Studies in Medical Sciences
Year:2016 | Volume:27 | Issue:9|Papers Count:11

Background & Aims: Motivation for the cosmetic surgery has its roots in a combination of psychology, emotional, and personal factors. The aim of the present study was to compare the social competence and cognitive emotion regulation in rhinoplasty cosmetic surgery applicants and normal individuals.Materials & Methods: The study was a causal comparative research. Statistical population of the study involved 116 rhinoplasty cosmetic surgery applicants that referred to two cosmetic surgery clinics in 2015 in Urmia city during a two-month period. About 20 people were selected through random sampling as major group and 20 normal individuals were matched with them as comparison group. The data were collected with the short version of Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire and Social Competence Questionnaire and the data were analyzed through multivariate analysis of covariance.Results: The results of multivariate analysis of covariance showed that there was a significant difference between applicants for rhinoplasty cosmetic surgery and normal individuals in regard to social competence and cognitive emotion regulation. In other words, the mean of components of social competence and cognitive emotion regulation was different in both groups.Conclusion: The results indicated that some personality traits such as social competence and cognitive emotion regulation may have an important role in the tendency to cosmetic surgery and paying attention to them can have an important role in reducing the demands of clients.

Background & Aims: Family life education was as a new and important method for improving marital satisfaction. This study aimed to investigate the effect of family life education in increasing marital satisfaction among welfare office employees.Materials & Methods: This Quasi-experimental study included a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population included all welfare office employees of Urmia suburbs in 2015.Totally 40 employees were selected through randomly sampling method and randomly assigned into two groups (each group 20 people). The experimental groups were educated for15 sessions of 90 minutes by family life education and the control group didn’t receive any treatment. In order to collect data all groups completed the Enrich marital satisfaction questionnaire as a pre-test and post-test. The data were analyzed using the SPSS-19 software and by univariate analysis of covariance (UNCOVA) method.Results: The findings showed that intervention with using the family life education led to increase marital satisfaction among employees. Also, the findings showed that family life education led to increasing the marital satisfaction among male and female employees. (P<0.01) Conclusion: The results showed that family life education method led to increase marital satisfaction among welfare office employees. Therefore, counselors and therapists can use family life education method to improve the marital satisfaction.

Background & Aims: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide and accounts for one third of all cancers in women. Vitamin D and its metabolites have a critical role in bone metabolism and any decrease in synthesis and production of this vitamin causes cancers, including breast and ovarian and colon. In this study, we examined the relationship between FOK1 and BSMI restriction enzymes dealing with breast cancer.Materials & Methods: This study was conducted on 180 women (90 female patients and 90 healthy women). DNA was extracted using salting out method. In the next stage the designed primers were connected to complementary sequences using PCR and in the last stage, restriction enzymes specific places on the DNA sequences were cut using RFLP. Finally the data were analyzed using SPSSV23, chi-square and t-Test.Results: There was no significant difference considering the density of the obtained genotype polymorphisms in both patients and controls (P =0.422). There was a significant difference between the genotypes considering age (P=0.19) and slow the disease progression (P=0.65). In both groups, there was significant association between the variables of age, breastfeeding and age at first pregnancy (p<0.05). There also was association between the use of oral contraceptives with occurrences of the disease (p>0.005).Conclusion: In view of the role of vitamin D receptors in cell cycle control cycles and the whole immune system in breast cancer need to consider other gene polymorphisms with breast cancer is suggested.

Background & Aims: Mental diseases are one of the common civilization complaints. In order to organize the behavior of these patients and promote the quality of provided treatment service for them, it is necessary to improve health care services to them. Then, it would be possible to rank these patients based on predefined criteria. The purpose of the present research was to rank the mental patients of Tabriz Razi hospital by Topsis anthropic method.Materials & Methods: This practical-applied descriptive research included 100 mental patients of Razi Treatment Center who suffered from mental disorders. In order to quantify the qualitative parameters‚ the ordinal number and defined tables and matrices were used. The sampling method was availability. In the present research ‚the ordinal numbers and sample T-test were used.Results: In this research‚one suitable hierarchical criteria was obtained to recognize and evaluate the patients as well. The obtained results showed that the proposed ranking model had led to increased efficiency of treatment methods (p≤0.005).Conclusion: The most important findings of research based on provided results is that one hierarchical criteria is obtained for evaluation and ranking of the mental patients and also it would be useful for treatment centers in course of recognition and assortment of patients as well. Thus ‚ the ranking and assortment as well as utilizing treatments and team instructions will cause increased proficiency of treatment methods and reduced cost and treatment course.

Background & Aims: Disorders of cognitive functions are considered as the components of the Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Neuropsychological functions could be remediated by neuropsychological and cognitive rehabilitation exercise. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of combination neuropsychological rehabilitation on cognitive and behavioral function of children with ADHD.Materials & Methods: The present quasi-experimental study designed with a pre-test and post-test group. Participants were twelve children with ADHD and they were in 7-13 age range. They were evaluated with the Conners’ Parents Questionnaire and Continuous Performance Test II. The participants received neuropsychological rehabilitation in 10 sessions. The data were analyzed with paired t-test.Results: It was revealed that there were significant differences between scores of pre-test and post- test in Conners’ Parents Questionnaire (p<0.001) and Continuous Performance Test II (p<0.0001).Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that combination of neuropsychological rehabilitation leads to the improvement of sustained attention and inhibition by affecting the related brain areas. Also, improvement of this cognitive functions reduce behavioral symptoms of ADHD.

