, during 2005 to 2009.Methods: The rate of all the deaths in Isfahan province within 2005 to 2009 was provided. The collected data was used to find out the rate of deaths due to cardiovascular diseases and preparing geographical distribution maps. Then, by putting down the death rates for different sexes (men and women), the geographical distribution map for deaths with regards to cardiovascular diseases was drawn.Findings: Death rates due to cardiovascular problems were higher in main and central cities of the province. Death rate was higher in men than women.Conclusion: The observed model main and central cities is probably due to unsuitable diet, lack of motion, using new technologies and environmental pollutions including existence of some elements due to environmental pollutants such as industries, transportations of vehicles and air pollution, which are more prevalent in the main cities of the province. Also, due to existence of medical university centers and more health facilities in the main cities of the province, such as Isfahan, Najafabad, Borkhar and Maymeh, the registration system for deaths and diagnosing the causes of deaths are more accurate than other cities and towns of the province. The difference between two sexes could be due to in heritage, male hormones, some social factors, increasing fat around abdomen in men, exciting or even offensive behaviors in men, ignoring weight increase in men as compared to women and smoking.

Background: Esophagenctomy is the principle treatment for esophageal and gastroesophageal junction malignancies. Postoperative respiratory failure and other respiratory problems like athelectasis and severe hypoxia occur frequently after esophageal cancer surgeries. Such patients mostly need ICU care and mechanical ventilation. The aim of present study was to evaluate mean duration of mechanical ventilation and its predictor factors during esophageal resection in middle and distal esophageal cancers.Methods: This cross sectional analytic study performed in Al Zahra hospital, Isfahan on medical records of 70 patients with middle and distal esophageal cancer operated by transhiatal method in Department of Thoracic Surgery. Patient’s age, sex, tumor location, duration of mechanical ventilation, duration of operation, spirometry findings (FEV1), weight loss, need for transfusion, and serum albumin level on admission extracted from medical charts. Finally all data were analyzed by SPSS16 using chi-square and t tests.Findings: Patient’s mean age was 60.71±11.81 years and 64.3% of them were men. Pathologically, 43 patients (61.4%) and 26 patients (37.1%) were diagnosed by SCC and adenocarcinoma respectively. Totally frequency of complications were 41.4%, and 7.1% of subjects were died within first 30 days.15 patients (21.4%) were mechanically ventilated after surgery with mean duration of 1.34 day. Mean duration of mechanical ventilation showed no association with intraoperative pleural rapture, intraoperative blood transfusion, anastomosis leakage, type of pathology, postoperative anastomotic stricture, and empyema. However mean duration of mechanical ventilation were significantly higher in died patients within 30 days after surgery, reintubated subjects, patients with serum albumin level of less than 3.5 g/dl, and patients with less than 2 liter FEV1. Among quantitative variables, only FEV1 were associated with mean duration of mechanical ventilation.Conclusion: As our data showed hypoalbuminemia (which reflects subsequent malnutrition) and less than 2 liter FEV1 is correlates with prolonged mechanical ventilation (and probably more mortality) it is recommended to improve nutritional condition as well as pulmonary function preoperatively to shortened duration of mechanical ventilation and prohibit mortality rate.

Background: The metabolic syndrome is characterized by a group of metabolic risk factors at increased risk of coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes. Obese children with metabolic syndrome have at least three of these risk factors. Since the lifestyle changed resulting in the obesity of Iranian children, this syndrome became one of the important concerns in these age groups. There have been many researches on the relationship between this syndrome and number of blood cells in children. However, it was not considered in Iran to some extent. Since the number of blood cells is a counting variable, using traditional statistical methods ends up with erroneous inferences. In this paper, the generalized Poisson model was used to identify the effect of metabolic syndrome on the number of (red and white) blood cells.Methods: 292 obese children in the age group of 6 to 12 years old participated in the children Hospital of Isfahan Medical University for this cross-sectional Study. Metabolic syndrome characteristics were analyzed considering coronary and growth parameters.Findings: Generalized Poisson model, as the best fitting model on the count data, showed that the following two factors, BMI and ratio between triglyceride and HDL-C, significantly affect the number of white blood cells; the ratio between cholesterol and HDL-C, the ratio between triglyceride and HDL-C and the ratio between LDL-C and HDL-C had a significant effect on the number of red blood cells.Conclusion: This study shows that some of the characteristics of metabolic syndrome affect the number of blood cells.

Background: In this article, we report a non consanguineous normal couple that had a history of one abortion and a death of 3 years old daughter.Case report: After genetic counseling and drawing the familial pedigree, we found that man's mother had history of 3 abortions and 2 death of newborns in her non consanguineous marriage. The man has two normal brothers with completely different morphology, body mass index, and facial features from the proband. Chromosomal study with GC-Banding method on proband's whole blood samples show a pericentric inversion of chromosome 9, [Inv (9) (p11-q13)], in the man but the woman had normal karyotype. Then chromosomal analysis was performed for man's mother and she was carrier of this rearrangement such as her son too. Because of non cooperation of other family members, the chromosomal study on other members of family was not possible.Conclusion: Pericentric inversion of chromosome 9 [Inv (9) (p11-q13)] is one of the frequent chromosomal rearrangements which is consider to be a normal variant with prevalence of 1-3% in population. Although it seems not to correlate with abnormal phenotypes, there have been many controversial reports indicating that it may lead to abnormal clinical conditions such as infertility, congenital heart disease, still birth and dysmorphic features in carriers due to important genes exist in this region that have key rols in gametogenesis, organogenesis and metabolism. In addition, pericentric inversions cause derangement in mating pf homologue chromosomes in meiosis lead to production of abnormal gametes.