Journal of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences
Year:2018 | Volume:20 | Issue:4 |Papers Count:12

Background and aims: Cardiovascular disease espicially myocardial infarction are the most prevalant causes mortality in the world. It seems nutrition knowledge and physical activity level is association with cardiovascular disease and reduces its risk factor. However, it was not assessed this relationship in woman with myocardial infarction. The aim of this study was to investigate relationship between nutrition knowledge and physical activity level with risk factors in woman with myocardial infarction. Methods: This study was a semi-experimental research. 150 women with myocardial infarction disease (mean, age, 64. 47± 9. 32 years) referred to Rasht hospitals were selected by convenience sampling. Assessment of physical activity level and nutrition knowledge was conducted using Beck and Paramenter-Wardel Physical Activity and Nutrition Knowledge questionnaires, respectively. Measurement of blood lipid (LDL-C, triglyceride, HDL-C and cholesterol) was conducted after 12 hours fasting and also BMI, WHR and blood pressure were collected from all participants. Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients were used to analyze the relationship between the data using SPSS and P-value of (P<0. 05) was considered statistically significant. Results: The result showed that there is not a significant relationship between nutrition knowledge and physical activity level of patient with their TG, TC, LDL-C, and WHR (P>0. 05). However, there was a significant positive relationship between nutrition knowledge and physical activity with HDL-C. Also, there was a significant inverse correlation between nutrition knowledge and physical activity with systolic blood pressure (P<0. 05). Conclusion: According to the results, it seemed that appropriate nutrition knowledge and physical activity level can be effective to improve lipid profile and systolic blood pressure in woman with myocardial infarction. More studies are required for investigate other confounding factors in these women.

Background and aims: Vibrio cholerae is a gram-negative bacterial pathogen that causes diarrheal disease. One of the most important factors in the pathogenesis is Vibrio cholera. Pili also is co-regulated with toxin, which is necessary for bacterial colonization in intestine. The aim of this study was to examine recombinant protein expression and TcpA bioinformatics. Methods: TcpA gene was studied for rare Codons existence and gene optimization conducted using bioinformatics software. Primers designed for amplification of synthetic tcpA gene. Synthetic gene was cloned in vector pET32a (+). The recombinant plasmid pET32a (+)-tcpA was transformed to E. coli strain BL21 (DE3). TcpA gene expression was induced by IPTG 1mM. Recombinant protein expression was evaluated using SDS PAGE and Western blotting. Ni-NTA affinity chromatography was used for purification of recombinant protein. Results: Codon adaptability index of naive tcpA gene was 0. 6, while optimized gene had Codon adaptability index of 0. 9. The prevalence ratio Codons increased to 75 percent through Codon optimization. Enzyme analysis approved tcpA gene cloning in pET32a (+) expression vector. A protein with a molecular weight of 38. 6 kD was seen on SDS-PAGE and its reaction with the antihistidine antibodies was confirmed by Western blot. The purified protein amount was 11. 533milligram per liter. Conclusion: Optimization led to the expression of recombinant tcpA. Regarding tcpA antigenicity, this protein is a good candidate to develop immunity against cholera gene.

Background and aims: This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of spinacetin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, a flanovid compound separated from Centurea shmidi against MCF-7 breast cancer cell line and its effect on apoptosis induction. Methods: In this study, the inhibition rate of cell growth and induction of apoptosis in MCF-7 cell culture cells after treatment with different concentrations of spinostine glycoside was studied by MTT and flow cytometry. Results: According to the results of MTT test, after 48 hours treatment with spinostin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, a significant inhibition in cell proliferation was observed compared to the control group (P <0. 05). The results of the study of apoptosis in the flow cytometry assay showed that the derived flavonoid increased significantly the apoptosis in MCF-7 breast cancer cell line (P<0. 05). Conclusion: The derived flavonoid of spinacetin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside significantly inhibited MCF-7 proliferation and induced apoptosis. So, it could be suggested as a compound for breast cancer therapy.

