FABRICATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF A MACHINE OLFACTION SYSTEM COMBINED WITH PATTERN RECOGNITION TECHNIQUES FOR DETECTING FORMALIN ADULTERATION IN RAW MILK

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TOHIDI MOJTABA; GHASEMI VARNAMKHASTI MAHDI; GHAFARINIA VAHID; MOHTASEBI SEYED SAEID; BONYADIAN MOJTABA

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Journal: Iranian Journal of Biosystems Engineering Year:2017 | Volume:47 | Issue:4 Page(s): 761-770

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Title

FABRICATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF A MACHINE OLFACTION SYSTEM COMBINED WITH PATTERN RECOGNITION TECHNIQUES FOR DETECTING FORMALIN ADULTERATION IN RAW MILK

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Keywords

ELECTRONIC NOSEQ1

SEMICONDUCTOR GAS SENSORSQ1

FORMALINQ3

PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSISQ2

ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKQ2

Abstract

Adulteration in milk and other dairy products is not only a serious threat to human health but it also leads to economic losses in the dairy industry. Utilization of materials that reduce microbial load is a common adulteration. In this study, a machine olfaction (ELECTRONIC NOSE) based on 8 Metal Oxide Semiconductor (MOS) sensors were fabricated, developed, and its capability of FORMALIN detection in raw milk investigated. Feature vector was then extracted from the sensors’ response and used as the inputs to lay the pattern of recognition models. Based on the obtained results, PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS (PCA) with two first PCs (PC1 and PC2) could describe 93% of variance within the data. In the sensor array, MQ4, FIS, TGS822, and TGS2620 sensors presented the highest loading coefficient values whilst TGS2602 devoted the lowest loading one. Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) revealed the classification accuracy as 80.1%. Support Vector Machine (SVM) with three order multinomial kernel function showing the training and validation accuracy values as 100% and 90.91%, respectively. Also, the full success rate was obtained for the overall classification, using ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK.

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APA: Copy

TOHIDI, MOJTABA, GHASEMI VARNAMKHASTI, MAHDI, GHAFARINIA, VAHID, MOHTASEBI, SEYED SAEID, & BONYADIAN, MOJTABA. (2017). FABRICATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF A MACHINE OLFACTION SYSTEM COMBINED WITH PATTERN RECOGNITION TECHNIQUES FOR DETECTING FORMALIN ADULTERATION IN RAW MILK. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BIOSYSTEMS ENGINEERING (IRANIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES), 47(4), 761-770. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/144386/en

Vancouver: Copy

TOHIDI MOJTABA, GHASEMI VARNAMKHASTI MAHDI, GHAFARINIA VAHID, MOHTASEBI SEYED SAEID, BONYADIAN MOJTABA. FABRICATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF A MACHINE OLFACTION SYSTEM COMBINED WITH PATTERN RECOGNITION TECHNIQUES FOR DETECTING FORMALIN ADULTERATION IN RAW MILK. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BIOSYSTEMS ENGINEERING (IRANIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES)[Internet]. 2017;47(4):761-770. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/144386/en

IEEE: Copy

MOJTABA TOHIDI, MAHDI GHASEMI VARNAMKHASTI, VAHID GHAFARINIA, SEYED SAEID MOHTASEBI, and MOJTABA BONYADIAN, “FABRICATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF A MACHINE OLFACTION SYSTEM COMBINED WITH PATTERN RECOGNITION TECHNIQUES FOR DETECTING FORMALIN ADULTERATION IN RAW MILK,” IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BIOSYSTEMS ENGINEERING (IRANIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES), vol. 47, no. 4, pp. 761–770, 2017, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/144386/en

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