Journal of Psychology
Year:2015 | Volume:19 | Issue:2 (74)|Papers Count:9

Research data indicates that major depression patients were suffering from deficits in cognitive functions such as memory, attention, information processing. False memory in depression is a challenging issue in this area of research. Investigation of auditory and visual false memory in these patients is the purpose of present article. The selected samples in this causal-compa ative study include 21 patients suffering from major depression according to DSMIV-TR criteria and 21 normal subjects who were matched by age, sex, and socio-economic status. The instruments were included the Beck’s Depression Inventory, the Beck’s Anxiety Inventory, the Visual and Verbal False Memories Tasks which prepared according to the Deese-Roediger- McDe mott’s (DRM) paradigm. The results indicate that depressed patients produced more false memories (both verbal and visual) than the normal control subjects in both verbal and visual tasks. The findings of this research are interpretable within the framework of the cognitive theories of depression.

This research aims to compare regulation of emotions between substance abusers and normal people. 200 participants (100 substance abusers and 100 normal in control group) were chosen through convenience sampling method. All Participant completed the Difficulty in Emotional Regulation Scale (DERS). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (MANOVA), and revealed that. In emotional regulation there were significant differences in the Non-acceptance, impulsiveness, and strategies subscales between substance abusers and the control group. Results of this research emphasize the importance of emotional regulation problems in substance abusers.

The aim of this study was to investigate relationships between achievement goal orientations, satisfying basic psychological needs, and subjective vitality in students. 298 students (142 boys and 156 girls) were selected by multi stage cluster sampling method from high school in Shiraz city. Subjects filled out the Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction Scale, general version, (Gagné), the Achievement Goal Questionnaire (Elliot & - McGregor) and the State Subjective Vitality Scale (Ryan & Frederick). Finding showed positive relationship between basic psychological needs and vitality. Also, approach goal orientations showed positive correlation and avoidance goal orientations showed negative correlation with vitality. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed that the need of autonomy, competence, relatedness, performance-approach and master-avoidance goals, predict students’ vitality, respectively. Results indicated that in terms of the students’ subjective vitality the role of satisfying basic psychological needs is more important than the goal orientations.

The present study investigated the relationships between perfectionism and feeling of fatigue and it’s dimensions. 400 undergraduate students of Tabriz university, were selected by the random multi-stage cluster sampling method. They filled the Fatingue Impact Scale and the Hill’s Perfectionism Inventory (PI). Analyzing data was performed via multiple regression analysis. Research findings revealed that perfectionism predicted cognitive, physical, social and total fatigue, significantly. It predicted 29%-39% of variance of fatigue dimensions and total fatigue. Based on the results of this study, one way propuse that focusing on the role of perfectionism could be an important part of therapeutic interventions for the people with chronic fatigue syndrome.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of load and capacity of working memory on cognitive control processes in the Stroop Task. 90 students of Payame Noor university of Tabas did working memory task and according to their results put into two groups. Each of these two groups performed the Stroop Task on two situations; In the first phase low load condition (present simple mathematical equations between successive attempts of the Stroop Task has been translated into Persian without the need to resolve them) and in the second situation high load (simple math equations presented in the Stroop Task and the need decisions regarding the accuracy of the answers given by pressing a button). Results of MANOVA on the reaction time to the congruent stimuli, reaction time to uncongruent stimuli did not show any difference between two groups with high and low working memory capacity at the first situation. Howevere, the difference between the number of correct and incorrect responses between the two groups using chi-square test was significant. In the second experimental situation, the group with high working memory capacity were clearly better. It was also revealed that increasing the working memory load in the group with low working memory capacity led to increases interference and reduces the number of correct responses.

The main purpose of present study was to investigate the relationship between contextual variable (perception of classroom environment) and individual variable (optimism) with positive youth development. 600 students (251 boys, 349 girls) selected through cluster sampling method, completed instruments which consisted of, the perception of My Class Activity Scale (MCA, Gentry, Gable, & Rizza, 2002), the Life Qrientation Test (LOT, the Scheier & Carver, 1995) and the Positive Youth Development Questionnarie (PYD). Results of stepwise regression showed that each of contextual and individual variables has a significant relationship on positive development of students and (interest, optimism, selection) have explained 26 percent of variance of positive development. Based on the findings of present research, contextual variables (interest, selection) have more positive relation to positive youth development in comparison of individual variable. In general, contextual (structure of class) and individual factors are able to predict positive youth development.

The purpose of this research was to study of trend and content of the articles published in the Journal of Psychology, which as one of the first Iranian scientific journals in the feild of psychology, has followed a general approach for publication of subjects. The research method using for this study was content analysis. For this purpose, all 60 issues of the journal were analyzed for determination of subject areas, research methods, the statistical methods used in the articles, the frequency distribution of citations to papers in Persian and English articles, and also the rate of article using in the new and old articles. The study population was all articles published in the Journal of Psychology from spring 1996 to winter 2012. which includ 60 issues, and 352 articles. Content analysis check list was used as instrument in this study. The results showed that the most frequent subjects used were psychology of health, education and treatment effectiveness approaches, personality, learning and educational achievement and psychometrics. In terms of research method correlation methods, experimental, attitude survey, and retrospective studies respectively were the most using methods. In terms of statistical methods, correlation methods, analysis of variance, and t-tests had the highest frequency. Finally, analysing the references used in the journal showed that the rates of using foreign references were more than the Persian references. It was also found that single author articles gradually led in to collaborative articles.