PARGARI S.

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Journal: JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES Year:2002 | Volume:12 | Issue:43 Page(s): 43-61

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Title

"CHAO" THE SYMBOL OF CRISIS UNDER THE RELIGIOUS POLICY OF THE IL-KHANS

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Author(s)

PARGARI S. | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

"CHAO"Q4

ECONOMIC CRISISQ4

THE MODE OF THE IL-KHANS" RULEQ4

LEGITIMACYQ3

AUTHORITYQ2

RELIGIOUSPOLICYQ4

YASA.Q4

Abstract

The Mongols confronted an ECONOMIC CRISIS thirty years after the fonnation of the Ilkhans rule in Iran. In order to overcome this crisis, the governments high functionaries ordered their subjects to deliver their golden and silver coins--the main instrument of transaction--to the government and instead receive "CHAO"paper money. This article intends to investigate the main causes of the economic crisis during the Gikhatoo era (690-694 A. H). Some scholars maintain that the cause of the crisis was Gikhatoos behavior; that is, his lavishness, extravagance, and wastefulness, in addition to the death of herds caused by severe cold. This research doesnt completely refute these causes; however, it attempts to show that the circulation of "CHAO" and the resistance of people against it, which finally sealed the fate of the Ilkhans rule, had deep political and social roots. Chao is in fact a symbol which, if properly studied, will shed light on the numerous social, political, economic and religio-cultural confrontations between Mongols and the people of Iran from the very beginning of the Mongol invasion to Iran. The implementation of unwise strategies regarding the religio-cultural domains by the first Ilkhans was a main factor which brought about a crisis of LEGITIMACY and eventually led to the economic Crisis.

Cites

THE CAUSES OF PAPER MONEY DISFUNCTIONALITY IN ECONOMICS AND SOCIETY OF IIKHANID"S AGE.

References

سازمان اداری ایران در زمان حکومت ایلخانان (1)

Cite

APA: Copy

PARGARI, S.. (2002). "CHAO" THE SYMBOL OF CRISIS UNDER THE RELIGIOUS POLICY OF THE IL-KHANS. JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES, 12(43), 43-61. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/13881/en

Vancouver: Copy

PARGARI S.. "CHAO" THE SYMBOL OF CRISIS UNDER THE RELIGIOUS POLICY OF THE IL-KHANS. JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES[Internet]. 2002;12(43):43-61. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/13881/en

IEEE: Copy

S. PARGARI, “"CHAO" THE SYMBOL OF CRISIS UNDER THE RELIGIOUS POLICY OF THE IL-KHANS,” JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES, vol. 12, no. 43, pp. 43–61, 2002, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/13881/en

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