JOURNAL OF ISFAHAN MEDICAL SCHOOL (I.U.M.S)
Year:2017 | Volume:35 | Issue:418|Papers Count:7

Background: Sepsis is one the ten main causes of death in hospitalized patients. Due to high prevalence of sepsis and other related syndromes, adverse effects of this syndrome and high rate of death due to sepsis in patients admitted to Alzahra Hospital, Isfahan, Iran, we decided to evaluate associated factors, demographic data, and underlying diseases which may develop sepsis in patients referred to this hospital.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study on 229 patients with criteria of sepsis referred to Alzahra hospital during 2011-15. Demographic characteristics were recorded. Patients were evaluated base on the immunity status. Patients' blood, urine, and wound specimens underwent culture. P<0.05 was considered as significant.Findings: The mean age of patients was 69.17±17.84 years.52% of patients were male and 48% were female.The mean age and duration of hospitalization were 71.82±17.27 years and 9.93±9.55 days among dead and 85.43±18.06 years and 13.40±9.70 days among improved patients (P=0.007 and P=0.008, respectively).Immunodeficiency did not play significant role in prognosis of sepsis (P=0.795) while the etiology of pneumonia (P=0.030) and being bedridden (P<0.001) had significant role in prognosis of sepsis.Conclusion: According to this study, age, being bedridden, underlying disease, and also immunodeficiency can be considered as independent factors for sepsis prognosis.

Background: Sexual satisfaction and marital satisfaction, two markers of marital relationship, are influenced by many factors. Among them, role of economic and demographic factors on marital satisfaction has mentioned nearly; but there are few evidences about this issue, especially the effect of economic factors on sexual satisfaction in Iranian women. Accordingly, this study aimed to determine the relationship of economic and demographic factors with sexual and marital satisfaction in women referred to health centers affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Iran.Methods: This descriptive analytic study conducted on 200 women at randomly selected health centers during 2015-2016. Research instruments were a researcher-made demographic, Larson sexual satisfaction, and socioeconomic questionnaires and Hudson marital index. Data were analyzed via SPSS software using independent t, Pearson’s correlation, one-way ANOVA and linear regression tests.Findings: Couple age, marriage age, couple’s educational level, finance index, and women’s independent income were correlated with sexual satisfaction (P<0.050 for all). Men’s educational level, finance index and women’s independent income were correlated with marital satisfaction (P<0.050). Linear regression showed that finance index had the strongest relationship with sexual and marital satisfaction (P<0.001).Conclusion: Economic and demographic conditions are effective on sexual and marital satisfaction. Similar studies by sampling both public and private centers are suggested; so, more people would be covered with a variety of economic conditions.

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are single strand and short non-coding RNAs involved in post-transcription expression of genes. MiRNAs exhibited a substantial role in numerous cellular processes including cell proliferation, differentiation, cell cycle, apoptosis, and cancer development by negative regulation of tumor suppressor or oncogenic genes. Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in world. Several studies reveal that miR-182-5p is up-regulated in breast cancer.Methods: MiR-182-5p blockage was performed using locked nucleic acid (LNA) technology in human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7). After blockage, miR-182-5p expression, cell proliferation, apoptosis and necrosis were measured. MiR-182-5p expression was assessed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) at 24, 48, and 72 hour after locked nucleic acid anti-miR-182-5p transfection. Moreover, 3- (4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl) -2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and annexin/propidium iodide staining were evaluated. Findings: MiR-182-5p expression decreased at 24, 48, and 72 hours after transfection in the locked nucleic acid group compared to control groups. Cell viability was statistically different between locked nucleic acid and control groups. In the locked nucleic acid group, due to miR-182-5p inhibition, apoptosis ratio increased more than the other groups. Similarly, necrosis ratio in the locked nucleic acid group increased more than the other groups.Conclusion: In this study, miR-182-5p blockage reduced cell viability in MCF-7 cells chiefly due to induction of apoptosis and necrosis. Our results can help translational medicine for investigation on antisense therapy in human breast cancer.

