JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT (THE ECONOMIC RESEARCH)
Year:2006 | Volume:6 | Issue:1|Papers Count:10

Economic development is considered to be an important basis for the policies in every country and undoubtedly energy is an essential and necessary factor for economic development. In this regard transportation sector consumes large amounts of energy. Examining energy consumption in transportation sector indicates that energy consumption growth in this sector doesn’t correspond to the added-value growth, and this gap between energy consumption growth and production growth in Iran has increased the consumption intensity of this sector. Using 1971- 2003 data, the main purpose of this paper is to estimate the fuel demand function in the land transportation sector of the country.Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) method was used to estimate the fuel demand function in the land transportation sector. The findings indicate that gasoline and diesel demand in the land transportation sector with regard to the fuel price variation has a low elasticity. This indicates that fuel demand in land transportation decreases less than one percent when the fuel price increases one percent. Also fuel income elasticity in the land transportation sector is less than one unit that shows when added value increases one percent, fuel demand increases less than one percent in the country.

This research is an analytical study of financing in industrial sector of Iran and some other countries. The study shows significant differences in financing patterns from country to country, especially between developed and developing countries.The firms in developing countries often finance by using foreign resources more than developed ones. Stock exchange financing is one of the best methods used in developing countries. In this research, developing and developed countries' financing methods are introduced. The study also shows stock growth in developing countries. In this research financing methods of developing and developed countries are introduced and the stock growth in developing ones is examined.In studying Iran’s industries, the first step is calculating the cost of financing methods. Afterwards, using correlation analysis and t student test, the relationship between financing methods and weighted average of capital cost in different industries, such as food, chemicals, textile, mineral (nonmetal), and machinery is studied.Considering the results (with 49 companies in this section), that is done by statistical analysis, shows that there is no significant difference among financing methods mentioned above.

Various studies estimating the production functions (P.Fs) in both agricultural and industry sectors have been conducted so far. Most of these studies have relied on formal P.Fs, such as Cobb-Douglas, Translog and Constant Elasticity Substitution P.Fs; and they have considered mines sector in less extent. The aim of this paper is an estimation of P.Fs in different provinces of the country over the 1996-2002 periods. To do this, various P.Fs were specified in which Cobb-Douglas P.F gave us economic theory-based results. According to our calculations based on Pooled Least Squares (PLS) and Generalized Least Squares (GLS), Iranian mines have labor-intensive structure; and also P.F. coefficient (the sum of elasticities) is greater than one indicating the increasing returns to scale in mines production. So, increased number of employees in both assembly and support lines; and also upgraded level and amount of developmental and exploratory investments can play an effective role in mineral production which is demanded by construction, industry, auto-making, medicine, transport and other sectors.

One of the main questions in the context of economics of election is how much economic variables affect the participation level of people in elections. This paper is an attempt to reply this question in Iran. For this purpose, a model has been designed in which the quality of impact rate of some variables (such as per capita income, tax, literacy, inflation rate and unemployment rate) on participation of Iranian people in elections is measured at provincial level. This model has been estimated using Iranian eighth presidential elections data in 2001, the results of which show that inflation and unemployment rates have considerable negative impact, whereas literacy and per capita income in each province result in an increase in participation of people in the elections.

This paper analyses the impact of globalization on labor market of some developing countries. Globalization has a multidimensional impact on the labor market, among them increasing inequality of wages, changing combination of the jobs, enhancing productivity and efficiency, and increasing the elasticity demand for labor force can be mentioned. Some countries in this research have been studied such as Turkey, India, Chile and Mexico whose experience can serve as a useful pattern for our economy at the starting stages of this process.

What is Metaeconomics? What is its status in Economics? Is it a new theory? To what extent is it different from the mainstream Economics? Can it have any applicable function?The main purpose of this paper is to elaborate on one of the latest economic theories, known as Metaeconomics. In the beginning, we will try to discuss the scientific background and the future challenges of the orthodox economics. Then, using the fundamental concepts and sociological, psychological and philosophical foundations of the theory, we will identify its status in economic methods and analyses.

The paper investigates the relationship between inflation and inflation uncertainty using the Iranian data over the period 1959:03 – 2005:12. GARCH models are used to examine this relationship. Granger methods are employed to provide statistical evidence for the relationship between average inflation and inflation uncertainty. Threshold GARCH (TGARCH) models are considered to investigate asymmetry in the conditional variance of inflation. The Component GARCH (CGARCH) models are employed to decompose inflation uncertainty into a short-run and a long-run component by permitting transitory deviations of the conditional volatility around a time-varying trend. This model examines the presence of the long memory in the conditional variance of inflation.The findings show that increased inflation raises inflation uncertainty confirming the theoretical predictions made by Friedman. Furthermore, the findings of bi-directional causality support the Cukierman and Meltzer model. Using the standard TGARCH models, the presence of asymmetry is found in the conditional variance of annualized inflation, and finally the evidence of long memory exists in the conditional variance of annualized inflation.