Journal of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences
Year:2000 | Volume:7 | Issue:1 (15)|Papers Count:15

The addictive effect of morphine on the cortex volume of the cerebellum is evaluated in this study using unbiased, robust and efficient quantitative. stereological methods. 30 male rats of N-Mary race, aging 3 months and weighing 109± 3.5 gr, were randomly selected and assigned into three groups, the first group receiving no treatment. The second group received normal-Saline, and the third group received an increasing dose of morphine-saline, 5-25mg for 5 days. Doses of treatment were the same for the second and third groups. The animals were deeply anaesthetized with an injection of Ketamin 12 hours after the last dose of the treatment and after seeing the withdrawal symptoms, via the left ventricle of the heart, they were perused with a 0.9% saline and fixation was done. Then, the Cortex volume of the Cerebellum was determined using stereology and cavalier principles. For this purpose, uniform random sampling, parallel slices and counting lattice points were adopted. The ANDVA was used to compare the statistical differences of the study groups. There were no significant differences noticed in the estimated cortex volumes of the animals of the two groups. Therefore, the increasing dose of morphine injection for five days had no addictive effect on the cortex volume of the cerebellum in the subjects of this study.

Gum diseases causing various complications with high prevalence have always been one of the considerable problems in dentistry. This study was intended to determine the duration of gingivitis treatment through laser physiotherapy and to compare it with the results of the conventional treatment. 36 patients suffering from gingivitis were divided into two groups, one treated with laser physiotherapy, the other with the conventional method.Patients of the first group were referred to a physiotherapy clinic after being visited by a specialist. T-test was adopted to statistically analyze the study data. The results indicated that the treatment duration of gingivitis by laser physiotherapy was significantly shorter than the duration in the conventional method. Also, it was observed that laser treatment caused faster improvement of gum hemorrhage, sensitivity, color, oedema than the conventional treatment.

Arteriogram test is a necessary test for selecting antibiotics in treating infections, so that resistance strains are prevented. In this study, arteriogram test was carried out with both the Standard Kirby-Bauer (Disk Diffusion) and the conventional routine methods on 36 pathogens isolated from gastroenteritis infections. The most common pathogenic bacteria were E.coli and Shigella. The results of EPEC strains in the standard method indicated that the highest sensitivity and resistance were NA, AN (81.8%) and CN (72.7%), while in the conventional method the results were NA (72.7%) and AM (91%). In Shigella strains, the highest resistance and sensitivity were SXT, TE (100%) and NA (100%) respectively. The most resistant antibiotic pattern in E.coli strains were TE+SXT+AM with a 25% frequency. Also, in Shigella strains, the most frequent pattern (40%) was SXT+TE+AM+GM. On the whole, 30.5% triple resistance was identified among the 36 isolated pathogens. On the basis of the results, we concluded that there is a relatively significant difference with respect to the use of the two methods; also, TE and SXT are not selective antibiotics in gastroenteritis, especially in Shigellosis.

Hemofiltration is a safe and effective method in removing water and solute from body, especially when crystaloid is used excessively or as a prime in open heart cases. This study is meant to assess the effect of hemofiltrationon on the recovery of patients undergoing open heart surgery. 65 patients, 1 to 65 years of age, were randomly assigned into two groups: 30 case and 30 control. Hemofiltration was done 5 minites after the termination of bypass with an Amicon diafilter-30 for 15 minutes and 30 ml fluid per one kg of body weight was removed. All the collected data were analyzed using Student t-test, paired t-test and chi-square. The results indicated that hemofiltration decreases volume overload and potassium requirement. It also decreases post op arrhythmia (PVC) and the need for inotrop support. Because of the small sample size and due to the fact that ,two of the patients had poor post op recovery, and also considering longer CPB time span of the study group, we could not generalize the results. It was concluded that hemofiltration positively influences early post op recovery. However, further study is needed to evaluate the effects of hemofiltration on specific organs. We recommend the results of this study to be followed in the educational and clinical practices of nursing.

The regulation of glucose concentration in blood is one of the complex phenomena which is affected by several hormonal and neural factors. The endocrine part of pancreas, the internal part of adrenal gland and liver has important roles in the regulation of blood glucose. Insulin, glucagon and somatostatine are just a few of the hormones that participate in the regulation of blood glucose. In addition to the hormonal agents, neurotransmitters, such as GABA-A, also play some role in the homeostasis of blood glucose. In this study, we used male Albino mice, each weighing 20-25 grams. This was done using GABA agonists and antagonists. Serial blood collection from each animal was done by retro orbital Sinus puncture, and glucose concentration.was measured using O-toluidine. In this experiment, the effect of different doses of a certain drug on blood glucose was studied, and average changes in blood glucose concentration were calculated each time. One-way ANOVA and t-test were adopted in the statistical analysis of the collected data. The results indicated that intracerebellar ventricle (ICV) injection of both bicuculine or picrotoxin caused a significant increase in the concentration of blood glucose while ICV injection of muscimol leads to a significant reduction in the blood glucose concentration. Therefore, it seems that GABA-A receptors might cause a reduction in the concentration of blood glucose, increasing the insulin plasma and decreasing the glucagons and somatostatine.On the whole, it can be said that GABA-A receptors have a controlling role in the reduction of blood glucose. Further research seems inevitable since the effect of GABA-A receptors on blood glucose concentration is a complex phenomenon.