Background: Available data about the prognostic factors in children with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are controversial. The goal of our study was to determine the prognostic factors of outcome in children with ARDS.Methods: In this cross sectional study, 88 children with ARDS in Imam Hossein children hospital, Isfahan, Iran, were recruited in a period of 2 years. According to outcomes, patient allocated into two groups of deceased and discharged. Patients’ characteristics including age and gender, underlying disorders, parameters of mechanical ventilations, arterial blood gas, organ involvement, and pediatric risk of mortality (PRISM) score were compared between the two groups.Findings: Higher PRISM score, higher positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and peak inspiratory pressure (PIP), and presence of other organ involvement were predictive factors of mortality (P<0.05). However, age, gender, length of stay, weight, partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2), and partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) were not different significantly between the two groups (P>0.05).Conclusion: The PRISM score was a reliable predictor for mortality rate among the patients with ARDS in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU).

Background: Female infertility is a problem that affects almost every aspect of women's lives. Infertile women usually experience stress, anxiety and depression. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of Iranian-Islamic positive therapy on depression, anxiety, and stress of infertile women.Methods: This research was a two-group quasi-experimental study in Isfahan city, Iran, with pretest-posttest method and three-month follow-up.30 infertile women referring to Isfahan Fertility and Infertility Center were selected via purposeful sampling and were randomly assigned to Iranian-Islamic positive therapy and control groups. The data collection tool was Depression anxiety stress scales (DASS-42) questionnaire. Findings: Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) showed that post-test and follow-up stress, anxiety, and depression were significantly less in experimental group (P<0.010).Conclusion: This study showed to Iranian-Islamic positive therapy is effective in reducing depression, anxiety, and stress of infertile women in short- and long-term follow up.

Background: Delinquency means occurring actions or behaviors that are against the rules and values of a community. It is believed that knowing factors related to delinquency is the most effective issue for crime prevention. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship of psychological disorders and socioeconomic factors with the juvenile delinquency.Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 88 young (44 young offenders residing in the correction and rehabilitation center and 44 high-school teenagers aged between 15-18 years). Information on demographic, familial, and socioeconomic factors were collected by a self-made questionnaire and psychological data was gathered using attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity (ADHD), anxiety, and depression questionnaires. Data was analyzed using chi-square test. Findings: Psychological disorders including anxiety (P<0.001) and depression (P<0.001) were significantly higher in offenders compared to non-offenders. The proportion of those who had a history of away from home (P=0.001), drug abuse (P<0.001), divorce in parents (P<0.001), delinquency in family (P<0.0001), physical punishment (P=0.032), drug abuse in family (P=0.001), having an offender friend (P=0.002), and aggression (P=0.004) in offenders was significantly higher. The educational level of participants (P<0.001) and their parents (P=0.037), and family income (P=0.001) were lower in offenders. Independent and significant associations between drug abuse and anxiety with juvenile delinquency were observed in logistic regression model.Conclusion: Psychological disorders, familial factors, cultural level, and socioeconomic status were associated with juvenile delinquency. In addition to these factors, individual behaviors such as drug abuse and anxiety were very important factors in occurrence of juvenile delinquency and appropriate interventions in this issue are recommended.

The effects of mobile phone exposure on humans, due to its potential health hazards, have become the focus of interest since many years ago. The effect of global system for mobile communications (GSM 900 MHz) on growth and proliferation rate of mesenchymal stem cells was assessed at the different distances and intensities of radiation. A subscriber identity module (SIM) card was inserted to this system and irradiation of human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) during different exposure times (6, 15, 30, and 50 minutes with interval time of 10 minutes) at different distances from the antenna was done. Two tests [3- (4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl) -2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT assay) and trypan blue] were performed to investigate the proliferation rate and cell viability. The proliferation rates and cell viability of hADSCs were significantly lower than control. No mechanism is proposed to explain the effects of this radiation yet. Further investigations with other intensities and frequencies are suggested.