Social Welfare
Year:2002 | Volume:1 | Issue:4|Papers Count:10

According to the third-development program in 1379, government was obliged, to design a suitable social security policy and submit it to the parliament for final approval. During recent weeks and after nearly a two-year delay, a bill was edited by government and sent to the Islamic parliament. This long - term delay indicates the serious differences in the field of law – making and necessary framework for common policy designing. In this article, the writer discusses the controversies in law - making, the third - development program, analyzing and evaluating the current health care and social security, different viewpoints and styles and so on.

In contemporary of social science, many thesis and ideas were discussed from the viewpoint of citizenship. This article with a historical approach to the citizenship is trying to provide some definitions and social attitudes to gain social welfare. In order to do this, we have to represent some definitions about citizenship and a tendency toward self - orienting among boys, civil Republican, and Marshal Marx theories and so on. Different approaches indicate a bilateral relationship between citizenship and social welfare. Some viewpoints have called social welfare as a part of citizenship, and named it as a law, while some others announced availability of various facilities as a framework to citizenship. Thus in the framework of citizenship we can directly obtain social welfare Also indirectly through obtaining social welfare in different people we can prepare a ground of citizenship.

In this article, the writers have posed some questions and critical points to the orthodox neo classic economic theory and tried to represent the reasons or a "Social Capital" theory. They have pointed to this fact that the concept of "Social Capital" can fill the existing gap between neo-classic economy theory and viewpoints concerning development. This article described the concept of social capital, the history of the Concept and theory and mentioned some of its achievements in brief.

The research discussed in this article consists of the Process ended to propos a structure for social welfare and security which took more than 11months in social security research institute. The main topics discussed are as follows:1- The importance of social security and its relationship to economic growth, social justice, human generosity and national honor.2- The basis and opportunities towards different attitudes about social welfare and security, policy.3- The portrait of current Iran social security policy in Iran.4- Social security in international organizations and some chosen countries.5- Social security and its socio - economic viewpoints in Iran.6- Choosing the viewpoints, bases, and suitable ideas for Iran and portrait of suitable conditions.The results of this research led to preparing an act on comprehensive social welfare and security that are discussed in some points.

This article deals with budgets social of and health cares and social security during the last two decades and brings their its influence on social welfare into consideration. The author lays emphasis on an increasing growth in social expenditures after the Islamic Revolution of Iran. The author continues discussing credibility ratio from GDP and sets up a series of analyses, and comes to this conclusion that the growth hasn't raised more than $4 per person which doesn't seem enough for Iranian citizens.

The psychological effects and mental health issues in natural disaster is one of the most important affairs which have got less attention. There have been a great amount of health and social policies confronting with these physically and financially problem is. This selection deals with the importance of mental health in natural disasters and the lack of psychiatrists psychologists and counselors skillful in these fields. International and domestic researches, observation results in different earthquake areas and performing clinical interviews, all together result in inevitable harms to minds and feelings in natural disasters. It is obvious that the presence of officials, psychologists psychiatrists, and social workers will be of great advantage in face to face speaking with and providing supports for persons afflicted by natural disasters.

Ecstasy is one of the newest drugs in the same category with Amphetamines which has stimulating effects in the same families of Amphetamines and LSD.There hasn't been a structured and organized study on this drug in Iran. It has been used in great scale in all western countries. Studies at San Fransisco and Australia with snowballing method, revealed that this drug is used by active young people as a symbol of recreation, leisure and social level and is commonly accepted by the society. According to a survey in Oslow, The average usage of this drug at about 3% during the year will rank second after cannabis with the average use of 12.9%. Most of users became addicted to cannabis first and taking this drug when they listening to music. Using this drug had an increasing growth all over the world and Iran, and it is used in mostly of in some teenagers and young genera ton parties in Iran.

In order to evaluate the economic performance of rehabilitation centers for addicted persons, the welfare organization asked all its centers to send the expense table of Esfand 79-80 and fill out the information wanted there. The economic analysis is based upon this information.Also, each center is provided with a questionnaire to estimate monthly expenses. According to the preventive scale of drug abuse in all the clients, it will be easier to estimate the profit drawn of this factor.The most important findings were as follows: 1- The average expense of treatment during every visit was about 246,897 Rls in 1380.2- The average expense of drug usage was 600,000 Rls.3- Estimating the avoidance of drug using shows the benefit drawn of it which had an average about 787,000 Rls.4- According to this fact, the average profit was 3.2 Rls in per any rial expended.