Background and aims: Increase in the number of white blood cells is called leukocytosis which usually can be seen after exercise. This study aimed to investigate the effect of creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase on young men's leukocytosis after a session of high intensity interval exercise in the morning and evening. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 11 sport sciences male students participated. Subjects in two separate sessions at an interval of three days performed high-intensity interval exercise (Based on maximum heart rate) in the morning and evening. In each session, blood samples were taken before and immediately after performing the exercise protocol. Repeated measures analysis of variance and dependent t-test were used to compare changes of variables levels. The relationship between variables were evaluated by Pearson correlation coefficient and the level of statistical significance was set at P<0. 05. Results: The results showed that the concentration of creatine kinase after exercise in the morning (P=0. 025), lactate dehydrogenase in the evening (P=0. 01), the number of total leukocytes, neutrophils and lymphocytes in both morning and evening (P<0. 05) significantly increased. Significant difference in pre-test and post-test was observed in leukocytes and neutrophils counts (P<0. 05), and no difference in levels of creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase between the morning and evening (P>0. 05). There was Significant correlation between creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase with lymphocytes in the evening (P<0. 05). Conclusion: The results showed that the muscle damage caused by high-intensity interval exercise in the evening is associated with changes in leukocytes and it seems that the exercise-induced leukocytosis partly could be due to increased indirect markers of muscle damage.

Background and aims: The most complaints of Video Display Terminals (VDT) users are visual fatigue. Inadequate sleep quality is one of the factors that affect one's occupational performance. Since low sleep quality, visual fatigue and inappropriate lighting cause errors and reduce accuracy in work, so the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between lighting and visual fatigue and the relationship between visual fatigues and sleep quality. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 191 VDT users in various occupations in 2016 and Lux meter device was used to measure the lighting. Pittsburg sleep quality and visual fatigue questionnaires were used. The results were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: The average of eye fatigue score before and after work were 0. 72± 1. 03 and 2. 66± 2. The mean intensity of lighting was 345. 34± 274. 3 Lux and Sleep Quality Index score was 6. 29± 2. 67. There was no significant correlation between lighting and difference of visual fatigue (P=0. 552, r=-0. 043). The relationship between eye fatigue and sleep quality score was significant (P<0. 001, r=0. 33). There was no significant relationship between lighting and sleep quality (P=0. 572, r=-0. 041). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that visual fatigue and sleep quality have a reverse relationship. As visual fatigue increased in VDT users, the status of sleep quality became weaker, so that visual fatigue, along with complaints of pain, pressure, and blurred vision, increasing the number of errors during job tasks and thus disrupting the work. Therefore, in order to improve these problems, it is necessary to pay attention to the durat ion of sleep at night and the related parameters.

Background and aims: Autism is a neuro-developmental disorder that impresses on social interaction, verbal and nonverbal communication and stereotyped behavioral patterns. The aim of this study was to examine whether risperidone plus Pivotal response treatment would be superior to risperidone only on behavioral problems. Methods: The research method was quasi-experimental with case-control. Thirty four children diagnosed with ASD according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-V) was randomly divided into two groups: A RIS treatment group (n=18) and a RIS plus PRT (n=16). Behavioral problems were evaluated with the Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC). Assessment of ABC was performed in three phases, immediately before, after of the treatments and following (3 months after of the treatments). Results: Results showed ABC scores were decreased in both groups after 3 months compared with the scores prior to treatment (P<0. 05). Also, there was no significant difference in following measures of the ABC's subscale between the two groups, in expect of stereotypic behavior subscale (P=0. 017). Data were analyzed using independent t-test, Covarience, and Repeated measured t-test. Conclusion: Medication can reduce behavioral problems in children with ASD. Treatment with RIS combined with PRT may result in reducing inappropriate speech in children with autism than RIS training alone. Therefore, the combination of RIS plus PRT is recommended for controlling and treating this disorder.

