Hormozgan Medical Journal
Year:2012 | Volume:15 | Issue:4|Papers Count:15

Introduction: Promoting patient's quality of life must be the main goal of medical interferences. The increased need and demand for heart surgery, indicates the importance of caring about patients and their quality of life. This study was carried out to investigate the quality of life after heart surgery in Bandar Abbas hospital.Methods: In this descriptive study, the quality of life among 100 patients after heart surgery was investigated. The data was collected using the SF-36 questionnaire which had 36 questions divided into 8 categories. The scores were between 0 to 100, the higher scores indicate better quality of life. The SPSS was used to analyze the date.Results: The average score among male patients was higher than females. The findings show significant relationship between both sexes in physical health, mental limitations, physical pain, and mental health. Also there was significant relationship between diseased and general health, physical pain and social activates P<0.05. There was also significant relationship between education level and general health, physical health, physical activity, mental limitation P<0.05. Higher education level showed higher scores.Conclusion: Although most patients express their general health in a good situation, we cannot confirm a good quality of life 3 months after surgery. More research should be carried out to investigate this matter.

Introduction: Malaria is one of the most important health problems in developing countries. Malaria is endemic in southeast of Iran including Chabahar Township. One of the malaria vectors in Iran is Anopheles Fluviatilis James as other part of world, which is a complex of at least three cryptic species provisionally, designated as species S, T, and U. These species are morphologically indistinguishable, but can be identified by examination of species-specific fixed inversions in the polytene chromosomes. The aim of this study was to identify species composition of An. Fluviatilis complex using sequence analysis of D3 and ITS2 loci.Methods: Specimens were captured using the methods of total catch, pit shelter, and human/animal night bite. The extraction of DNA was done. We then analyzed the sequence variation of the two loci of 28S D3- and ITS2-rDNA. Identification by phylogenetic trees and comparison of sequences with entries available in Gene Bank were carried out.Results: We determined, in this study, both ITS2 and D3 loci and produced 514 bp and 376bp bands. Sequence analysis of ITS2 region revealed that the specimens of Chabahar district were match to the Y and T2 haplotypes of the complex, both identical with An. Fluviatilis T. Furthermore, D3 sequencing determined that U species is also present in Chabahar district.Conclusion: The present study revealed the presence of An. Fluviatilis U which is a new species in Iran. So precaution needs to be taken before generalization of results of an area to other areas. The results could help malaria vector control program.

Introduction: The most important models used in analysis of survival data is proportional hazards models. Applying this model requires establishment of the relevance proportional hazards assumption, otherwise it world lead to incorrect inference. This study aims to evaluate Cox and Weibull models which are used in identification of effective factors on survival time in acute leukemia.Methods: In a retrospective study the information on 197 patients with acute leukemia were collected. The proportional hazards models were used to identify effective factors on survival time. Goodness-of-fit test and two graphical procedures based on the scaled Schoenfeld residuals were used to evaluate the proportional hazards assumption of the Cox and Weibull models. Finally, to assess the accuracy of fitted models, Martingel residuals graphic method was applied for goodness of fit investigation. S-plus statistical package was used for analysis.Results: The results showed that the assumptions of proportional hazards for Cox and Weibull models are correct. Based on the models, variables such as, age, residence place, and WBC, showed significant effect on survival time (P<0.05). Finally, AIC criteria showed that Cox semi-parametric model had better fit on the survival data of the patients with acute leukemia.Conclusion: Assessing the Cox-snell and Martingel residuals plots showed that Cox model is more efficient than Weibull model for the survival time of the patients with acute leukemia. Significance of WBC factor in the model, indicate that control of this factor is effective in increasing patients' survival.

