JOURNAL OF RAFSANJAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES AND HEALTH SERVICES
Year:2018 | Volume:17 | Issue:6 |Papers Count:9

Background and Objectives: Positive effects of sprint interval training (SIT) on weight loss and fatty liver have been identified. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of SIT on novel non-alchoholic fatty liver markers (fatty liver index (FLI), lipid accumulation product (LAP), hepatic steatosis index (HSI), and Framingham steatosis index (FSI)) in overweight women with type 2 diabetes. Materials & Methods: In this Clinical trial study among the patients referring to Shahrekord Hospital in the spring and summer of 2017, 35 overweight females with type 2 diabetes (aged 55. 54± 6. 06 years, BMI= 29. 64± 3. 48, HbA1C=9. 37± 87) were selected and randomaly assigned to two groups of diabetic (positive control) (n=18) and diabetic+SIT (n=17). The experimental group performed SIT for 10 weeks in a sport and health clinic. Blood samples were taken from both groups before and after 10 weeks of exercise protocols and new fatty liver indices were calculated. Dependent t-test was used for within-group comparisons and the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used for between-group comparisons. Findings: The ANCOVA results showed that 10 weeks of SIT caused a non-significant decrease in HSI (F=0. 611, p=0. 514), FLI (F=1. 490, p=0. 203) and a significant decrease in LAP (F=5. 776 and p=0. 009), FSI (F=4. 718, p=0. 034) compared to the diabetic group. Conclusion: Regarding the results of this study, it seems that SIT is an appropriate method for the improvement of new fatty liver markers in overweight women with type 2 diabetes.

Background and Objectives: Laccase is the most abundant member of protein family that catalyzes the oxidation of substituted phenols. Laccases are used as biocatalysts for decolorization and bleaching in dye industries, detoxification in environment, and juice clarification in food industries. The present study aimed at producing recombinant laccase, purifying with high yield and fold, and characterizing biochemical and kinetic properties of the purified laccase. Materials and Methods: In this laboratory study, recombinant Trametes laccase, which was successfully expressed in yeast host in extracellular form, was purified through ultrafiltration and gel chromatography methods. The purification process yield and fold was determined and after molecular weight determination, physiochemical properties of recombinant laccase were studied and its thermostability was determined. All tests were conducted with at least 3 times repetition and mean and standard deviation calculation. Results: Purification strategy showed that laccase was successfully purified with 5. 67 fold and 49. 7% yield and the molecular weight of recombinant laccase was determined 65KDa. Optimum pH and temperature of the recombinant laccase were determined 4. 8 and 60° C, respectively. Its kinetic properties were also determined. The thermostability assessment showed that purified laccase is highly thermostable. Conclusion: The results indicated that gel chromatography purification method can be an ideal to achieve high yield and fold purification of recombinant laccase with keeping enzyme properties and high thermostability, so that the recombinant purified laccase with high yield and fold can be used in drug, textile, and food industries, and environment and its detoxification.

Background and Objectives: Drug addiction is one the major challenges both internationally and in Iran, and return to addiction is considered as an important factor. The present study aimed to determine the experiences regarding the reasons of returning to addiction among the people referring to rehabilitation centers. Materials and Methods: This is a qualitative study with the interpretational approach which was conducted in Zahedan city in 2017. Twenty two patients, who had a history of drug rehabilitation and return to using drugs again, were selected by purposive sampling method. Data was assembled by semi-structured questionnaires and personal interview and analyzed by content analyzing method. Results: Twenty patients were male (90. 9%) and 6 of them (27. 2%) were unemployed. Based on the results, there were 5 major implications including “ familial and social factors” , “ rehabilitation centers” , “ sexual and personal factors” , “ economic factors” , and “ therapeutic issues” , and 26 minor implications pertaining to the reasons of returning to drug use. The majority of participants considered family issues, bad conditions of the rehab centers, unemployment, and temptation as the main reasons of the return to using drugs again. Choosing appropriate rehab center, more family supervision and support, not to be punished by family, and emotional, nutritional, and job related supports after the drug rehabilitation were the participant’ s proposal strategies. Conclusion: The results indicated that the rehabilitation centers and sexual issues play an important role in returning to addiction, therefore it is necessary to reduce returning to addiction through more emphasis and supervision on the rehabilitation centers.

Background and Objectives: Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-related syndrome and the most common hypertensive disorder in pregnancy. Feto-maternal immune incompatibility, oxidative stress, genetic variants, and endothelial cells injuries play an important role in the pathogenesis of the disease. TNFSF13B gene, a member of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family, is a main regulator of an immune response. This study was done with the aim of investigating the association between the rs16972194 and rs56124946 rare polymorphisms of TNFSF13B gene and preeclampsia disease. Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, 308 women with preeclampsia and 292 healthy pregnant women, referring to the reference clinic for women’ s diseases in Hazrat Zeinab hospital in Shiraz from January to August 2016, were selected and underwent molecular testing. Genotyping of the rs16972194 and rs56124946 polymorphisms were determined using ARMS PCR and T-ARMS PCR, respectively. The data were analyzed using logistic regression and chi-square test. Results: The frequency of CC, CG, and GG rs56124946 polymorphism genotypes in the patients were respectively 95. 2, 3. 1, and 1. 7 percent and 97. 7, 1. 3 and 1 percent in the controls. Statistically significant difference was not found in the frequency of genotypes and alleles of this polymorphic site between the case and control groups (p> 0. 05). A significant percent of the controls (99. 3%) and patients (99. 7%) showed GG genotype for this polymorphism. No significant difference in the genotype frequencies was observed between the cases and controls (p> 0. 05). Conclusion: The results showed that the rare variants of the TNFSF13B gene are not probably related to preeclampsia disease.

