Journal of Arak University Medical Sciences
Year:2016 | Volume:19 | Issue:7 (112)|Papers Count:10

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a major nosocomial pathogen that due to its intrinsic and acquired resistance to a wide spectrum of antibiotics poses a threat in clinical settings. One of the drug resistance mechanisms in P. aeruginosa is mutation in negative regulators of efflux pump systems such as nalC. The aim of this study was investigation of nalC mutations in P. aeruginosa isolates from some Rasht hospitals and Lahijan laboratories.Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, forty- five P. aeruginosa strains was isolated from several Rasht hospitals and Lahijan laboratories between 2013 to 2014 and identified by biochemical tests. The antibiotic resistance and susceptibility of isolates was determined by Kirby Bauer method and microdilution method. Then PCR-sequencing was carried out to assess nalC mutations in ciprofloxacin resistant isolates.Results: In this study, the most P. aeruginosa strains was isolated from urine sample (53%), followed by burned strains (31%). The most resistance was seen to erythromycin (100%) and the lowest resistance was seen to ciprofloxacin (~31%). The highest MIC of ciprofloxacin was determined in some strains >512 mg/ml. Sequencing results showed that 12 ciprofloxacin resistant isolates had one or several missense mutations G71E, S209R and E153Q in nalC gene.Conclusion: Given that mutation was defined in most isolates in this study, it seems that mutation in nalC gene plays an important role in ciprofloxacin resistance of nosocomial P. aeruginosa isolates in Guilan province.

Background: Gentamicin (GM) is one the aminoglycoside antibiotics which isroutinelyused to treatinfections gram-negative, either alone or insynergistic withbeta-lactamantibioticsused However, frequent useleads toserious side effectssuch asrenal toxicity, ototoxicity. Coenzyme Q10 has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and vasodilatory properties. According to these properties of Coenzyme Q10 and tissue damage mechanism in GM induced-nephrotoxicity, in this study, the effects of these two substances for the co-treatment and post -treatment on renal injury induced by gentamicin were investigated.Materials and Methods: Experiments has been done on 77 male Wistar rats in weight range of 200 to 250 g. Animals were divided randomly into 5 groups of 7 numbers. Renal nephrotoxicity induced by i.p injection of gentamicin (100mg/kg) Therapeutic effect of coenzyme Q10 (10mg/kg)in the two protocols co-treatment and post-treatmentwas investigated.The animals after the last injectionon the ninth day of co-treatment andthe seventeenth day of post-treatmentwere placed into individual metabolic cages so as to collection urine and urine volume was measured gravimetrically. Afteranesthesia, systolic blood pressure and renal blood flow was measured. Then blood sampling was done. Amount of urea, creatinin, sodium, potassium and osmolarity was measured in plasma and urine samples. Left kidney, for doing histological experiments in 10% buffered formaldehyde and right kidney for biochemical experiments in fluid nitrogen was preserved.Results: Co-treatment with Coenzyme Q10 significantly decreased fractional excretion of sodium (6.37±1.33 %; p<0.001) and decreased fractional excretion of potassium (219.14±83.8%; p<0.001) MDA levels (2.13 ±0.24mmol/gkw; p<0.001), and significantly increased renal blood flow (6.38±0.1ml/min: p<0.01) and FRAP levels (24.44±0.42mmol/gkw; p<0.001). Post-treatment with coenzyme Q10 significantly decreased fractional excretion of sodium (3.58 ±0.57 %; p<0.001), potassium (111.77±29.4%; p<0.001) and MDA levels (3.08 ±0.12mmol/gkw; p<0.001) and significantly increased renal blood flow (6.74±0.15ml/min: p<0.001) and FRAP levels (24.34±0.75mmol/gkw; p<0.001) that is reduced by gentamicin.Conclusion: According to the results, this study showed thatpost- treatment with coenzyme Q10 more protective effect on the kidney tissue andAnda greater increase inantioxidant defensecreated.