Introduction: Leishmania major is the undertaker organism for cutaneous leishmaniasis. The drugs used for the treatment of leishmaniasis have major side-effects or are not effective. S. Lavandulifolia and M. germanica leaves showed therapeatic effects, however there was no report on leishmanicidal character tics of these plants. The aim of the study was to assess the leishmanicidal activity of hydroalcohol extracts of S. Lavandulifolia and M. germanica leaves.Methods: Arial parts of S. Lavandulifolia and M. germanica leaves were collected from Chaharmahal and Bakhtiyari province and Shiraz city, and their hydroalcohol extracts were prepared. Leishmania major promastigotes were cultured in NNN culture medium. Leishmanicidal effects of these extracts in 50, 100, 250, 500, 1000 microgram per milliliter concentrations were evaluated by analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey's test.Results: Results showed that significant difference was between the different concentrations (P<0.05). The mean difference between various groups of S. Lavandulifolia was significant between 1000 and 50 (mg/ml) groups (P<0.05), while in M. Germanica leaf, the mean difference in 50 (mg/ml) group (P<0.05) and 100 (mg/ml) group (P<0.05) had a significant difference with 1000 (mg/ml) group. There was no significant difference between other groups. Also, statistical analyses showed no significant difference between these extracts and have similarity antileishmanial effects.Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that hydroalcohol extracts of S. Lavandulifolia and M. Germanica leaves are suitable plants to be assessed for leishmanicidal activity. Therefore, isolation of effective compounds and determination of their structures is recommended.

Introduction: Medicinal plants are important sources of antioxidants. Natural antioxidants increase the antioxidant capacity of the plasma and reduce the risk of certain diseases such as cancer, heart diseases and stroke. Synthetic antioxidants commonly used in processed foods have side effects and are toxic. Therefore, there is a need for more effective, less toxic and cost effective antioxidants derived from medicinal plants.Methods: The Stems and flower sample of plants were air-dried, finely ground and extracted by 70% ethanol for 48 hours. The antioxidant activity of three ethanolic extract of medicinal plants (Origanurm vulgare, Teucrium polium and Thymus daensis), were analyzed by five different methods including (1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazy l (DPPH) radical, 2, 2 -azinobis- (3- ethylbenzthiazoline -6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) radical cation, Ferricreducing antioxidant power assay (FRAP), phosphomolybdenum (PMB) and reducing power (RP). For determination of antioxidant components total phenolic content was analyzed.Results: The total phenolic content and flavonoid of medicinal plant extracts ranged from 97.7-140 mgE/g and 34.6-68 mg. Origanurm vulgare had the highest value of total phenol and flavonoid content. There was significant variation in total phenol value of Origanurm vulgare and Thymus daensis (P<0.05). Origanurm vulgare showed highest activities in ABTS and DPPH assays 747±5.2 and 1906.5±66.5 respectively. Significant difference activities was found in all extracts in FRAP and PMB assays (P<0.0001).Conclusion: The extracts showed various antioxidant activities in all antioxidant assay systems. Origanurm vulgare extract could be an important dietary source of phenolic compounds with high antioxidant capacity.

Introduction: Chronic pain is one of the most common reasons for referring to elderly medical centers. About 20-25 percent of patients with chronic pain experience significant psychological symptoms. The current study was designed to evaluate the prevalence of depression, anxiety in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain referred to pain clinic of Imam Hossein hospital.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 158 patients referred to pain clinical of the hospital were randomly selected. Outcomes were assessed via Beck Depression Inventory (BDI(, Beck anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS). The collected data were analyzed by using t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient.Results: The findings showed that the prevalence of depression, anxiety and pain catastrophizing was 27.2%, 68.9% and 84%. There was a significant difference between men and women in depression, and in pain catastrophizing. Moreover, there was significant difference in anxiety between men and women with chronic musculoskeletal pain. Result showed a significant relationship (r=0.73) between depression and pain catastrophizing in patients.Conclusion: According to our results, it seems that, psychological therapy along with medicine therapy is more effective to reduce depression, anxiety and to manage the pain. We recommend that more studies should be done in order to consider the sex difference in psychological and mental disorders to reveal the necessary of multidisciplinary approach in diagnosis and treatment of the chronic pain.

