Iranian Journal of Sociology
Year:2005 | Volume:6 | Issue:4|Papers Count:9

The present research studies documents related to the articles received for publication by Iranian Journal of Sociology. The research, at the same time, attempts to identify and sort out the articles' major shortcomings as determined by the referees, and to present them in the final analysis. Utilizing the techniques of factor analysis, as well as contents analyses, the (qualitative and quantitative) data as included in the referee processing sheets were extracted. The documents thus gathered included 506 of such sheets concerning 178 articles, which are produced by one hundred arbitrator sociologists within the years of 1382-1383 (the Iranian calendar). The findings, using factor analysis, show that the most frequent shortcomings as seen by the referees in the years 1382-1383 concern content and structural (formal) dimensions, generally and respectively. In addition, the findings, using content analysis, indicate that the most occurring shortcomings suggested by the referees to be remedied are related to the articles' research methods and their theoretical frameworks, which encompass 58% of tile entire faults attributed to the articles, Being attentive to the findings of this research may improve the quality of the social research and article-writing in journals dealing with the social issues.

According to theories of reproduction, schools are among institutions governments use, among other social institutions, to reproduce their hegemony. This article shows that contrary to the above theories, being merely ideological is not enough for the structure of school to function satisfactorily. In fact, struggles aimed at ideological referencing for particular meanings are only one phase of the circuit for possible production and consumption of ideological messages. Most often it happens that for various reasons the message is consumed in a way different from the intent of its producers. Moreover, this article demonstrates that schools' ability to reproduce the values assigned to them depends on the fact that the family also forms students' subjectivity in a similar manner.

By comparing different definitions of social capital, this analysis presents the definition of its own. The article surveys the sociological origin of the concept among the sociologists, looking at the factors contributing to the development of the concept from the perspectives offered by Putnam, Offe, Fuchs, Krishna, Uphoff, Para gal, Gilligan, Huq, and Mernissi. This is a comparative survey research method, carried out in Tehran using the questionnaire. Utilizing the factor analysis, the number of its components is reduced to four main factors. A theoretical model accounting for the formation of social capital as well as the four factors affecting it is presented.

Social trust is an important component for social development as well as for expansion of modernity. Historical and social characteristics of the society under study include the existence of tribal and lineage subcultures, which in turn result in particular and a reduction in social trust towards outsiders. These have made social trust as one of the most important preconditions to reach an understanding about this society in order to improve its social development. The dependent variable, in this study, is social trust which is measured by six aspects as the following: Clearness, truthfulness, participation, cooperation tendencies, confidence, and action based on trust. The independent variables are traditionalism, social status, and education. In order to endow the study a feature of rather comprehensiveness, a series of variables under the rubric of background variables were also introduced into the research. The findings show that there is no significant relationship between traditionalism and social trust. But there is a direct and significant relationship between clearness and truthfulness. Neither is there any meaningful relationship between social status and social trust, but only one aspect of social status 'place of residence' showed a direct and meaningful relationship with social trust. There was a direct and significant relationship between respondents' education and their social trust; so that the higher the education, the higher was the social trust. The result of the tests conducted on hypotheses concerning individual variables indicated that there is a direct and meaningful relationship between the time devoted to studying and social trust; so that individuals who spent more them per day studying showed higher degrees of social trust. A. significant relationship was also found between the birthplace and social trust of the individuals. No significant relationship was found between social trust and variables such as age, gender, being married or single, duration of residence in the city, language, and time spent on watching TV, or going to the movies.

The Family and Work Support and protections are vital for stabilization of their social roles. Without such support it would be very difficult for women to achieve the benefits of combining their domestic and professional roles. This research attempts to provide answers to several questions and it thus explains the mechanism of social support in this regard. The questions are mainly used to clarify kind, degree, and the source of the family and work support as perceived by the employee, and also to explain the relations among the variables of family involvement and work control with social support. Such an explanation takes into account the gender. The findings show that family involvement is a more important predicator of family support among women, while for men; job control had the highest rate of correlation with worksite support.

The family is the first location where the learning of social relations takes place. The young, under the influence of affective space of the family, takes the first steps towards a generalized affective action. The aim of this article is to probe into the affective situation of families residing in Tehran, to investigate the generalized affective action of the youth and the relationship which exists between the two, The theoretical approach, as related to the affective situation section is the theory of , and in section related to the generalized affective action is 's theory. A test sample of 380 persons composed of third-grade girl and boy high-school students belonging to various educational districts of Tehran was selected through multiple- phase cluster sampling technique. The affective situation was measured by four representatives consisting of: respect, feeling of joy, warmth of relationships, and transfer of kindness. The generalized affective situation was represented by: loyalty, affective dependence, and generalized commitment. The findings show that the majority of the youth were satisfied with the affective situation of their families. The affective space was larger for boys, as compared with that of girls, and the situation of generalized action for the youth rested at an average level. The girls, compared to boys, enjoyed more extensive generalized affective action.

The article examines the effects the television exerts on modernism through its audience. In studying the audience factors such as the degree of exposure to the media, the content of exposure, the varying socio-cultural backgrounds play a central role in efficacy of the message. The above perspective has seldom been considered in domestic Iranian research. The basic question of this research is to understand how a type of audience activity influences television impact's on modernism. Therefore, it is necessary that the relationship between television and modernism be specified within the sample population. Then, one may go on studying the audience's role and position in such a process. This is a survey research, which includes a sample of 1047 taken from households residing in Tehran's 22 city districts. The findings show that television impacts audiences differently, given their various socio-cultural groupings.