A study was carried out to measure the variation of Hamadan' s vegetable's heavy metals in Iran in the year 1996. In this research, the Pb, the Ni, the Cd and the Cr of the vegetables irrigated with polluted water in August, September and October were measured. 90 samples, 30 samples each month, were chosen randomly. The Atomic Absorption Apparatus was used to measure the vegetable's heavy metals. The data were analyzed by the Minitab. Results showed a significant difference in the Pb in August and September (P_value=0.03). There was also a significant difference in the amount of the vegetable's Cr in different months (P_value=0.039). The amount of the vegetable's Ni was not significant in different months. The vegetable's Cd was zero (Nil) in the samples in different months. The results indicated that the rate of the Pb concentration in the vegetables was higher than the permissible limit for the human foods. As for the other heavy metals, the amount was lower than the permissible limit for the human foods.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the changes of the pulmonary function in the workers of Portland cement industry. To do this, a case - control method was adopted. In 1377, during the summer, two groups were regularly tested by spirometer. The first group, exposed to dust, included 263 workers of Jajrud Portland cement factory. The second group, 99 office workers, was not exposed to dust. The average age, height, weight, employment duration, and smoking status of the two groups were compared, at the outset, using T-student tests. The results indicated that there were significant differences between the two groups concerning their average age and employment duration. However, statistical analyses rendered no significant differences between the two groups concerning their pulmonary functions.

127 patients recovering from spinal surgery were studied through the measurement of blood sodium within three days after the operation. Hyponatremia and the SIADH were found to occur in 7.8% and 3.1% of the patients respectively. The authors applied strict criteria for the diagnosis and found that four of 127 patients suffered from this complication. Analysis of the results revealed that hyponatremia and SIADH were most likely to develop in patients with cervical spinal surgery. The incidence of hyponatremia correlated with the duration, type and area of surgical operation, but not with age and sex.

In this study, 41 villages of Sabzevar were selected through cluster sampling. The chlorination quality drinking water in these rural areas was the main concern of the study. Also, the technicians knowledge concerning the proper ways of chlorination and chlorometery before and after a training course was evaluated. The results indicated that the present status of chlorination in rural areas was not satisfactory, and only in 10% of the samples, the remaining amount of chlorine after chlorometery could be considered optimal. As for the second concern of the study, the results revealed that the technicians were vaguely informed about the chlorination process; 40% of them could not even figure out the whole capacity of the reservoirs; 90% were unaware of the variable chlorine requirement. The remaining amount of chlorine after chlorination improved from 78% to 25% after the training course.

In this study, two groups are compared. 100 patients with vitiligo, and another 100 without vitiligo as a control group. The purpose was to determine the prevalence of different blood types among the patients with vitiligo. Blood groups and RH of both groups were determined. Frequency of each blood group in patients was compared with that of the control group. Sex, age onset, vitiligo type and family history of vitiligo were also taken into consideration, and the effect of each of which was compared with those of the control group. A significant relationship was found between positive family history of vitiligo and RH and O blood group.

Fibronectin is a protein which has complex binding interactions with many extracellular matrix components. Being a plasma protein, it is immunologically identified as a major surface protein of normal fibroblasts, which binds with gelatin. After centrifuging human plasma samples at 25000 g for 20 minutes, the supernatamt plasma was applied to a 15 ml gelatin- sepharose column chromatography. SDS-page was performed in slab gels using 15% acrylamide running gels. Purified fibronectin was obtained from the fractioning of human plasma on gelatin sepharose. When analyzedby SDS-page, fibronectin gave single band at Mr = 271000 dalton.

Dermatophytosis is one of the common health problems in areas deprived of health facilities. 157 patients, suspected for fungal injuries, referring to the Mycology Laboratory in Zahedan were selected for sampling during the 1373 winter. 42.7% of the subjects were found to be positive in direct examination, and 34.2% were positive in culture. The culture results were 68.9% and 11.1% for males and females respectively. The most prevalent infection was tinea. capitis and the least common was tinea. ungium; the highest prevalence of the former (78.8%) was found in the age group of 0 to 9 years. Dermatophythoses isolated in this research were trichophyton. mentagrophytes (35.5%) , trichophyton. rubrum (18.5%), epidermophyton. flocosum (16.5%) , trichophyton. verucosum (13%) , microsporum. canis (7.4%) trichophyton. violaceum (5.5%) and trichophyton. shenlini (3.6%).

Amitriptyline is a Tricycles antidepressant drug about teratogenic effects of which there are limitted, different and controversial information. In some of the present literature, there is no mention of the relationship between taking this drug and its effect on abnormalities, while there have been sporadic reports of such effects during pregnancy. This report is meant to describe an infant with transverse meromelia in its left side upper limbs, whose mother used to take 25-mg Amitriptyline Hydrochloride pills occasionally during the third month and regularly once a day afterwards. The deficiency was manifested as total lack of the hand and partial lack of the forearm.