Background and Objectives: Gait asymmetry is a useful index that can provide an important role in clinical treatment. Since the link between asymmetry index of gait ground reaction force frequency content and hearing loss is not well evaluated, the aim of this study was to compare the asymmetry index of gait ground reaction force frequency spectrum in deaf and hearing male children of Hamedan city. Material and Methods: In this descriptive study, 30 male children from Hamedan city in 2017 were selected and equally divided into a healthy group and a group with hearing loss problems (deaf group). Frequency content of ground reaction forces were analyzed during barefoot walking. Then, asymmetry indices were computed for essential number of harmonics, band width, median frequency, frequency with a power of 99. 5%, and amplitudes of harmonics for three-dimensional groud reaction forces. Independent t-test was used for data analysis. Results: Hearing loss was associated with increased asymmetry index of anterior-posterior median frequency (by 10%; p=0. 011) and anterior-posterior frequency band width (by 6%; p=0. 022). Similar asymmetry index of vertical and medio-lateral frequency content were found in both groups (p>0. 05). Conclusion: The greatest asymmetry index value of ground reaction force frequency content in deaf children was in anterior-posterior direction. Also, the highest differences in asymmetry indices were in median frequemcy, band width, and harmonic amplitude during walking. In order to improve above mentioned asymmetry indices, using treatment interventions in deaf children are suggested.

Background and Objectives: According to direct selling of some medications including supplements by pharmacy technicians and without the presence or supervision of the pharmacist, and also the importance of these people’ s knowledge of supplements and the effect of this knowledge on their attitude and performance, this study was conducted to determine the pharmacies clerks’ knowledge, attitude, and performance towards dietary supplements in Shiraz. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted in 2015 on all pharmacies in Shiraz (total number of 300). Data collecting tool was a questionnaire consisting 33 questions and three dimensions of knowledge, attitude, and performance. Data were analysed using independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson’ s correlation coefficient. Results: The results showed that the mean and standard deviation of the pharmacy technicians’ knowledge was 3. 28+0. 52, their attitude 3. 62+0. 59, and their performance 3. 54+0. 52. Independent t-test showed that there was a significant difference between attitude and sex variable by that the average of women’ s attitude was higher than men (p<0. 001). Pearson’ s correlation results also showed that there was a positive significant correlation between knowledge and attitude (r=0. 370, p<0. 001), knowledge and performance (r=0. 208, p<0. 001), and attitude and performance (r=0. 337, p<0. 001). Conclusion: Considering the significant differences observed in the staff’ s knowledge, attitude, and performance towards dietary supplements, holding effective educational courses in order to increase scientific knowledge of pharmacies clerks and employing clerks with the least required knowledge in this regard seems necessary.

Background and Objectives: There is a direct relationship between the air quality and human health. In this research, the air quality of Rafsanjan city was monitored regarding the concentration of some pollutants within a year. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, portable particle counter and air analyzer were used. Measurement of air pollutant parameters was done every two weeks from five selected places in Rafsanjan. The data were plotted based on the concentration of pollutants and Air Quality Index (AIQ) index. Results: The average values of sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide and the total amount of nitrogen dioxide and ozone were 0. 04, 0. 43, 0. 40, and 0. 14 ppm, respectively. The average amount of PM1, PM2. 5, and PM10 particulate matters were 2. 03, 24, and 166 μ g/m3, respectively. Conclusion: Based on AQI index, the air quality of Rafsanjan city was “ healthy” . However, “ unhealthy for sensitive groups” was reported in some occasions, especially in spring.

Received: 17/04/2018 Sent for Revision: 09/06/2018 Received Revised Manuscript: 14/07/2018 Accepted: 16/07/2018 Background and Objectives: While nursing graduates are directly involved in nursing, they are required to ensure that they have the necessary clinical competence. The aim of this study was to determine the necessity of final examination at the end of the undergraduate nursing course from the point of view of faculty members and students of Mashhad and Torbat Heydariyeh. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, the viewpoints of 20 faculty members and 78 students were collected by semi-structure interview and reseacher made questionnaire in 2016. The results were reported as descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, number, percentage). Results: Seventeen faculty members (88. 20%) considered final nursing exam necessary and 41 students (52. 91%) did not consider the existing evaluation to be sufficient. Conclusion: It seems that paying attention to planning in order to change the current process of clinical evaluations and conducting comprehensive standard tests can enhance the nursing students' knowledge and skills.