Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility
Year:2016 | Volume:19 | Issue:12 |Papers Count:4

Introduction: Fetal abuse is a crisis in public health, because it causes irreparable physical, psychological, social and economic damage. Due to the importance of this issue, this study was performed with aim to determine the fetal abuse status and predisposing factors. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 250 pregnant women referred to the hospitals of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in 2012. Data collection tools were demographic characteristics questionnaire, Beck Anxiety Inventory and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and a questionnaire containing the questions regarding to fetal abuse and predisposing factors. Data was analyzed using SPSS software (version 18) and Chi-square and Fisher exact test. P<0.05 was considered significant. Results: In this stud, there was significant difference between the awareness of the number of prenatal care, awareness of the benefits and risks of ultrasound and smoking during pregnancy with women and their spouses’ education (P<0.05). Also, significant difference was observed between verbal and physical violence in response to fetal movement with unwanted pregnancy and unwanted sex of the fetus (P<0.001). Also, there was significant difference between partner physical violence to damage the fetus with unwanted pregnancy (P<0.001), unwanted sex of the fetus (P=0.004), family problems (P<0.001) and the time spent from marriage. Conclusion: The most common predisposing factors of fetal abuse are the mother's unawareness from the number of prenatal care, the risks of smoking during pregnancy, the benefits and risks of ultrasound during pregnancy, no receiving prenatal care, unwanted sex of the fetus, and using smoking by the spouse.

Introduction: Various factors such as maternal weight gain during pregnancy are important in the occurrence of preterm birth. Among these, the role of maternal weight gain during pregnancy is less studied. The present study was performed with aim to determine the relationship between maternal pre-pregnancy weight, body mass index and gestational age at birth. Methods: In this cross-sectional study which was conducted in Tehran in July 2015, a total of 5170 deliveries were examined of which 77 cases were twin pregnancy and excluded from the study and finally, 5093 were analyzed. The data related to pregnancy and delivery in 103 hospitals was collected by 103 trained midwives by using a designed questionnaire. Data analysis was performed by Stata software (version 13), and descriptive statistics methods and linear simple regression. P<0.05 was considered significant. Results: Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that weight gain during pregnancy was significantly associated with gestational age at birth (P=0.001), so that for every one unit increase in weight gain during pregnancy, gestational age at birth increases 0.052 weeks (95% CI: 0.036-0.068 weeks) (P=0.001) and the chance of preterm labor decreases, but maternal weight (P=0.818), height (P=0.894) and body mass index (P=0.991) were not significantly associated with gestational age. Conclusion: Weight gain during pregnancy is of the important factor in gestational age at birth, so that appropriate weight gain during pregnancy leads to reduced preterm birth in pregnant women.

Introduction: Pregnancy is one of the best events in a woman's life, but unwanted pregnancy may threats the health of mother, child, family and community. This study was performed with aim to identify the reasons of unwanted pregnancy from the perspective of family planning service providers. Methods: This study is based on qualitative content analysis approach which was performed in 2015. Participants were 13 health providers who provided family planning services to the referred women to health centers in Mashhad. Purposive sampling was conducted and data gathering continued until saturation. Semi-structured in-depth interview was done to collect data. The interview was recorded and transcribed. Data were analyzed based on content analysis approach in MAXQDA software. Results: Three main following factors were explored as perceived reason for unwanted pregnancy: "reasons related to problems of health care system", "reasons related to the characteristics of the services recipients" , and "reasons related to the quality of family planning tools". Conclusion: Reduced incidence of unwanted pregnancy needs to improve the quality of family planning services, consultation, husband's participation, promoting knowledge and improving attitudes of health providers towards family planning and improving the quality of family planning tools.