JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT (THE ECONOMIC RESEARCH)
Year:2002 | Volume:1 | Issue:3|Papers Count:8

Existing aggregate and sectoral accounting systems are inadequate in quantilying the new approach in developmental economics that emerged in the seventies. Therefore, meso - level accounting and related models are designed to simueltarnously analyse socio and economic aspects. The main applications of these models concern interaction of endogenising household consumption, income, structure of production, and their relation to income distribution, employment and population. According to the principle of the accounting system, aggregate income and expenditure of each account in a given time should be equal. Equality of income and expenditure of each sector in production account is provided by the Leontief I-O table. However, such equality cannot be maintained about the household sector in both the accounting systems. Using some assumptions could provide such equality but limit the scope of socio - economic aspects of income distribeetion and employment because it neglects mixed income. The estimation or mixed income and its role in quantitatively analysing potential sectoral employment with emphasis on the textile industry is the main focus of this article. An updated 28 sector I-O table for 1989 has been used.

Delivering reliable, high quality products and processes at low cost has become the key to survival in today"s global economy. Driven by the need to completc on cost and performance, many quality conscious organizations are increasingly focusing on the optimization of product design. This retlects the realization that quality can not be achieved economically through inspection. Designing in quality is cheaper than trying to inspect and re - engineer it in after a product hits the production tloor or worse, after it gets to the customer [6]. Thus, new philosophy, technology and advanced statistical tools must be employed to design high quality products at low cost.

Economic history shows that in development process, textile industries have had a definite role. Most of the countries began their development by this industry. Textile industry in Iran has a long history. today it is one ot the most important economic sector especially form the employment point of view. In present time, incresaing employment (decreasing unemployment rate) and the income of non oil export are the most important economic goals of the Iraninan authorities. This paper aims to investigate the present situation or the Irans"s textile industry in 1357-1377. By using the existing eeonometrics method, The elfects or fiscal and monetary policies on the textile industry will be estimated. Then on the basis of the quantitative results, Policy recommendation will be presented.

Allocation of resources is affected by taxes. In The demand side, Taxes can reduce demands through changes in disposable income. In the supply side, however, taxes can have significant impacts on production capacity. An optimum tax policy is one that minimizes the disturbances to economic decisions, while creates equity in tax payments. This study first, examines the tax burdens of industrial sector in Iran, and then applies a neoclassical model to calculate tax burdens of large textile industries and compares the results with all large industries. Due to the imperfect market conditions in such industries, the model was based on the "mark up pricing behavior" assumption. The model was estimated using econometrics methods, and the results show that the textile industries are able to impose taxes to consumers. This situation was later examined under production growth conditions. The results of this investigation showed that the higher rates of taxes had no significant impact on growth of Production in textile industries. However, it should be noted that this study used only the national tax payments as defined in tax laws of the country and does not include other payments.

The purpose of the present paper is to investigate the comparative advantage of the textile industry in the Mazandaran province in order of fulfill the macroeconomic goals especially employment and export. To do so, first we have introduced indexes such as the number of operating projects, investment, total employment, average employment. (employment - project ratio), and per capita investment (investment - employment ratio) in these projects for the period ended 1377 to evaluate the importcmoe of the industry in the Mazandaran Province as compared to other provinces of the country. Then the relative importance of the textile and leather industry in the province is heing compared with other provinces. In ordet to evaluate the comparative advantage of employment and exporting of the textile industry in the Mazndaran province, we have computed the revealed comparative advantage (RCA) index for all ten industry categories in the Province. The results of the present paper hased on the RCA index show that the textile industry of the Mazandaran province compared to other provinces has a Comparative advantage from employment and exproting point of view. In other word, the RCA Indexes for employment. export and valued - added of the textile 9industry in the Mazandaran province were 1.53; 3.22 and 1.15 respectively, which are all greater than are. Therefore, confirming the revealed comparative advantage of the textile industry of the Mazandaran province, it is suggested the government to allocate appropriate hudget and necessary supportive, measures in order to expand the foreign marketing and renovating this industry.

In recent years Productivity in textile industries have heen varied very much and less studies arc done in search of its causes. A relatively popular approach to study such conditions is through. Perkopenko Model. This approach divides effective factors on Productivity in to two internal and external catagories. Internal Catagory itself divides into software and hardware factors, and external one divides into sturctural change, natural resources and government factors. Such model is used to study the productivity Variations in Barsh Textile Industries. No sampling is taken, hut rather the whole population is studied. Data is gathered and classified for the years 1368 through 1377. Then questions are raised base on Perkopenko"s internal and external factors. Also suitahle indicators for each factor are introduced, then based on indicators and ratIos the necessary analysis arc done.

The study of current textile industry in Iran indicates that, This industry faces four critical problems: surplus labor, which has to be transfered from the industry; shortage of capital and worn out machinary; inefficiency of trade strategies; and finally the expansion of fabric smuggling into the country. This paper aims to explain these four key problems, by using the available information and data and doing field work in one of the country"s provinces. The findings demonstrate that textile industry holds the highest employment rate in the country, but form the added value view point is the 7th out of 23 industry groups. Its labor productivity accounts for nearly forty percent of the total average of industries, and ranks 21st out of 23 industry groups. 97 percent of the employees" skill is lower than technician and 80 percent lack high school diploma. This inappropriate structure dominating the industry, and dissonance in trade strategies, consequently in the industry, made it inefficient and led to decrease in industrial products and again caused an increasingly fabric smuggling into the country. According to the research estimates, the amount of fabric smuggling from various entries of the country was annually 305 milion dollars or 1972704 rials. The figure would be very astonishing when compared with the sale of top five textile factories which is 276125 milion rials in a year or 14 percent of the total fabric smuggling into the country. As the article reveals, smuggling is not an arbitrary and unorganized phenomenon but has got a highly integrated and organized form in the country.