Introduction: Cumulative Trauma Disorders (CTD) is common health problems and major causes of disability. Lack of agreement between job demand and work capacity may lead to cumulative trauma disorders. These disorders overall caused in months and years facing with extra-physical and psychological stressors. The aim of this study was to investigate prevalence of CTD in the Kerman bakery employers.Methods: This study was carried out on baker population of four different types of bakeries (Tafton davar, Tafton sonnati, sangak and baget). 384 samples were randomly selected by proportional cluster sampling and data analysis was done by SPSS 15 Software.Results: The most percentage of neck CTD and shoulders CTD were observed in sellers (7.1%) and share bakers (27.8%). The most prevalence of waist and wrist/hand CTD were observed in kneader task (33.3% and 38.1% respectively). It showed significant statistical relationship with shoulder, wrist/hand and waist CTD. Work history also showed significant relationship with the four type of CTD.Conclusion: The high prevalence of CTD in the bakers with respect to this fact that majority of them had low age (mean age=30) and low work history, indicates that attention to this problem is necessary. Therefore, ergonomics controls to eliminate or reduce exposure of employee to the ergonomics stressors is recommended.

Introduction: There is high prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in the elderly. The better life is main challenge in today's world and the quality of life is essential. The experience of elderly with musculoskeletal pain and its impact on their quality of life (QOL) was not described in detail.Methods: Our research was cross-sectional study conducted in Kerman. 277 elderly participated in the study. Data were collected using SF-36 quality of life questionnaire. Data were analyzed using, t-test, and ANOVA.Results: 122 men and 155 women with mean age of 71.5 (SD=6) were investigated in this study. Pain prevalence was 79.8%. The mean pain intensity was 4.3 (SD=1.4) and the average number of pain sites was 2 (SD=1.7). Quality of life in women was less than men in many dimensions (P<0.05). Quality of life at participants with musculoskeletal pain was significantly lower than that in participants without musculoskeletal pain (P<0.05).Conclusion: This study confirmed that musculoskeletal pain is frequent in the elderly and a high proportion of elderly suffer from multiple pains and subsequent lower quality of life.

Introduction: Functional independence in old age refers to active presence in daily life. One of the best ways to evaluate the functional independence of elderly is assessing the level of activities. This study aims to determine the status of functional independence in performing instrumental and daily activities as well as its related factors.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 400 individuals aged over 60 in Hamadan in 2010. The subjects were selected randomly using multi-stage sampling. Two-part questionnaire including activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities daily living (IADL) were completed by interviews. Data were analyzed via T-test and ANOVA.Results: The average score achieved in ADL and IADL were 9 and 13, respectively, that indicated 31% of elderly in ADL and 55% in IADL were independent. Significant difference in average score of ADL were related to gender, education level and household composition were observed (P<0.001). There were also significant differences in average score of IADL related to age, gender, education level, marital status, socioeconomic status, and family composition (P<0.001).Conclusion: The results showed that a significant percentage of elderly in IADL were dependent to their relatives. We recommend a program for identification of psychological factors including barriers and facilitators factors, for old people.

Introduction: Necessity of implementation of constant health education programs for teenage girls, and choosing the appropriate educational method is essential in successful training. The aim of this study was to compare two educational methods (lecture–educational package) in promoting the knowledge and attitude of adolescent girls on puberty health.Methods: In an interventional study, 200 teenage–girl students were randomly assigned to two parallel groups. Their knowledge and attitude concerning puberty health was assessed by a questionnaire. After pretest, one group received educational package and the other one participated in a 2-hour lecture. One month later, both groups were assessed by the same questionnaires and the effects were assessed by comparing the student’s knowledge, attitude on puberty health. T and Chi-square tests were used for statistical analysis.Results: According to the results, mean of post test, scores of knowledge and attitude were significantly higher in both groups than those before intervention (P<0.001).Difference in the mean of post test scores of knowledge in lectured group were more than the differences in package group (P<0.001), but the mean score of post test for attitude in package group showed no significant increase. In this case the educational package was more effective than lecture method in promoting attitude.Conclusion: The result indicated that both methods were effective in improving girl’s knowledge and attitude on puberty health. Lecture method was more effective in promoting knowledge than educational package. In attitude, educational package was more effective than lecture presentation.