Background & Aims: Marital burn out occurs when couples realize that, despite all their efforts, the relationship in their life has no special meaning. The accumulation of frustrations and tensions eventually lead to burnout. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of quality of life therapy on marital burn out among women.Materials & Methods: This quasi-experimental study included pretest-posttest and control group. The study population consisted of all married women who referred to health centers in East Tehran in 2011.The sample consisted of 30 married women who had inclusion criteria and were randomized into an experimental group and control group. The experimental group underwent 10 sessions of counseling based on quality of life. Pine’s marital Burnout Questionnaire was used and the data were analyzed by SPSS version 18 statistical method and ANOVA.Results: No significant difference was found between control and experimental groups at post-test (p<0.01). The scores in the experimental group decreased burnout.Conclusion: The result showed that quality of life therapy could decrease the marital burn out.Therefore, it seems beneficial to use this group therapy to decrease marital burn out.

Background & Aims: The increased prevalence of Narcissistic personality and development of psychobiological approaches in recent decades has led to a shift in prevention and treatment of this disorder. So, current research is aimed at determining the role of temperament-character dimensions and brain-behavioral systems in predicting narcissistic personality characteristics.Materials & Methods: This correlational descriptive study used simple random sampling method and included 368 female students of Urmia University dormitories in 2015. The study tools were Carver & White Behavioral Activation System / Behavioral Inhibition System Scale, Temperament-Character Inventory (TCI 125) and Ames Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI-16). Statistical tests including descriptive statistics, correlation coefficient and regression equation were applied to analyze data with SPSS software version 22.Results: There was a significant correlation between narcissistic and temperament, all four dimensions (NS, HA, RD & P), two dimensions of Character (ST & CO) (p<0.01), and two subscales of BAS (RR, FS &) (p<0.05). Regression of narcissistic personality characteristics would be predicted by 8 variables.Conclusion: Narcissistic personality characteristics would be predicted by 6 variables of temperament and character dimensions and two variables of brain-behavioral systems.

Background & Aims: The present study aimed to examine the effectiveness of Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy on reduction in perceived stress and eating disorder in students with eating disorder symptoms.Material & Methods: Research design was a pretest- posttest experimental design with control group.Statistical population consisted of all female students with eating disorder symptoms in Javanroud high schools in academic year 2015-2016. Participants were screened to ensure that all had eating disorder symptoms and for this purpose 500 participants in the age group of 15 to 18 completed Garner's eating attitudes test (1979) among which 30 participants who scored 20 or higher in the test were selected with eating disorder symptoms. Then 30 selected participants were classified into two experimental and control groups consisted of 15members; these participants completed Cohen's Perceived Stress Scale (1983).The experimental group was trained for 8 ninety minutes sessions lasted two months (1 session per week) by mindfulness based cognitive group therapy. Descriptive and inferential tests including covariance analysis with SPSS were used to analyze data.Results: Variance analysis results showed that eating disorder symptoms and stress in experimental group compared to the control group were reduced in post-test. (P=0.001, F=30.37).Conclusion: Findings supports the effectiveness of Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy on reduction in perceived stress and eating disorder.

This article is based on bibliometric features investigating the rate of visibility of Urmia Medical Journal papers between 2001 and 2016. The target population consisted of 6 medical journals of Northwest Medical Universities of Iran.The research data were extracted from Scopus database based on advanced search features and then transferred to Microsoft Excel for further data manipulation.The result showed that the rate of Urmia Medical Journals visibility compared to other journals under consideration was in favorable condition. As we came closer from 2006 to current years, almost all journals visibility increased. However, the trend of visibility rate for Kurdistan and Urmia journal swhich take the first and second place get better over time. Kurdistan medical journal with 342 times has taken 29% of total of 1307 citations. The Kurdistan medical journal is the only journal which was indexed in Scopus. Urmia Medical Journal with 22% of total citation and with 17% of foreign citations was in the second place. In order to boost the rate of visibility some practical recommendations were given.

Background & Aims: Anxiety disorders are the most common diagnoses for mental disorders. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on reducing rumination, dysfunctional attitude and negative automatic thoughts in patients stricken with generalized anxiety.Materials & Methods: This quasi-experimental study is done with pretest-posttest module with control group. The statistical population consisted of approximately 100 patients with generalized anxiety who referred to Avaye Omid Psychological Clinic in Rasht in the first six months of 2016 and were selected using available sampling method. Then, 30 patients stricken with the generalized anxiety were selected and randomly divided into two groups as control and experimental groups. Eight sessions of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy were done on the experimental group, and the control group was waiting for treatment. The examinees in two above groups were studied in two stages of pretest and posttest using of rumination, dysfunctional attitude, and negative automatic thoughts questionnaires.The multivariate of covariance was used in the analysis of the results.Results: The covariance analysis showed that the mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on reducing rumination: (F=68.981, P=0.0001), dysfunctional attitude: (F=18.033, P=0.0001) and negative automatic thoughts (attitudes): (F=145.744, P=0.0001) & (frequency): (F=68.524, P=0.0001) was effective on female patients with generalized anxiety in the experimental group Conclusion: It seems that psychological interventions have a significant impact on reducing anxiety.Therefore, it is recommended to use this treatment method along with other effective methods of psychotherapy and medication use.