ULUM-I-HADITH
Year:2009 | Volume:14 | Issue:2 (52)|Papers Count:14

Though the correction of consumption pattern is not a familiar term in Islamic hadiths but considering hadiths which reject prodigality we can trace it in Islamic thought. In this paper, the author first explains about the principles of correcting the pattern of consumption. Then he makes a picture of dos and don’ts regarding consumption pattern while using private and public facilities and present some solutions to it. He points to infallible Imams’ lifestyle and renders some examples of their behavior.

Islam encourages people to memorize the verses of holy Quran and not to forget it. Here is a question Have we committed a sin if we forget what we have memorized? Is it unlawful or not? Since there are hadiths and different views and also religious decisions which regard it as unlawful or not recommended on one hand and lack of research on the other hand make it necessary to be researched. The author of the present paper has thematically divided the issue into two categories: A) views and opinions B) related hadith in this regard.

One of the theological issues concerning the infallibility of prophets is that whether they are infallible in all affairs of life spiritually or materially or like other people they sometimes make mistakes. Most of Shiite scholars and theologians believe that they are absolutely infallible. To demonstrate it they have presented some arguments. But some of Shiite scholars and Sheikh Saduq and his teacher, Ibn Walid, at the top don’t agree with this and refer to those hadiths which are found in Shiite and Sunni Sources concerning the holy Prophet’s prayer.

Registering dates of birth and death of infallible Imams is one of the oldest issues which Islamic historians have dealt with and written some books in this regard. In spite of high importance attached to these dates, there are many discrepancies while registering and recording them. One of these discrepancies is concerned with the birthday of holy Prophet, may peace and blessing be upon him. Mentioning different versions, the author of the present paper views this issue from two perspectives: Tiqat al-Islam Kulayni and Sheikh Saduq.

In some hadith sources there is a hadith about forbidding pollination of date-palms and has been attributed to the holy Prophet, may peace and blessings be upon him. Dr. Sorush holds this as a scientific error of the Prophet. The author of the present paper has a critical view of this hadith both by document and content. He argues that there is no trace of such a hadith before the third century. Some believes that this hadith has been made up by some rulers of the time to justify the separation of religion from material world. The content of the hadith contradicts the holy Quran and does not agree with the Prophet’s knowledge about the pollination of flowers. Since it’s not a reliable hadith, it can not be regarded as the Prophet’s scientific mistake.

The word ‘baras’ has been used in religious texts in different forms and meanings. In its modern usage it refers to chronic disorder that causes depigmentation in patches of skin. It occurs when the melanocytes, the cells responsible for skin pigmentation which are derived from the neural crest, die or are unable to function. This perception does not agree with the way of utilizing this word in the Quran and hadith. In addition what is meant by baras in jurisprudential decisions is very different from above-mentioned meaning. Searching different sources, the author of this paper concludes that the word baras has been dressed in new meaning and is very different from ‘judham’ (leprosy).

Methodology is a necessary tool for hadith research. Al-Wafi, written by Faydh Kashani, is a Shiite hadith collection. In this book, he has annotated some hadiths. These annotations and his commentary are influenced by his thoughts. The other of this article introduces the Fayd’s approach to jurisprudential as moderate Akhbari. On the other hand while approaching non-jurisprudential hadith he tries to interpret them. In Shiite history, researchers have paid more attention to jurisprudential hadiths than other ones. Thus, in this article, the author deals with non-jurisprudential hadiths to demonstrate his way of thinking and its philosophical and mystical origin.

Inappropriate reaction to ups and downs of life is a cause of some mental problems. There is an important question here: How to manage these two situations and level them in individual? To answer this question, the author of this paper gives a definition of ‘zuhd’ (asceticism) in Islamic thought and regards it as a solution to this problem. He introduces planning zuhd as a way of obtaining a health mind that is one should refrain from worldly pleasures and pursue otherworldly ones. How? According to religious teachings knowledge and certainty are means of planning desires. Correct knowledge of this world and the otherworld will help us to cut off this world and connect to the other world.

The justice of Sahaba is one of the issues which Shia and Sunni disagree upon. In this paper, the author first gives a definition of Sahaba and introduces them. Then make an investigation of Shii and Sunni views in this regard. He views love for Imam Ali, peace be upon him as a criterion for recognizing Sahaba.

In this paper, hadiths which are called tahrif hadiths are viewed from extremist school of thought perspective. First the author gives a definition of ghuluw (extremism) and ghalian (extremists) and then mentions some instances of these hadiths. He analyzes the presence of this harmful group in the chain of authorities of tahrif hadiths and mentions the names of 14 reporters who are accused of extremism and gives a rejali account of them.

Journeys made by hadith scholars are of the most important means for preserving and disseminating the culture of hadith. they hamade these journeys to: 1- learn hadith, 2- make sure of its reliability, 3- promote in chain of authorities, 4- disseminate hadith, 5- know more about hadith reporters, 6- talk about it with other scholars, 7- improve cultural conditions of those cities, 8- learning all of hadith sciences, 9- obtain hadith books, 10- publish these books, 11- compile them.

Figurative language is one of the effective methods utilized by the infallible Imams in order to publicize the divine message and present a sharp and vivid image of religious facts. The author of the present paper tries to demonstrate some of these wonderful images in the Infallible Imams sayings.