Background: Known inflammatory factors in type II diabetes and complications are delaying adjustment this factor, it is an effective approach in preventing complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of eight weeks aerobic interval training on interleukin- 6 and interleukin-10 serum levels, in women with type II diabetes.Materials and Methods: In this study, 18 patients with type II diabetes in Ahvaz city, were randomly divided into the two experimental group (n=10) and control group (n=8). The experimental group did the aerobic interval training and pedaling on the ergometer bicycle with 65 to 80 percent of their maximum leg power for three times a week during the eight weeks. The blood samples were prepared in two pre-test and post-test steps to measure the interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 serum levels through ELISA method.Results: Statistical analysis showed that after eight weeks of aerobic interval training, interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 serum levels, related to the experimental group had no significant difference in comparison with control group (p>0.05).Conclusion: The results indicate that doing the aerobic interval training for three times a week during eight weeks with 65 to 80 percent of maximum leg power, it has no effect on inflammatory and anti- inflammatory indices, in women with type II diabetes.

Background: The definite treatment of indicated Hypertrophy of the tonsils is Tonsillectomy. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and necessity of diclofenac suppository and simultaneous prescription of acetaminophen alone in controlling and reducing pain and improving swallowing and satisfaction after surgery for tonsillectomy in children.Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial, 180 children 7 to 14 years Tvnsykltvmy surgery were enrolled. Patients in an improbable way, easy and were divided into three groups of 60. Immediately after the surgery acetaminophen, diclofenac, or a combination of both was used. The cases of pain in the early hours, seventh, thirteenth and nineteenth after surgery were compared.Results: There was a significant difference between the average pains of all groups in all hours (p<0.05). There was a significant difference between the groups from the point of view of side effects such as Nausea, Vomiting and Pyrexia (p<0.05), But there was no significant difference between the groups from the point of view of After Surgery Bleeding (p>0.05).Conclusion: We can say that Rectal Diclofenac is a more effective medication for reducing pain after the Tonsillectomy surgery in contrast with Rectal Acetaminophen or a mixture of the two, which may cause the patients to use less Narcotics after the surgery.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of resistance training with different intensities on serum myostatin and follistatin levels in sedentary young women.Materials and Methods: In this practical and semi experimental study, 24 sedentary young women with range of 20-30 years and BMI 22-25 kg/m2 were selected by convenience sampling. Then, the volunteers were randomly assigned into two groups, [resistance training group with low intensity (40-60% of one repetition maximum) and high intensity (70-90% of one repetition maximum)]. The training protocols included: 8 weeks, 3 times a week. Blood samples (5cc) were obtained at baseline and 48 hours after at the end of the study; Also Serum levels of myostatin and follistatin were measured by ELISA methods. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance of repeated measures test by SPSS at the significant level (p<0.05).Results: There was a significant increase in the levels of follistatin and follistatin to myostatin ratio in high intensity group (p≤0.05). Also there was a significant decrease in the levels of myostatin in high intensity group (p≤0.05); however, there was no significant change in the levels of follistatin, myostatin and follistatin to myostatin ratio in low intensity group (p≥0.05). Also there was no significant change in these variables in high intensity group compared to low intensity group (p≥0.05).Conclusion: It’s seems that the activation of important myogenic and myostatic factors in sedentary young women need to do high intensity resistance training.

Background: As dental solid waste are among the most important environmental pollutants due to its high contents of toxic and hazardous agents, suitable treatment and management of it are of great importance. The objective of this study was to quantity & quality analyses of dental solid waste and associated management practices in the general dentistry offices in the city of Arak.Materials and Methods: 15 samples of solid waste were taken from the 5 selected general dentistry offices, classified into 66 components and 4 fractions, and then the quantity & quality characteristics were evaluated. Management practices of the solid waste were also investigated by using a questionnaire.Results: According to the results, per capita and the average generation rate of each dentistry office were 66.71 g/day-patient and 1340.45 g/day, respectively. Potential infectious, domestic- type, chemical & pharmaceutical, and toxic wastes consisted of 54.25%, 35.14%, 8.19%, and 2.14% of the waste generated, respectively. 10 components including latex gloves, nylon & plastic, saliva & bloodcontaminated kleenex, paper & cardboard, used ampoules, saliva ejector tubes, gypsum, food waste, saliva & blood-contaminated dental rolls, and nylon gloves were responsible for more than 80% of the total waste generated, respectively.Conclusion: Each fraction of dental solid waste (toxic, chemical & pharmaceutical, potential infectious and domestic- type wastes) should be separately collected and disposed of according to the related criteria.

