Determination of Form Friction Factor of Armored Gravel-Bed Rivers

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Okhravi Saeid; Gohari Saeed

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Journal: JOURNAL OF HYDRAULICS Year:2018 | Volume:13 | Issue:3 (133) Page(s): 1-16

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Information Journal Paper

Title

Determination of Form Friction Factor of Armored Gravel-Bed Rivers

Author(s)

Okhravi Saeid | Gohari Saeed | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

Armor layerQ1

Bed formQ1

Gravel-bed riverQ1

Friction factorQ1

Shields parameterQ2

Abstract

Friction factor plays a substantial role in hydraulic computations. In coarse-gravel bed rivers, Friction factor depends on grain size and Bed forms. A wide range of particle sizes and developing Armor layer have great effects on Friction factor. To this end, determination of the form Friction factor of armored river beds has been investigated in this study and, a friction equation was developed based on computing grain Friction factor of the total Friction factor. Analysis of obtained equation showed that the Friction factor is rather independent of grain-size distribution of the bed material and the maximum grain size of this material. The major controlling parameter is the slope of the energy grade line. These results are explained by the coupling of the Friction factor with the incipient motion problem and the rearrangement of the grains of the coarsest fraction in the armor coat. To verify the equation, Keulegan method was used which results 80% agreement between two methods. Also, including the major part of total Friction factor to form Friction factor (40%) shows the significant effects of Bed form on flow resistance. The results of the current study showed that formation and development of Armor layer increase bed roughness and Friction factor and decrease average flow velocity causing a reduction in threshold Shields parameter and augmentation in bed stability. Field observations are employed to test the methods.

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APA: Copy

Okhravi, Saeid, & Gohari, Saeed. (2018). Determination of Form Friction Factor of Armored Gravel-Bed Rivers. JOURNAL OF HYDRAULICS, 13(3 (133) ), 1-16. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/124211/en

Vancouver: Copy

Okhravi Saeid, Gohari Saeed. Determination of Form Friction Factor of Armored Gravel-Bed Rivers. JOURNAL OF HYDRAULICS[Internet]. 2018;13(3 (133) ):1-16. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/124211/en

IEEE: Copy

Saeid Okhravi, and Saeed Gohari, “Determination of Form Friction Factor of Armored Gravel-Bed Rivers,” JOURNAL OF HYDRAULICS, vol. 13, no. 3 (133) , pp. 1–16, 2018, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/124211/en

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