Background and aims: This paper investigates the relationship between patellar position and iliotibial band length with body mass index (BMI) in the patients with anterior knee pain. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in the patients of two groups with anterior knee pain, one with high BMI (mean of 29. 8), and the mean age of 37 years old and the other with normal BMI (mean BMI of 22. 6) and mean age of 30 years old. The main outcome measures were pain intensity (VAS), knee ROM, patellar position and iliotibial band length that they were evaluated and compared in the groups. Independent sample t-test, and Pearson Correlation test were applied to analyze the data. Results: The iliotibial band length showed a statistically significant difference between the groups, high BMI and normal (P=0. 034). There were also significant differences in the knee flexion range and extension lag (respectively, P=0. 037 and P=0. 008). Pearson correlation test showed a significant inverse correlation between BMI and positive Ober test results (r=-0. 57 and P=0. 0001). Also, a reverse correlation was observed between BMI and tightness of ITB (r=-0. 55 and P=0. 01) as well as a positive correlation between tightness of ITB and pain intensity in patient with high BMI (r=0. 67 and P=0. 001). Conclusion: The results of this study showed a positive correlation between tightness of ITB and the motional limitation of BMI in patients with anterior knee pain, but there was no significant correlation between BMI and the position of the patella.

Background and aims: Klebsiella oxytoca is an opportunistic pathogen which damages intestinal epithelium through producing cytotoxin. Cytotoxin is one of the important pathogenic factors, which plays a role in the virulence of this bacterium. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and determination of antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Klebsiella oxytoca strains isolated from inpatient and outpatient patients. Methods: In this analytical-descriptive study, a total of 75 isolates of K. oxytoca were isolated from various clinical samples (urine, stool, blood, wound and respiratory secretions), and after performing standard microbiological tests and using PCR method they were verified as K. oxytoca. Susceptibility testing of isolates was performed by disc diffusion method according to criteria recommended by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Data were analyzed using SPSS software and statistical tests. Results: Of all the 75 isolates, 7 K. oxytoca strains isolated from the stool cultures, eleven strains isolated from the blood cultures, two strains isolated from the wound cultures, and 51 strains isolated from the urine cultures and four K. oxytoca strains isolated from the respiratory secretions. Antibiotic susceptibility test results showed the highest and lowest resistance was related to ticarcillin (81. 3%), meropenem and imipenem (1. 3%), respectively. A multi-drug resistant strain was isolated from the urine of a hospitalized woman. Conclusion: In total, the results of this study showed that the isolation and identification of K. oxytoca strains is important and determination of the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of these isolates is necessary in order to prevent the increase of antibiotic resistance and the emergence of multi drug resistance strains of K. oxytoca.

Background and aims: Myrtus communis has certain effects including anti-anxiety, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and hypnotic. The aim of this study was to investigate the phythochemical and anesthesia effects of M. communis essential oil co-administration with thiopental in male rat were investigated. Methods: In this experimental study, 24 male rats were randomly divided to three groups of 8 each, consisting of M. communis (MC) (500 mg/kg), thiopental (T) (40 mg/kg), and M. communis + thiopental (MCT) (500 and 40 mg/kg, respectively). Duration of induction and Surgical Anesthesia (SA), walking time, heart rate, respiratory rate, temperature and depth of anesthesia (by withdrawal reflexes) were measured from 0 to 55 minutes. Results: MC could not induce SA. T induced anesthesia had group insignificantly faster than MCT (P>0. 05). Duration of anesthesia in T group was shorter and recovery was faster compared to MCT group (P<0. 05). All groups had the same heart rate (P>0. 05). The respiratory rate and temperature (between 30 to 55 mints) in MCT group had a significant decrease compared with the other groups (P<0. 05). MC inhibited lip, tail and pedal pinches more weakly than T and MC (P<0. 05). Conclusion: MC essential oil potentiates duration of T-induced anesthesia. With respect to pharmacological effects, MC could be used as a preanesthetic agent with T. Besides. More studies are needed to determine their efficacy to induce anesthesia in human.

Background and aims: Cell death is a scientific area which has drawn tremendous attention in recent years. Under normal physiological conditions, cells maintain this balance via different pathways including, apoptosis, autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum response and etc. The smallest defect in preservation of this balance may result in diseases such as infertility. Since, etiology of many cases of infertility is unknown; scientists have tried to achieve a better understanding of cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying production and death of male gametes, in an effort to overcome this complication. Methods: For this review, all relevant information was collected via databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar during the period 1998-2016. Results: Cell death phenomenon appears to be a permanent feature in the testis and during early embryo development. Recently, three cell death pathways; apoptosis, autophagy and ferroptosis are known to be involved in physiological and pathological phenomena. Conclusion: Conducting more investigations and paying more attention to different mechanisms of cell death in testis and sperm could lead to impressive improvement in understanding etiology of male infertility.