Background: Individual differences, especially gender, have an important role on individuals responds to the emotions. In cognitive science investigations, the analysis of biological signals has been introduced as a confident way to evaluate such responses. In this paper, by adopting a comprehensive approach on biomedical signal processing techniques, a precise examination on women and men differences in affective responses has been provided into different emotional stimuli, including fear, sadness, happiness, and peacefulness.Materials and Methods: Accordingly, signal processing methods were divided into three general categories, linear, wavelet, and non-linear based techniques. In the proposed method, different features from each of three categories and from three autonomic signals, including electrocardiogram (ECG), finger pulse, and galvanic skin response (GSR), were extracted. To induce emotions in participants, validated emotional pieces of music were broadcast in four affective classes.Results: The results indicate the different patterns of responses into affective incentives in women and men. The differences were more noticeable in the features of pulse signal than those of the other signals. Among emotional classes, fear resulted in the highest rate of distinction between men and women emotional responses.Conclusion: By the comprehensive evaluation of autonomic signals and different signal processing techniques, this study has tried to offer a new insight for better understanding of gender differences in emotional responses. In addition, it will help the researchers to adopt appropriate decisions in identifying efficient processing approach to deal with large amount of information achieved from signal analysis.

Background: Angiogenesis is an important biological processes of new blood vessels in many pathological stages of development and embryo development occurs and a complex and dynamic phenomenon that is needed for development and other physiological processes. This study aimed to investigate the effect of alcoholic Ocimum basilicum leaf extract on angiogenesis chick chorioallantoic membrane is done.Materials and Methods: In this experimental study 40 Ross fertilized eggs were randomly divided into four groups: control, sham-exposed and experimental groups were divided. The second day of incubation the eggs window was opened. Eighth day of the alcoholic extract of basil doses of 50 and 150 mg/kg on chick chorioallantoic membrane was injected. On day 12, embryos length and weight and chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) was photographed by photostereomicroscope Then the numbers and lengths of vessels in special area on CAM were measured with Image J. analyzed through by t-test and ANOVA (P<0.05).Results: The data does not show significant difference between embryos length and weight in sham compare to all experimental groups. In the study vessels number just with 150 mg/kg observed significant.Conclusion: Alcoholic extract of basil is an increase in the number of vessels and in this sense the healing and growth processes associated with them as well as effective.

Background: Breast cancer is both the prevailing malignancy and the most common cause of cancer death among women. Many factors may play a role in the susceptibility to the breast cancer and Oxygen Free Radicals may be one of these. There are various known antioxidant systems against oxidative stress, including ParaoxonaseI. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between rs854560 polymorphism in the PON1 gene in patients with breast cancer.Materials and Methods: We performed genotyping analysis using polymerase chain reactionrestriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay in a case- control study of 83 confirmed breast cancer patients and 100 cancer-free controls in Markazi Province.Results: In our study of the PON1 gene L55M polymorphism, the LL genotype was found in 2 (2.40%) patients, whereas the LM genotype was found in 69 (83.13%) patients. The MM genotype was present in 12 (14.45%) patients. In the control group, LL, LM and MM genotypes were found in 4 (4%), 81 (81%), and 15 (15%) subjects, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between patient and control groups in terms of the PON1 gene L55M polymorphism (p=0.825). Allele distributions were different but this difference did not reach statistical significance (p=0.920).Conclusion: We found no association between M55L polymorphism and breast cancer.