Iranian Journal of Sociology
Year:2004 | Volume:5 | Issue:4|Papers Count:6

The Present Paper is organized as a part of the whole body of a survey research, studied on the youth and women, living in the Province of Eastern Azerbayjan. The statistical population of the research included of 11798 rural households in the 60 villages of the above Province. The Sample group of 240 persons (youth & women) has beee chosen throughe the stratified random sampling method, with the probale desired precision of %5 (d=0.05) and the confidence level of %95. The findings resulted from the hypothesies testing and the goodness-of-fit of the analysis model show that:- the extent of work motivation changes in terms of different age-groups.- by increasing of anomie, the extent of work motivation tends to decrease.- by increasing of Need-Achievement, the work motivation will increase.- we found no meaningful relation between work motivation and gender.- the work motivation changes by the socio-economic status (SES).- the extent of work motivation will increase, by increasing in economic motivation.- the feeling of self-effectiveness has a meaningful relation with work motivation.Based on the goodness-of-fit of the analysis model through the multi-regression and path analysis of the obtained results it is clear the varibles of Need-Achievenment (N. Ach), economic motivation, individuality, job aspiration and job preference, socio-economic status (SES), life satisfaction, social anomie, and job commitment are the most important determinants having effect on work motivation.

The poverty for some time past was one of the major problems for states and planners. But poverty in rural communities in particular is one of the most important challenges. In the national level, all of the groups and strata who live near the poverty line are known as poor groups. Historically the scentific studies about poverty and its alleviation turn to last years of 19th century. Booth and Rowntree's researches (1987 & 1901) in England are thd Pioneers for this kind of studies.In the middle of 1940 decade, while the ministry of labor was organized, studying about poverty for the first time was done in Iran.In this essay relative poverty is concerned, that individuals income are compared, that peoples with low income are known more poor than people with high income, also their population distribution are considered.Statical population of this study are householders of Azadshahr's villages in Golestan province.According to findings the survey based on poverty line, 27.6 percent of householdes live under poverty line.Results of analysis multiregression show that independent variables such automobile, housing, occupation, cultivate areas, dependency to state, fatalism, availability to medias, empathy and level aspiration as indicators of poverty have significant relations with dependent variable and by them 48 percentage of total variance are examined.

In this Article an attempt is made to clarify the existance of Bonding Social capital among the traditional units of Arab's tribes in Karkheh Zone in order to establish some kind of productive N.G.O,S, Which is trditionally called, Baiet the resaults of this survey show that the existance of social and cultural and indigenous knowledge in Baiet could be used to develop this kind of exploitation system sustainable system of land and water exploitation on the bases of local Knowledge will be attained if greater attention is given to research into local knowledge system of participation that are environmentally friendly, and have more sodo-Economic adaptations and these that can ewpower traditional peasants through training to develop new system of explotation.

This paper is about the effect of developmental projects on welfare in rural area of Fars province. The main focus is rural families and villages. Based on the nature of research, two methods (survey and semi-experimental) have been used. A set of villages were chosen as an experimental villages. Two types of questionners were distributed: 1) household questioners for 300 fanilies and 2) 40 village questionners for 20 control villages and 20 experimental villages. There are 6 hypotheses to be tested. The Findings show a significant difference between experimental and control villages on indicators of welfare. Five hypotheses were approved at 95% level of significant. One hypothesis was rejected.

In this paper it is intended to analyse the traditional irrigation system based on "Tashteh" mechanism (a local water-chronometer). This analysis will be developed through the Ostrom model of Common Pool Resource (C.P.R). By Considering the relations between the three-levels of selective rules-as essential; Collective; and Partial-the efficiency of the mentioned model will be examined to recognize the different kinds of C.P.R. Furthermore, in spite of the segmentation of the arable lands and their dwindling in size (because of the hereditary Islamic rules), the efficiency and Elexibility of the irrigation system will be shown.